{"id":10589,"date":"2018-03-01T00:22:17","date_gmt":"2018-02-28T22:22:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=10589"},"modified":"2018-03-01T00:45:52","modified_gmt":"2018-02-28T22:45:52","slug":"scrabble-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=10589","title":{"rendered":"Scrabble kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Scrabble nas\u0131l, nerede, ne zaman icat edildi<\/h2>\n

Kelime oyunu Scrabble\u00ae, 1948’de Alfred Mosher Butts<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirildi. \u00a0Kendisine telif hakk\u0131 1 Aral\u0131k 1948’de verildi. Alfred Butts mimard\u0131, ancak 1931’de b\u00fcy\u00fck buhran s\u0131ras\u0131nda\u00a0 i\u015fini kaybetti. Daha sonra Lexico, Criss-Crosswords ve Scrabble\u00ae gibi oyunlar\u0131 geli\u015ftirmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.\u00a0Daha sonra James Brunot<\/strong>, karelerden baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden d\u00fczenledi ve kurallar\u0131 basitle\u015ftirdi. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 4 y\u0131l s\u00fcren yava\u015f sat\u0131\u015flardan sonra Scrabble\u00ae\u00a0 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ba\u015far\u0131 elde etti.<\/p>\n

1931 y\u0131l\u0131nda icat edildi\u011finden beri 121 \u00fclkede 150 milyondan fazla Scrabble seti sat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Scrabble nas\u0131l icat edildi<\/h2>\n

Barack Obama, Bill ve Hillary Clinton, Keanu Reeves, Michael Milken, Madonna ve Martha Stewart gibi \u00fcnl\u00fcler oyunu \u00e7ok sevdiklerini s\u00f6ylediler. Krali\u00e7e 2. Elizabeth bile oyunun hayran\u0131yd\u0131. \u0130lk o\u011flu “Scrabble” \u0131n bir marka haline geldi\u011fi y\u0131l do\u011fdu. Bir sanat\u00e7\u0131 Prens Charles’\u0131n 60’\u0131nc\u0131 do\u011fum g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc kutlamak i\u00e7in Scrabble karelerinden olu\u015fan bir Prens portresi haz\u0131rlad\u0131. Senegal’de Scrabble resmi bir spor dal\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"Alfred-Mosher-Butts\"<\/p>\n

Scrabble, B\u00fcy\u00fck Buhran d\u00f6neminde, i\u015fsiz kalan bir New Yorklu mimar Alfred Mosher Butts taraf\u0131ndan tasarland\u0131. Alfred Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n, bu kasvetli ekonomik zamanda bir miktar oyalamak isteyebileceklerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc. Tarihteki en kal\u0131c\u0131 oyunlar\u0131n hangileri oldu\u011funa karar verdikten sonra – tahta, zar, kart, say\u0131 ve bulmaca oyunlar\u0131 – hepsini birle\u015ftirdi. Daha sonra New York Times, New York Herald Tribune ve Saturday Evening Post gazetelerinin sayfalar\u0131nda harf sayarak, karelerin frekans\u0131n\u0131 ve da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 belirledi. On y\u0131ldan fazla bir s\u00fcre, kurallara uyarak, kurumsal bir sponsor bulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ama s\u00fcrekli ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z oldu. Patent Ofisi, ba\u015fvurusunu bir kez de\u011fil iki kez reddetti. T\u00fcm bunlar\u0131n \u00fczerine bir isim bile tam olarak bulamam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130lk ba\u015flarda “Lexiko” ya da “Criss-Cross Words” gibi isimler se\u00e7ti ama olmad\u0131. \u0130cad\u0131n\u0131 “\u015fey” yada “o” diye nitelendiriyordu.<\/p>\n

James Brunot adl\u0131 bir New Yorklu Alfred Butt’a oyunun seri \u00fcretimi konusunda yard\u0131m elini uzatt\u0131. Brunot’un katk\u0131lar\u0131 olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli oldu: ikonik renk \u015femas\u0131 (pastel pembe, bebek mavisi, indigo ve parlak k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131),\u00a0yedi kareyi bir kelime yapmak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 50 puanl\u0131k bonusu geli\u015ftirdi ve\u00a0 son en \u00f6nemli \u015feyi, oyunun ad\u0131n\u0131 “Scrabble” olarak belirledi. \u0130lk Scrabble fabrikas\u0131, Brunot’un ve birka\u00e7 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n\u0131n saatte 12 oyun \u00fcretti\u011fi Connecticut k\u0131rsal\u0131nda terk edilmi\u015f bir okuldu. Macy ba\u015fkan\u0131 tatilde oyunu ke\u015ffedince, raflar\u0131na koymaya karar verdi ve oyunun sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131 patlad\u0131. 1952 y\u0131l\u0131na gelindi\u011finde, Brunot’un kendi fabrikas\u0131nda kurdu\u011fu montaj hatt\u0131 haftada 2.000’den fazla set \u00e7\u0131karmaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Yaln\u0131zca 1954 y\u0131l\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k 4 milyon Scrabble seti sat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

1971’de Brunot ve Butts oyun haklar\u0131n\u0131 Selchow & Righter adl\u0131 bir \u015firkete satt\u0131. Butts toplamda 265.000 dolar telif \u00fccreti ald\u0131; Brunot ise bu sat\u0131\u015ftan yakla\u015f\u0131k 1.5 milyon dolar para kazand\u0131. Coleco Industries Inc., 1980’lerde \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015fe ge\u00e7en Selchow’u sat\u0131n ald\u0131.\u00a0Coleco Industries’in\u00a0 iflas etmesinden sonra Hasbro Inc \u015firketi devrald\u0131. 1994 y\u0131l\u0131nda Hasbro, resmi Scrabble s\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in \u00e7ok sald\u0131rgan veya m\u00fcsteh\u00e7en buldu\u011fu yakla\u015f\u0131k 200 kelimeyi kald\u0131raca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilan etti\u011finde Scrabble d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 sarst\u0131. Hasbro, sonunda resmi turnuvalar ve okullar i\u00e7in sald\u0131rgan ve agresif kelimeleri i\u00e7ermeyen bir s\u00f6zl\u00fck ve e\u011flence kul\u00fcpleri i\u00e7in daha serbest farkl\u0131 bir s\u00f6zl\u00fckle oyunu piyasaya \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Scrabble Arap\u00e7a’dan Afrika dillerine kadar 22 dile terc\u00fcme edilmi\u015ftir. Garip bir \u015fekilde, oyun Hasbro’nun en b\u00fcy\u00fck rakibi Mattel Inc. taraf\u0131ndan ABD d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda sat\u0131l\u0131yor. Milton Bradley (Hayat, Yahtzee ve Candy Land’in yap\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131) ve Parker Brothers’\u0131n (Monopoly, Risk and Trivial Pursuit’in yap\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131) sat\u0131n al\u0131mlar\u0131 sayesinde 1990’l\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda, Hasbro, 1.1 milyar dolarl\u0131k ABD oyun pazar\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131na sahipti. Ancak 1993’te Mattel, Scrabble oyununun uluslararas\u0131 haklar\u0131 i\u00e7in Hasbro’dan daha y\u00fcksek teklif, (90 milyon dolar)\u00a0 verdi. Scrabble.com tuhaf bir \u015fekilde iki ana sayfas\u0131 olan bir site haline geldi. Siteye Amerika’dan girerseniz Hasbro’nun, Amerika d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan girerseniz ise Mattel’in sitelerine y\u00f6nleniyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Scrabble nas\u0131l, nerede, ne zaman icat edildi Kelime oyunu Scrabble\u00ae, 1948’de Alfred Mosher Butts taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirildi. \u00a0Kendisine telif hakk\u0131 1 Aral\u0131k 1948’de verildi. Alfred Butts mimard\u0131, ancak 1931’de b\u00fcy\u00fck buhran…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10590,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[3128],"class_list":["post-10589","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-eglence","tag-oyun"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10589"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10589"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10589\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10596,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10589\/revisions\/10596"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10590"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10589"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10589"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10589"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}