{"id":10705,"date":"2018-01-29T20:57:49","date_gmt":"2018-01-29T18:57:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=10705"},"modified":"2018-03-08T12:30:12","modified_gmt":"2018-03-08T10:30:12","slug":"icatlar-y","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=10705","title":{"rendered":"A’dan Z’ye \u0130catlar – Y harfi ile ba\u015flayan icatlar"},"content":{"rendered":"

Yap\u0131\u015fkan \u015eeffaf Bant<\/strong><\/p>\n

Richard G. Drew (1899-1980), maskeleme band\u0131 ve \u015feffaf yap\u0131\u015fkan bant (ayr\u0131ca selofan bant, para band\u0131, izole bant veya Scotch band\u0131 olarak da bilinir) taraf\u0131ndan icat edildi. Richard Drew, o s\u0131rada 3M \u015firketi i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir m\u00fchendisti.<\/p>\n

Drew’un ilk band\u0131 1923 y\u0131l\u0131nda ressamlar i\u00e7in yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f maskeleme band\u0131yd\u0131 (bu bant ressamlar\u0131n iki renk aras\u0131nda d\u00fcz bir s\u0131n\u0131r \u00e7izmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in tasarland\u0131). Bu erken maskeleme band\u0131, sadece kenarlar\u0131nda yap\u0131\u015fkan olan ka\u011f\u0131ttan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f geni\u015f bir bantt\u0131. Drew 1930’da Scotch \u2122 Markal\u0131 Sel\u00fcloz Bant olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan daha iyi bir bant yapt\u0131. Bu bant d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda benimsenen a\u00e7\u0131k, \u00e7ok ama\u00e7l\u0131 bir yap\u0131\u015fkan bant oldu. \u0130lk bant kesme cihaz\u0131 1932’de ba\u015fka bir 3M \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131 John A. Borden taraf\u0131ndan icat edildi.<\/p>\n

Yara Band\u0131<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

Yaralar i\u00e7in bandajlar antik zamanlardan beri vard\u0131, fakat daha kolay bir pansuman y\u00f6ntemi i\u00e7in bir yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131yla birle\u015ftirilmesi Earle Dickson (Johnson & Johnson \u015firketinde pamuk sat\u0131n almac\u0131s\u0131) taraf\u0131ndan icat edildi. Dickson, 1920’de BAND-AID\u00ae’ yara band\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fckemmelle\u015ftirerek ev kullan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, steril yap\u0131\u015fkan bir bandaj haline getirdi. Dickson, bir\u00e7ok mutfak kazas\u0131 ge\u00e7ir ve kullan\u0131m\u0131 kolay bir yara bandaj\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duyan sakar e\u015fi i\u00e7in BAND-AID\u00ae’i icat etti. Dickson, Johnson & Johnson \u015firketinin ba\u015fkan yard\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na terfi etti.<\/p>\n

Yazar Kasa<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130lk Mekanik yazarkasa 1879’da James Ritty (1836-1918) taraf\u0131ndan icat edildi ve patent al\u0131nd\u0131. Ritty Dayton, Ohio’da bir lokalde bek\u00e7ilik yap\u0131yordu. National Manufacturing Company \u015firketini kurdu ve Yazarkasas\u0131n\u0131 “D\u00fcr\u00fcst Kasiyer” ad\u0131yla satmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bir sat\u0131\u015f i\u015flemi tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, yazarkasa bir zil \u00e7al\u0131yordu ve tutar makinenin \u00f6n\u00fcndeki b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kadran \u00fczerinde kaydediliyordu. Her sat\u0131\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda, tezgahtar\u0131n sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131 takip edebilmesi i\u00e7in ka\u011f\u0131t kasete delik a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131yordu b\u00f6ylece g\u00fcn\u00fcn sonunda t\u00fcccar delikleri toplayarak hesaplama yapabiliyordu.<\/p>\n

John H. Patterson (1844-1922) Ritty’nin patentini ve \u015firketini 1884 y\u0131l\u0131nda sat\u0131n ald\u0131. Patterson, \u015firketin ad\u0131n\u0131 National Cash Register Company\u00a0 (Ulusal Nakit Kay\u0131t \u015eirketi) k\u0131saca NCR olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirdi. Patterson, t\u00fcm i\u015flemlerin yaz\u0131l\u0131 bir kayd\u0131n\u0131 tutan bir ka\u011f\u0131t kaset ekleyerek Ritty’nin yazarkasas\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n

1906’da Charles F. Kettering (NCR \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131) elektrikli bir yazar kasa geli\u015ftirdi (Kettering daha sonra General Motors i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve arabalar i\u00e7in elektrikli ate\u015fleme sistemini icat etti).<\/p>\n

Ulusal Nakit Kay\u0131t \u015eirketi, daha sonra ATT taraf\u0131ndan 1991’de sat\u0131n al\u0131nana kadar NCR olarak adland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. 1996’da ATT’den ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman tekrar NCR ismine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f yapt\u0131. NCR halen d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck yazarkasa sistemleri \u00fcreticilerinden biridir.<\/p>\n

Yoyo Oyuncak<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yoya, en eski oyuncaklardan biridir. Yo-yo, antik Romal\u0131lar ah\u015fap ve metal yo-yo’larla oynarken, 2.500 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n s\u00fcredir kullan\u0131lan bir oyuncakt\u0131r. “Yo-yo” kelimesi, “geri gelmek” anlam\u0131na gelen Tagalog dilinde bir kelimedir.<\/p>\n

Y\u00fcr\u00fcyen Merdiven<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

Bir y\u00fcr\u00fcyen merdiven, insanlar\u0131n binan\u0131n zeminden yukar\u0131ya kolayl\u0131kla \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan hareketli bir merdiven t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Y\u00fcr\u00fcyen merdiven, 1891’de Amerikal\u0131 mucit Jesse W. Reno taraf\u0131ndan icat edildi. “E\u011fimli asans\u00f6r\u00fc” \u00fczerinde, yakla\u015f\u0131k 25 derecelik bir e\u011fimle bir konvey\u00f6r band\u0131na tutturulmu\u015f kama \u015feklindeki bir destek \u00fczerine yolcular bindi. bu y\u00fcr\u00fcyen merdivende, sabit bir korkuluk (k\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra hareketli bir korkuluk ile de\u011fi\u015ftirildi) vard\u0131.<\/p>\n

1890’l\u0131 y\u0131llar\u0131n sonunda Georg A. Wheeler ve Charles D. Seeberger Wheeler’in patentini sat\u0131n ald\u0131lar. Geli\u015ftirmelerin ilki y\u00fcr\u00fcyen merdivene yatay basamaklar eklenmesi oldu. Otis \u015firketi daha sonra y\u00fcr\u00fcyen merdiven i\u00e7in patentleri onlardan sat\u0131n ald\u0131 ve d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda pazarlad\u0131. Otis \u015eirketi ilk defa y\u00fcr\u00fcyen merdiven (escalator) kelimesini 1900 Paris Expo Fuar\u0131nda kullan\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Yap\u0131\u015fkan \u015eeffaf Bant Richard G. Drew (1899-1980), maskeleme band\u0131 ve \u015feffaf yap\u0131\u015fkan bant (ayr\u0131ca selofan bant, para band\u0131, izole bant veya Scotch band\u0131 olarak da bilinir) taraf\u0131ndan icat edildi. Richard…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3105],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10705","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-icatlar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10705"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10705"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10705\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11110,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10705\/revisions\/11110"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10705"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10705"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10705"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}