Bir ay\u0131 yavrusu model al\u0131narak yap\u0131lan oyuncaklardan, biri Almanya’da, di\u011feri Amerika’da faaliyet g\u00f6steren iki ayr\u0131 firma taraf\u0131ndan 1902 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fcretilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. Her iki firma da, \u00fcretime kendilerinin daha \u00f6nce ge\u00e7ti\u011fini iddia ettiyse de, bu konuda kesin bir kan\u0131t bulunamad\u0131.<\/p>\n
1902 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n 18 Kas\u0131m g\u00fcn\u00fc, “Washington Evening Star” gazetesinde bir \u00e7izgi resim yay\u0131nland\u0131. Clifford Berryman taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7izilen bu resimde, d\u00f6nemin ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Theodore “Teddy<\/strong>” Roosevelt, elinde bir ay\u0131 yavrusuyla birlikte g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyordu.<\/p>\n Mississippi eyaletinin Louisiana ile olan bir s\u0131n\u0131r anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemek i\u00e7in b\u00f6lgeye gelen Roosevelt, bir av partisi s\u0131ras\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kan bir ay\u0131 yavrusunu vurmay\u0131p, kuca\u011f\u0131na alm\u0131\u015f ve sevmi\u015fti. Berryman’\u0131n \u00e7izdi\u011fi resim, i\u015fte bu sahneyi yans\u0131t\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n Ayn\u0131 resmin ba\u015fka gazetelerde de yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 \u00fczerine Ba\u015fkan\u0131n bu hayvan sevgisine hayran olanlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7ok fazla oldu. Bunlardan biri de, Morris Mitchom<\/strong> adl\u0131 bir Rus g\u00f6\u00e7meniydi. Mitchom, Brooklyn’deki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131nda, kendisinin ve kar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n tamamen el eme\u011fiyle \u00fcrettikleri oyuncaklar\u0131 satarak ge\u00e7imini sa\u011flamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu. O\u011flu Benjamin’in, daha sonra anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, Morris Mitchom; Berryman’\u0131n \u00e7izdi\u011fi resimdeki sevimli ay\u0131 yavrusunu derhal \u00fc\u00e7 boyutlu hale getirmeye karar verdi. Kollan ve bacaklar\u0131 hareket edebilecek bi\u00e7imde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir oyuncak ay\u0131y\u0131, gazeteden kesti\u011fi kup\u00fcrle birlikte d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131n\u0131n vitrinine koydu ve alt\u0131na, “Teddy’nin ay\u0131s\u0131” diye yazd\u0131. Ne var ki, otoriter bir \u00fclkeden ABD’ye gelen Mitchom’un i\u00e7i rahat de\u011fildi. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131’n\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131, kendi \u00fcretti\u011fi bir oyunca\u011f\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n B\u00fct\u00fcn cesaretini toplay\u0131p Beyaz Saray’a bir mektup yazd\u0131 ve “Say\u0131n Ba\u015fkan”\u0131n, isminin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda ne d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc sordu. Ba\u015fkan’\u0131n kendi elyaz\u0131s\u0131yla gelen yan\u0131tta, Mitchom’un istedi\u011fi izin \u015fu s\u00f6zlerle veriliyordu: “Ad\u0131m\u0131n oyuncak bir ayaya fazla bir \u015fey kazand\u0131raca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sanm\u0131yorum. Ama, onu diledi\u011finiz gibi kullanmakta da serbestsiniz.” Bu mektup e\u011fer bulunabilseydi, Morris Mitchom’un bu konudaki \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karacakt\u0131. Ancak, b\u00fcy\u00fck o\u011flu Joseph Mitchom’un evraklar\u0131 aras\u0131nda olmas\u0131 gereken mektup, onun 1951 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00f6lmesinden sonra bulunamad\u0131.<\/p>\n 1903 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Butler Bros firmas\u0131 (toptan oyuncak satan bir kurulu\u015f), Mitchom’un \u00fcretti\u011fi t\u00fcm “Teddy ay\u0131lar\u0131”n\u0131 sat\u0131n ald\u0131. \u00dcstelik, daha sonra \u00fcretece\u011fi ay\u0131lar\u0131 almay\u0131 da garanti etti. O y\u0131l ile 1938 y\u0131l\u0131 aras\u0131nda firma, “Ideal Toy Co.” ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck oyuncak \u00fcreticisi oldu. Almanlar ise Teddy ay\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131m\u0131 onurunu, 1880 y\u0131l\u0131nda Margarete Steiff taraf\u0131ndan Giengen kentinde kurulan Steiff \u015firketine verirler. Bayan Steiff, o y\u0131l oyuncak filler yaparak meslek ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131. 1902 y\u0131l\u0131na gelindi\u011finde, Steiff’lerin at\u00f6lyesinde oyuncak kediler, k\u00f6pekler, domuzlar, e\u015fekler, atlar ve develer \u00fcretiliyordu. Ama, hen\u00fcz ay\u0131 yap\u0131m\u0131 yoktu. O y\u0131l Bayan Steiff in sanat \u00f6\u011frenimi g\u00f6ren ye\u011feni Richard, \u00f6\u011frencilik y\u0131llar\u0131nda Stuttgart Hayvanat Bah\u00e7esi’nde bol bol izledi\u011fi ay\u0131lardan esinlererek, kafas\u0131, kollar\u0131 ve bacaklar\u0131 hareket edebilen bir oyuncak ay\u0131 modeli yapt\u0131. Halas\u0131, bundan pek ho\u015flanmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ertesi y\u0131l a\u00e7\u0131lan Leipzig Fuar\u0131’na gelen ziyaret\u00e7iler de \u00f6yle. Ama fuar\u0131n son g\u00fcn\u00fcnde Steiff in sergisini gezen bir Amerikan \u015firketinin (bu \u015firketin ad\u0131 hi\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131klanmad\u0131) temsilcisi, g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc oyunca\u011fa bay\u0131ld\u0131 ve 3 bin adet sipari\u015f verdi.<\/p>\n \u00d6yk\u00fcn\u00fcn bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne kadar Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n bir itiraz\u0131 yok. Ancak, Almanlar, yapt\u0131klar\u0131 oyuncak ay\u0131lara “Teddy” ad\u0131n\u0131 verdiklerini iddia edince, tart\u0131\u015fma ba\u015fl\u0131yor. Almanlar\u0131n bu konuda ortaya koyduklar\u0131 kan\u0131t ise \u015fu: “Ba\u015fkas\u0131 Roosevelt’in k\u0131z\u0131 Alice Roosevelt’in d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcnde, gelin odas\u0131 birka\u00e7 oyuncak ay\u0131 ile s\u00fcslenmi\u015f. Bu ay\u0131lar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fc de Steiff \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc imi\u015f. Ba\u015fkan’a, bunlar\u0131n ne oldu\u011fu sorulunca, ‘Yeni \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Ad\u0131na Teddy ay\u0131s\u0131 diyorlar’ demi\u015f. Steiff’in \u00f6v\u00fcn\u00e7 duyarak anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu \u00f6yk\u00fcye, Amerika’dan baz\u0131 itirazlar y\u00fckseliyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Alice Roosevelt’in a\u011fabeyi Archibald Roosevelt, d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn s\u0131ras\u0131ndaki oyuncak ay\u0131lar\u0131 do\u011fruluyor ama, onlar\u0131n Alman mal\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kesinlikle emin oldu\u011funu vurguluyor. Roosevelt Birli\u011fi de, o d\u00f6nemde Rooseveltlerin bir Alman ay\u0131s\u0131 alm\u0131\u015f olamayacaklar\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyor.”<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Bir ay\u0131 yavrusu model al\u0131narak yap\u0131lan oyuncaklardan, biri Almanya’da, di\u011feri Amerika’da faaliyet g\u00f6steren iki ayr\u0131 firma taraf\u0131ndan 1902 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fcretilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. Her iki firma da, \u00fcretime kendilerinin daha \u00f6nce ge\u00e7ti\u011fini…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[1005,699],"class_list":["post-1202","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-eglence","tag-oyuncak","tag-oyuncak-ayi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1202"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1202"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1202\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6954,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1202\/revisions\/6954"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1202"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1202"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1202"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}