{"id":11881,"date":"2018-09-23T23:08:56","date_gmt":"2018-09-23T21:08:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=11881"},"modified":"2018-10-03T00:03:57","modified_gmt":"2018-10-02T22:03:57","slug":"musluman-bilim-adamlari-ve-buluslari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=11881","title":{"rendered":"M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Bilim Adamlar\u0131 ve Bulu\u015flar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

Araplar, Persler ve T\u00fcrkler de dahil olmak \u00fczere M\u00fcsl\u00fcman bilim adamlar\u0131, mucitler ve bulu\u015flar\u0131. \u0130slam’\u0131n Alt\u0131n \u00c7a\u011f\u0131’n\u0131 ya\u015fatan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman bilim adamlar\u0131 Orta \u00c7a\u011f\u0131n karanl\u0131k d\u00f6nemini ya\u015fayan Avrupa’l\u0131 bilim adamlar\u0131ndan y\u00fczlerce y\u0131l \u00f6nde idi. Onlar Aristo felsefesinden, Neo-Platonistlerden\u00a0 ve yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Euclid, Ar\u015fimed, Ptolemy gibi kendilerinden \u00f6nce ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f antik \u00e7a\u011f filozof ve bilim adamlar\u0131ndan etkilendiler. M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar say\u0131s\u0131z ke\u015fif, bulu\u015f ve icat yapt\u0131lar ve t\u0131p, cerrahi, fizik, kimya, felsefe, astroloji, geometri ve di\u011fer \u00e7e\u015fitli alanlarda \u00e7ok say\u0131da \u00f6nemli kitaplar yazd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Bu yaz\u0131da, tarihin en \u00fcnl\u00fc m\u00fcsl\u00fcman bilim adamlar\u0131, mucitleri ve onlar\u0131n harika bulu\u015flar\u0131, ke\u015fifleri ve icatlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgi vermeyi ama\u00e7l\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n

F\u00e2r\u00e2b\u00ee<\/a><\/h4>\n

\"farabi\"<\/p>\n

Abu Nasr El-Farabi (872 \u2013 950), Bat\u0131 bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda Alpharabius olarak da bilinmektedir. Orta\u00e7a\u011f d\u00f6neminin \u00f6nde gelen d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrlerinden biri olarak kabul edilen Arap bilim adam\u0131 ve filozofdur.\u00a0Ebu Nasr Muhammed el Farabi, Plato ve Aristoteles’in doktrinlerini M\u00fcsl\u00fcman d\u00fcnyas\u0131na iletmede \u00f6nc\u00fc olan en eski \u0130slam entelekt\u00fcellerden biriydi.\u00a0Yunanca Aristo ve Plato eserlerini terc\u00fcme eden ve kendilerine hat\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131r katk\u0131lar yapan se\u00e7kin bir dilbilimciydi. Kendisine \u201c\u0130kinci Usta\u201d veya \u201c\u0130kinci \u00d6\u011fretmen\u201d anlam\u0131ndaki Mallim-e-Sani de denilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Battan\u00ee<\/h4>\n

\"battani\"<\/p>\n

El-Battani (858 \u2013 929), bat\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda Albatenius olarak da bilinir. Arap matematik\u00e7i, bilim adam\u0131 ve astronomdur. Y\u0131l\u0131n ve mevsimlerin uzunlu\u011fu i\u00e7in mevcut sitemi geli\u015ftirdi.\u00a0 489 y\u0131ld\u0131z kataloglad\u0131. Y\u0131l\u0131n uzunlu\u011fu i\u00e7in mevcut de\u011ferleri rafine etti ve 365 g\u00fcn 5 saat 46 dakika 24 saniye olarak hesaplad\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130bn-i Sina<\/h4>\n

\"\u0130bn-i-Sina\"<\/p>\n

Bat\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda \u201cAvicenna\u201d olarak bilinen \u0130bn-i Sina (980 \u2013 1037), t\u0131p, psikoloji ve farmakolojiden jeoloji, fizik, astronomi, kimyadan ve felsefeye kadar bir\u00e7ok alanda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 katk\u0131larla ger\u00e7ek bir polymatd\u0131. Ayn\u0131 zamanda bir\u00a0filozof, bir\u00a0 \u015fair, bir \u0130slam alimi ve ilahiyat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ibn Battuta<\/h4>\n

\"ibn-battuta\"<\/p>\n

Sem\u015f ad \u2013 Din olarak da bilinir. Tarihin en \u00fcnl\u00fc seyahat kitaplar\u0131ndan biri olan (R\u0131hlet-\u00fc \u0130bn Batt\u00fbta) Rihlah adl\u0131 seyahatnameyi yazan Fasl\u0131 gezgin ve bilim adam\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0Yolculuklar\u0131 neredeyse otuz y\u0131ld\u0131r s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f, bilinen t\u00fcm \u0130slam d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00f6tesini kapsamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130bn R\u00fc\u015fd<\/h4>\n

\"ibn-rusd\"<\/p>\n

\u0130spanya’n\u0131n Cordova kentinde 1128 y\u0131l\u0131nda do\u011fan Abu Walid Muhammed \u0130bn R\u00fc\u015fd, tarihin en b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcr ve bilim adamlar\u0131ndan biri olarak bilinmektedir. Bat\u0131 d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda Averroes ismi ile an\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0Aristoteles’in eserlerinin \u00e7o\u011fu ve Plato’nun felsefesi ile ilgili bir dizi \u00f6zet ve yorumlar \u00fcreten Arap filozof ve bilim adam\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0Aristoteles felsefesini \u0130slam d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

H\u00e2rizm\u00ee<\/a><\/h4>\n

\"al-khwarizmi\"<\/p>\n

Muhammad ibn Musa H\u00e2rizm\u00ee\u00a0(780 \u2013 850),\u00a0Algoritmi veya Algaurizin olarak da bilinen Fars bilim adam\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, Hindu-Arap rakamlar\u0131n\u0131 ve cebir kavramlar\u0131n\u0131 Avrupa matemati\u011fine tan\u0131tt\u0131. H\u00e2rizm\u00ee\u00a0matematikte algoritma kavram\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirdi (ki bu da baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n onu bilgisayar bilimlerinin dedesi olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n bir nedenidir).\u00a0Harizmi\u2019nin cebiri, bilimlerin temeli ve k\u00f6\u015fe ta\u015f\u0131 olarak kabul edilir. Hisab al-Jabr wa-al-Muqabala ile tan\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131 Cebir onu d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck matematik\u00e7ilerinden biri yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00d6mer Hayyam<\/h4>\n

\"omer-hayyam\"<\/p>\n

Omar Khayyam (1048 \u2013 1131),\u00a0Bilimsel ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131 ve Rubaiyat (\u201cquatrains\u201d) adl\u0131 eseri ile tan\u0131nan Farsl\u0131 bir astronom, astrolog, hekim, filozof, \u015fair ve matematik\u00e7idir.\u00a0MS 1072 y\u0131l\u0131nda, o g\u00fcne kadar hesaplanan en do\u011fru y\u0131l uzunlu\u011funu (modern d\u00fcnyada \u00e7o\u011fu ama\u00e7 i\u00e7in yeterince do\u011fru bir rakam) belgeledi. Cebire ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc katk\u0131larda bulundu. \u015eiirleri Bat\u0131\u2019da di\u011fer \u015fairlerden daha iyi bilinmektedir.<\/p>\n

Thabit ibn Qurra<\/h4>\n

\"thabit-ibn-qurra\"<\/p>\n

Al-Sabi Thabit ibn Kurey\u015f el-Harrani (836\u2013901), T\u00fcrkiye’de Harran’da do\u011fmu\u015f, astronomi \u00fczerine klasik Yunan eserlerini \u00e7evirdi\u011fi bilinen Arap astronom, doktor ve matematik\u00e7iydi. Ayr\u0131ca Thebit olarak da bilinir. Ptolemaik sistemin ilk reformcusu ve stati\u011fin kurucusu olarak bilinir.<\/p>\n

R\u00e2z\u00ee<\/h4>\n

\"al-razi\"<\/p>\n

Abu Bakr Al-Razi (865 \u2013 925), Rhazes olarak da bilinir. Tarihin en b\u00fcy\u00fck doktorlar\u0131ndan biri olan Farsl\u0131 simyac\u0131, kimyager ve filozofdur.\u00a0Antik \u00e7a\u011fa ait bir\u00e7ok kitab\u0131n \u00e7evirileri yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0Farkl\u0131 alanlarla alakal\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 200 kitap ve makalesi vard\u0131r.\u00a0Pediyatri’nin babas\u0131 olarak bilinir. Ayr\u0131ca g\u00f6z bilimleri konusunda da otorite kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Alkol ve gazya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bulan ve \u00e7i\u00e7ek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131zam\u0131ktan farkl\u0131 oldu\u011funu ilk ke\u015ffeden ki\u015fidir.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2bir bin Hayyan<\/h4>\n

\"Cabir-bin-Hayyan\"<\/p>\n

Jabir Ibn Haiyan (722 \u2013 804),\u00a0Geber olarak da bilinir. Arap kimyas\u0131n\u0131n babas\u0131d\u0131r, simya ve metalurji \u00fczerine son derece etkili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ile tan\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Kind\u00ee<\/h4>\n

\"al-kindi\"<\/p>\n

Ibn Ishaq Al-Kindi (801 \u2013 873),\u00a0Alkindus olarak da bilinir. M\u00fcsl\u00fcman filozoflar\u0131n ilki olarak bilinen Arap filozof ve bilim adam\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130bn-i Heysem<\/a><\/h4>\n

\"ibn-al-haytham\"<\/p>\n

Ibn Al-Haytham (965 \u2013 1040),\u00a0Alhazen olarak da bilinir. Arap astronomu ve matematik\u00e7i, optik prensiplerine \u00f6nemli katk\u0131lar\u0131 ve bilimsel y\u00f6ntemin ve deneylerin kullan\u0131m\u0131yla bilinir.<\/p>\n

\u0130bn-i Z\u00fchr<\/h4>\n

\"ibn-zuhr\"<\/p>\n

Avenzoar olarak da bilinir. Sevilla, \u0130spanya’da do\u011fmu\u015ftur.\u00a0Arap doktor ve cerraht\u0131r. \u00dcnl\u00fc kitab\u0131 Al-Taisir Fil-Mudawat Wal-Tadbeer (Terap\u00f6tik ve Diyetle \u0130lgili Basitle\u015ftirme) ile tan\u0131nmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130bn-i Haldun<\/h4>\n

\"ibn-i-haldun\"<\/p>\n

Ibn Khaldun (1332 \u2013 1406),\u00a0Tarihin en eski dini olmayan felsefelerinden birini geli\u015ftiren Tunuslu Arap tarih\u00e7isi. Genellikle modern tarih yaz\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n, sosyolojinin ve ekonominin \u00f6nc\u00fclerinden biri olarak kabul edilir.<\/p>\n

\u0130bn el-Baytar<\/h4>\n

\"ibn-al-baytar\"<\/p>\n

Abdullah bin Ahmed el-Baytar veya Ibn Al-Baitar (1197 \u2013 1248),\u00a0\u0130slam bilim adamlar\u0131n\u0131n Orta \u00c7a\u011f’da yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ke\u015fifleri sistematik olarak kaydeden Arap bilim adam\u0131, botanik\u00e7i ve hekim.\u00a0\u00a0\u0130slam’\u0131n Alt\u0131n \u00c7a\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcman Tar\u0131m Devrimi’nin en b\u00fcy\u00fck eczac\u0131 ve botanik\u00e7ilerinden biridir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Araplar, Persler ve T\u00fcrkler de dahil olmak \u00fczere M\u00fcsl\u00fcman bilim adamlar\u0131, mucitler ve bulu\u015flar\u0131. \u0130slam’\u0131n Alt\u0131n \u00c7a\u011f\u0131’n\u0131 ya\u015fatan M\u00fcsl\u00fcman bilim adamlar\u0131 Orta \u00c7a\u011f\u0131n karanl\u0131k d\u00f6nemini ya\u015fayan Avrupa’l\u0131 bilim adamlar\u0131ndan y\u00fczlerce…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11905,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[92,3117,2369],"tags":[3152,2797,3151,929,3154,3160,3155,1589,2738,3153,3159,3158,2697,3157,3156],"class_list":["post-11881","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim","category-bilim-insanlari","category-mucitler","tag-battani","tag-cabir-bin-hayyan","tag-farabi","tag-harizmi","tag-ibn-battuta","tag-ibn-el-baytar","tag-ibn-rusd","tag-ibn-i-haldun","tag-ibn-i-heysem","tag-ibn-i-sina","tag-ibn-i-zuhr","tag-kindi","tag-omer-hayyam","tag-razi","tag-thabit-ibn-qurra"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11881"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=11881"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11881\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12209,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11881\/revisions\/12209"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/11905"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=11881"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=11881"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=11881"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}