{"id":103,"date":"2016-01-23T00:06:09","date_gmt":"2016-01-22T22:06:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.imaxi.net\/?p=103"},"modified":"2017-02-08T01:11:01","modified_gmt":"2017-02-07T23:11:01","slug":"camasir-makinesini-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=103","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7ama\u015f\u0131r Makinesini Kim Buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c7ama\u015f\u0131r Makinesini kim icat etti.<\/strong> Y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca kad\u0131nlar \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 akarsu kenarlar\u0131nda elleriyle ovarak ve toka\u00e7layarak y\u0131kad\u0131lar. Akarsular\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0 yerlerde, \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131rlar, tahta, bak\u0131r ya da demir le\u011fenler i\u00e7inde y\u0131kand\u0131. Roma’n\u0131n Sapo b\u00f6lgesinde kurbanl\u0131k hayvanlar\u0131n ya\u011f i\u00e7eren k\u00fcllerinin sabun olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair kayl\u0131tlar bulunmu\u015ftur. 18. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131na gelinceye kadar, ba\u015fka bir \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r y\u0131kama y\u00f6ntemi yoktu. Peki \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r makinesini kim icat etti?<\/p>\n

1782’de Londra’da Henry Sidgier<\/strong> alt\u0131gen bi\u00e7iminde, ah\u015faptan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, kapal\u0131 bir \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r teknesi yapt\u0131. Bu teknenin i\u00e7ine yerle\u015ftirilen tahta \u00e7ubuklar aras\u0131na \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131rlar s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yordu. Teknenin iki ucu, iki ask\u0131ya as\u0131l\u0131yor, sonra da kol g\u00fcc\u00fcyle d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyordu. Tamamen insan eme\u011fine dayanan bu sistem hem \u00e7ok yorucuydu, hem de al\u0131\u015f\u0131la gelmi\u015f\u00a0 y\u00f6ntemlere oranla daha uzun zaman al\u0131yordu. Makineden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan \u0131slak \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131rlar, iki tahta merdanenin aras\u0131ndan ge\u00e7irilerek\u00a0 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131yor, b\u00f6ylece bir yandan sulan s\u00fcz\u00fcl\u00fcrken, bir yandan da bir anlamda \u00fct\u00fclenmi\u015f oluyordu.<\/p>\n

1791’de Ferguson Hardie<\/strong> ad\u0131nda\u00a0 bir \u0130ngiliz, merdane kolunun tek y\u00f6nl\u00fc hareketiyle, merdanelerin hem ileri, hem de geri gelmesini sa\u011flayan bir sistem geli\u015ftirdi. Bu\u00a0 sistem sayesinde, hi\u00e7 de\u011filse s\u0131kma mekanizmas\u0131nda bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kolayl\u0131k sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ama yine de b\u00fct\u00fcn i\u015flemler insan eme\u011fine\u00a0 dayan\u0131yordu ve olduk\u00e7a yorucuydu.<\/p>\n

Amerikada 1797 de \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r y\u0131kamak i\u00e7in f\u0131r\u00e7alama tahtas\u0131\u00a0Nathaniel Briggs <\/strong>taraf\u0131ndan icat edildi.<\/p>\n

1851 de Amerikal\u0131 James King<\/strong> tamburu olan ba\u015fka bir \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r y\u0131kama makinesinin patentini ald\u0131. \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131rlar bu tamburun i\u00e7erisine konuyor ve tambur el ile \u00e7evriliyordu. 1858 y\u0131l\u0131nda Hamilton Smith D\u00f6ner \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r makinesinin patentini ald\u0131.<\/p>\n

1874 y\u0131l\u0131nda Indiana’da William Blackstone e\u015fine bir do\u011fum g\u00fcn\u00fc hediyesi olarak bir \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r y\u0131kama makinesi yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n

1906 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar yap\u0131lan t\u00fcm \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r makineleri insan g\u00fcc\u00fc ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan, genelde amat\u00f6r denemeler olarak kald\u0131. Alva John Fisher<\/strong>, elektrikle <\/a>\u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ilk \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r makinesini icat etti<\/strong>. 1908 y\u0131l\u0131nda Alva Fisher’in \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r makinesi Chicago’da bulunan Hurley Machine Company taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. Makineye Thor<\/strong> ad\u0131 verildi.\u00a0 Bu makinenin patenti 1910 y\u0131l\u0131nda al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n

1924 y\u0131l\u0131nda ilk kurutmal\u0131 makineler piyasaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/p>\n

1937 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bendix Corporation adl\u0131 \u015firket ilk tam otomatik \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r makinesini \u00fcretti. 1940’l\u0131 y\u0131llardan itibaren tam otomatik makineler ev han\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n hizmetine girmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00c7ama\u015f\u0131r Makinesini kim icat etti. Y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca kad\u0131nlar \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 akarsu kenarlar\u0131nda elleriyle ovarak ve toka\u00e7layarak y\u0131kad\u0131lar. Akarsular\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0 yerlerde, \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131rlar, tahta, bak\u0131r ya da demir le\u011fenler i\u00e7inde y\u0131kand\u0131. Roma’n\u0131n Sapo…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5600,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[1285,74],"class_list":["post-103","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ev","tag-alva-john-fisher","tag-camasir-makinesi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/103"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=103"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/103\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8400,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/103\/revisions\/8400"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/5600"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=103"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=103"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=103"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}