{"id":1191,"date":"2011-01-13T08:54:36","date_gmt":"2011-01-13T06:54:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=1191"},"modified":"2018-08-29T16:35:20","modified_gmt":"2018-08-29T14:35:20","slug":"masa-tenisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=1191","title":{"rendered":"Masa Tenisini kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Masa Tenisi \u0130ki veya d\u00f6rt ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ah\u015fap raket ve bo\u015f sel\u00fcloit topla oynanan kapal\u0131 salon oyunudur. Masa tenisi denince akla hemen \u00c7inliler gelir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu spor dal\u0131nda uluslararas\u0131 bir \u00e7ok ba\u015far\u0131ya imza atm\u0131\u015f olmalar\u0131 ve Masa tenisine \u00f6zel bir raket tutu\u015f \u015fekli bulmu\u015f olmalar\u0131d\u0131r san\u0131r\u0131m, ama Masa Tenisini bulanlar \u00c7inliler de\u011fildir. Peki masa tenisini kim icat etti?<\/p>\n<p>On dokuzuncu as\u0131rda ping-pong ad\u0131yla ilk def\u00e2 \u0130ngiltere\u2019de yemek masalar\u0131 \u00fczerinde oynanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Ayn\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131lda bilhassa \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin s\u00f6m\u00fcrgesi durumundaki Hindistan ve Uzakdo\u011fu\u2019da da oynand\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Bu d\u00f6nemde de\u011fi\u015fik kurallar\u0131n uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 oyun, standart masallarda oynanm\u0131yordu. 1926 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra masa tenisinde kullan\u0131lan raketlere p\u00fct\u00fcrl\u00fc lastik tak\u0131lmas\u0131yla ikinci d\u00f6nem ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f oldu. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l kurulan Milletleraras\u0131 Tenis Federasyonu (ITTF) oyunun belli k\u00e2idelerini tesbit etti. Federasyon net y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 15,25 cm, bir setin s\u00fcresini 15 dakika olarak s\u0131n\u0131rlad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Masa tenisinin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc d\u00f6nemi ise 1952 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bombay\u2019da yap\u0131lan D\u00fcny\u00e2 \u015eampiyonas\u0131nda ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul edilir. 1956\u2019da Tokyo\u2019da yap\u0131lan kongrede D\u00fcny\u00e2 \u015eampiyonalar\u0131n\u0131n iki y\u0131lda bir yap\u0131lmas\u0131; ara y\u0131llarda ise K\u0131ta \u015eampiyonalar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. 1959 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonraki zamanda bu spor dal\u0131 son \u015feklini ald\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Her ne kadar Masa Tenisi&#8217;nin bulunu\u015fu 1870 li y\u0131llara uzansa da olimpik bir spor dal\u0131 olarak kabul edilmesi olduk\u00e7a yenidir. Masa Masas\u0131, a\u011f\u0131 ve raketlerinden olu\u015fan tak\u0131mlar, ilk olarak John Jaques and Son Ltd. \u015firketi taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretildi ve &#8220;Gossima&#8221; ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda, Londra&#8217;da Hamley Bros ma\u011fazas\u0131nda sat\u0131\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Oyunun yarat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 James Gibb, 1870&#8217;li y\u0131llarda, Cambridge&#8217;de \u00f6\u011frenciyken, 4 milde \u0130ngiltere \u015fampiyonu olmu\u015f \u00fcnl\u00fc bir atletti. As\u0131l mesle\u011fi m\u00fchendislik olan Gibb, ayr\u0131ca Amat\u00f6r Atletizm Birli\u011fi&#8217;nin de kurucusuydu( 1880).Gossima&#8217;y\u0131 ne zaman buldu\u011fu, kesin olarak bilinmemekle birlikte, 1889 y\u0131l\u0131 \u00fczerinde duruluyor.<\/p>\n<p>Ya\u011fmurlu havalarda, Gibb ailesinin bireyleri, yemek odalar\u0131ndaki masada <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/sigarayi-kim-buldu\/\">sigara<\/a> kutular\u0131ndan yapt\u0131klar\u0131 raketlerle bu oyunu oynayarak vakit ge\u00e7iriyorlard\u0131. Top olarak da \u015fampanya \u015fi\u015felerinin mantarlar\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131yorlard\u0131. Mantarlar\u0131n bu i\u015f i\u00e7in yeterince uygun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6ren Bay Gibb, kau\u00e7uktan tenis toplan yapt\u0131 ve beyaz g\u00f6r\u00fcnmelerini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in \u00fczerlerini sigara k\u00e2\u011f\u0131d\u0131 ile kaplad\u0131. Ancak bu toplar da fazla a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131. Bunun \u00fczerine Gibb, sel\u00fcloid toplar\u0131 ak\u0131l etti. Amerika&#8217;daki Celluloid \u015firketine bu t\u00fcr bir top yap\u0131p yapamayacaklar\u0131n\u0131 bir mektupla sordu. \u015eirketten olumlu yan\u0131t al\u0131nca, buldu\u011fu oyunu pazarlamaya karar verdi. \u0130lk olarak, yap\u0131mc\u0131 Jeffries ile temasa ge\u00e7ti. Ancak Jeffries, bu oyuna pek ilgi g\u00f6stermedi. Gibb&#8217;in ikinci konu\u015ftu\u011fu ki\u015fi ise Jaques oldu. Bay Jaques, oyunu \u00e7ok sevmi\u015fti ama, Gossima ad\u0131n\u0131 pek tutmad\u0131. Kal\u0131c\u0131 bir isim olarak &#8220;Ping Pong&#8221;s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerini se\u00e7ti. Piyasaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan ilk ping-pong tak\u0131mlar\u0131 adeta kap\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131 ve 1901 y\u0131l\u0131nda t\u00fcm \u0130ngiltere&#8217;de en \u00e7ok oynanan oyun masatenisi oldu. ABD ve Avrupa \u00fclkeleri de bu yeni sporu \u00e7ok sevmi\u015fti. Sadece Frans\u0131zlar ping ponga \u0131s\u0131namad\u0131lar ve oyunu \u0130ngilizlerin ahlak de\u011ferlerindeki bir bozulman\u0131n i\u015fareti olarak nitelendirdiler.<\/p>\n<p>Olduk\u00e7a yayg\u0131n olarak hemen hemen d\u00fcny\u00e2n\u0131n her yerinde oynan\u0131r. \u0130lk zamanlar ping-pong ad\u0131 ile Avrupa ve ABD\u2019de yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ancak Birinci D\u00fcny\u00e2 Sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonra bu isim masa tenisi olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirildi ve milletleraras\u0131 standart bir oyun h\u00e2line getirildi. \u00d6ncelikle bu sporda Avrupal\u0131lar liderli\u011fi y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcrken 1952\u2019de Bombay D\u00fcny\u00e2 \u015eampiyonas\u0131nda Japonlar liderli\u011fi ald\u0131lar. Her ne kadar 1959\u2019da Dortmund\u2019da Bat\u0131 Almanya ve \u00c7in ba\u015fa ge\u00e7mi\u015flerse de 1961\u2019de Japonlar tekrar liderli\u011fi kazanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130lk masatenisi raketleri, d\u00fcz tahtadan yap\u0131l\u0131yordu. 1902 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bryan&#8217;s Atropos \u015firketi, bunlar\u0131n \u00fczerine lastik ge\u00e7irdi ve patentini ald\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Masatenisi dal\u0131nda faaliyet g\u00f6stermek \u00fczere kurulan ilk kul\u00fcp, &#8220;Cavendish Table Tennis Club&#8221;t\u0131r. 1900 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Ekim ay\u0131nda, Londra&#8217; da, Moorgate Caddesi 40 numarada faaliyete ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130lk Masatenisi turnuvas\u0131 Londra \u015eampiyonas\u0131 ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda, 14 Aral\u0131k 1901 g\u00fcn\u00fc, Royal Aquarium&#8217;da d\u00fczenlendi. Erkekleraras\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmada birincili\u011fi, R.D. Ayling ald\u0131. Bayanlararas\u0131 birincili\u011fi ise V. Eames kazand\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>1926\u2019da Milletleraras\u0131 Masa Tenisi Federasyonu (ITTF) kurulmu\u015ftur. 1970\u2019te \u00fcyesi 100\u2019e yakla\u015fan federasyon, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck federasyonlar\u0131ndan biri say\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Masa Tenisi \u0130ki veya d\u00f6rt ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ah\u015fap raket ve bo\u015f sel\u00fcloit topla oynanan kapal\u0131 salon oyunudur. Masa tenisi denince akla hemen \u00c7inliler gelir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu spor dal\u0131nda uluslararas\u0131&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10108,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[23],"tags":[1008,689,692,691,1009],"class_list":["post-1191","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-spor","tag-masa","tag-masa-tenisi","tag-ping-pong","tag-pinpon","tag-tenis"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1191"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1191"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1191\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11755,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1191\/revisions\/11755"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10108"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1191"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1191"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1191"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}