{"id":10756,"date":"2018-01-08T00:00:33","date_gmt":"2018-01-07T22:00:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=10756"},"modified":"2018-03-08T12:24:00","modified_gmt":"2018-03-08T10:24:00","slug":"icatlar-i","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=10756","title":{"rendered":"A’dan Z’ye \u0130catlar – \u0130 harfi ile ba\u015flayan icatlar"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0130pek<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

\u0130pek, ilk olarak yakla\u015f\u0131k 4000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce \u00c7inliler taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130pek ipli\u011fi, dut a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n yapraklar\u0131 yiyen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir g\u00fcve olan ipekb\u00f6ce\u011fi kozas\u0131ndan yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00c7in efsanesine g\u00f6re, ilk ipek ipli\u011fi, \u00c7in \u0130mparatori\u00e7esi Si-Ling-Chi’nin dut a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda oturmas\u0131 ve bir kozan\u0131n \u00e7ay\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmesi \u00fczerine yap\u0131ld\u0131; \u00c7ay\u0131n kozan\u0131n gev\u015fek, ipeksi iplerini a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 fark etti. Daha sonra ipek kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n

\u0130plik E\u011firme Maknesi<\/strong><\/p>\n

James Hargreaves (1720? – 22 Nisan 1778) \u0130ngiliz dokumac\u0131s\u0131 ve ip e\u011firme operat\u00f6r\u00fc idi. Elle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00e7oklu e\u011firme makinesi\u00a0spinning jenny adl\u0131 makineyi icat etti.<\/p>\n

Spinning jenny, e\u011firme tekerle\u011finden \u00e7ok daha etkiliydi. Bir iplik makinesiyle, bir ki\u015fi ayn\u0131 anda sadece bir iplik \u00fcretebiliyordu. Hargreaves’in iplik e\u011firme makinesi ile, bir ki\u015fi ayn\u0131 anda sekiz iplik \u00fcretebiliyordu (iplik tekerle\u011fi ve ipliklerin sar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 8 i\u015f mili kulland\u0131). Jenni’nin \u00fcretti\u011fi iplik kaba idi ve sadece dolgu malzemesi i\u00e7in uygundu, ancak yine de olduk\u00e7a faydal\u0131 bir bulu\u015fdu ve daha iyi iplik e\u011firme makinelerinin yolunu a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n

Hargreaves’in, gen\u00e7 k\u0131z\u0131 Jenny’nin e\u011firme tekerle\u011fini devirmesinden sonra \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bulu\u015fu i\u00e7in fikir ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6yleniyor. E\u011firme tekeri devrilirken d\u00f6nmeye devam etti ve Hargreaves, birden fazla d\u00f6nen tekerle\u011fin bu \u015fekilde konumland\u0131rabilece\u011fini fark etti ve \u00e7ok tekerlekli bir e\u011firme makinesi yaratt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Hargreaves, Blackburn, Lancashire, \u0130ngiltere yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda evinden spinning jenny satmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulu\u015fu dinledikten sonra, yerel iplik\u00e7iler i\u015flerini kaybetmekten korktular ve Hargreaves’in evine zorla girerek\u00a0 spinning jenny makinesini par\u00e7alad\u0131lar. Bu olaydan sonra James Hargreaves 1768’de Nottingham, \u0130ngiltere’ye ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Thomas James Hargreaves iplik e\u011firme makinesi\u00a0 spinning jenny’e 12 Temmuz 1770’de patent ald\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130pek \u0130pek, ilk olarak yakla\u015f\u0131k 4000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce \u00c7inliler taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130pek ipli\u011fi, dut a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n yapraklar\u0131 yiyen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir g\u00fcve olan ipekb\u00f6ce\u011fi kozas\u0131ndan yap\u0131l\u0131r. \u00c7in efsanesine g\u00f6re, ilk ipek ipli\u011fi,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3105],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10756","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-icatlar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10756"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10756"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10756\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11097,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10756\/revisions\/11097"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10756"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10756"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10756"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}