{"id":105,"date":"2010-12-16T03:10:27","date_gmt":"2010-12-16T01:10:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.imaxi.net\/?p=105"},"modified":"2018-02-26T11:34:23","modified_gmt":"2018-02-26T09:34:23","slug":"transistoru-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=105","title":{"rendered":"Transist\u00f6r\u00fc Kim Buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Transist\u00f6r\u00fc kim icat etti.<\/strong> 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n en \u00f6nemli bulu\u015flar\u0131ndan biri olarak kabul edilen ve elektronik devrelerin can damar\u0131 olan transist\u00f6rler, 1947’de\u00a0 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck telefon \u015firketi olan Bell kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131rma laboratuvarlannda, William Shockley<\/strong> ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda John Bardeen<\/strong> ve Walter Brattain<\/strong>‘den olu\u015fan ekip, teknolojide yepyeni bir \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7an bu bulu\u015flar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131, 1956\u00a0 y\u0131l\u0131nda Nobel \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc’n\u00fc payla\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bardeen ve Brattain, radyo <\/a>ve telefon <\/a>sinyallerinin al\u0131nmas\u0131nda, g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesinde ve yans\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan termiyonik\u00a0 kapaklara kar\u015f\u0131 bir se\u00e7enek bulmak i\u00e7in u\u011fra\u015f\u0131yorlard\u0131. \u00c7abuk k\u0131r\u0131labilen ve pahal\u0131ya mal olan bu lambalar\u0131n \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in belirli bir\u00a0 s\u00fcrenin ge\u00e7mesi gerekiyordu. Ayr\u0131ca bir hayli de elektrik <\/a>t\u00fcketiyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ekip ilk transistor\u00fc, ince bir germanyum tabakas\u0131ndan yapt\u0131. 1947 Noel’inden iki g\u00fcn \u00f6nce, bu transistor bir radyo devresine tak\u0131ld\u0131 ve Brattain, defterine \u015fu sat\u0131rlar\u0131 yazd\u0131: “Bu devre ger\u00e7ekten i\u015fe yar\u0131yor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ses d\u00fczeyinde hissedilir bir y\u00fckselme sa\u011fland\u0131.”\u00a0 Transist\u00f6r, t\u0131pk\u0131 lamba gibi, ses sinyalini g\u00fc\u00e7lendiriyordu. Ama hem boyut olarak \u00e7ok daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fckt\u00fc, hem de daha az enerjiye\u00a0 gereksinimi vard\u0131. \u00d6nceleri k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcc\u00fck bir ayg\u0131t\u0131n o koca lambalar\u0131n yerini alabilece\u011fine pek az kimse inand\u0131. Ama Shockley ve ekibi,\u00a0 d\u00f6rt y\u0131l i\u00e7inde b\u00fcy\u00fck geli\u015fmeler sa\u011flad\u0131lar. 1952’de transistor, orijinal boyutlar\u0131n onda birine indirildi ve \u00e7ok daha g\u00fc\u00e7lendi 1957’de\u00a0 y\u0131lda 30 milyon transistor \u00fcretilebilecek a\u015famaya gelinmi\u015fti. Bu alanda geli\u015fmeler yine de s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Bilim adamlar\u0131, germanyum\u00a0 tabakas\u0131 yerine, \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck \u0131s\u0131 \u015fiddetlerine dayanabilen saf slikon kristali kullanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Ak\u0131m\u0131, saniyenin y\u00fcz milyonda\u00a0 biri kadar k\u0131sa bir zamanda iletebilen transist\u00f6rler imal edildi. Bunlar\u0131n sayesinde cep tipi hesap makineleri, dijital saatler yap\u0131ld\u0131.\u00a0 Radyo ve Televizyon <\/a>al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131ndaki lambalar\u0131n yerini de transist\u00f6rler ald\u0131. E\u011fer bu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck harika ayg\u0131tlar olmasayd\u0131, uydu haberle\u015fmeleri, uzay ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ve ay\u0131n insan taraf\u0131ndan fethi de m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Transist\u00f6r\u00fc kim icat etti. 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n en \u00f6nemli bulu\u015flar\u0131ndan biri olarak kabul edilen ve elektronik devrelerin can damar\u0131 olan transist\u00f6rler, 1947’de\u00a0 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck telefon \u015firketi olan Bell kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10043,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[2290,75,2291,2289],"class_list":["post-105","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-teknoloji","tag-john-bardeen","tag-transistor","tag-walter-brattain","tag-william-shockley"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/105"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=105"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/105\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5057,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/105\/revisions\/5057"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10043"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=105"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=105"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=105"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}