Muhammed ibn Musa el-H\u00e2rizm\u00ee, Farsl\u0131 bir matematik\u00e7i, astronom, astrolog co\u011frafyac\u0131 ve Ba\u011fdat’taki\u00a0bir bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve \u00f6\u011fretim merkezi Beyt’\u00fcl Hikme<\/strong> (Bilgelik Evi)’nin bir alimi idi. 780 y\u0131l\u0131 civar\u0131nda Pers’te Harezm b\u00f6lgesinde bulunan Hive \u015fehrinde do\u011fdu. H\u00e2rizm\u00ee,\u00a0 Bilgelik Evinde bulunan en \u00f6nemli islam alimleriden<\/a> birisiydi. H\u00e2rizm\u00ee, Beyt’\u00fcl Hikme’nin bir \u00f6\u011frencisi olarak Binbir Gece Masallar\u0131 hikayesi ile \u00fcnl\u00fc Abbasi Halifesi Harun Re\u015fid’in o\u011flu Kalif al-Mamun’un \u00f6nderli\u011finde geli\u015fti.<\/p>\n H\u00e2rizm\u00ee matematikte algoritma kavram\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirdi ki bu da baz\u0131lar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan bilgisayar bilimlerinin dedesi olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n bir nedenidir.<\/p>\n H\u00e2rizm\u00ee \u2019nin cebiri, t\u00fcm bilimlerin temeli ve k\u00f6\u015fe ta\u015f\u0131 olarak kabul edilir. Cebir kelimesi ve hesaplamalar\u0131, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck matematiksel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndan biri olan Hisab al-Jabr wa-al-Muqabala<\/strong>\u00a0(Cebir Hesab\u0131 ve S\u00f6yle\u015fi) eseri ile d\u00fcnya bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirdi. 12’nci as\u0131rda Cremona’l\u0131 Gerard ve Chester’l\u0131 Robert taraf\u0131ndan iki kez Latince’ye \u00e7evrilmi\u015f olan kitap, geometrik \u00f6rnekler oldu\u011fu kadar analizle de birka\u00e7 y\u00fcz basit ikinci dereceden denklemleri a\u00e7\u0131klamaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, miras\u0131 b\u00f6lme ve arazi parsellerini inceleme y\u00f6ntemleri hakk\u0131nda \u00f6nemli b\u00f6l\u00fcmlere de sahiptir. Bu terim \u015fimdi anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, cebirsel de\u011fil, pratik hesaplama problemlerini \u00e7\u00f6zme y\u00f6ntemleri ile ilgiliydi.<\/p>\n H\u00e2rizm\u00ee cebir ile ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 birinci ve ikinci dereceden denklemlerle s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rarak tamamlad\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca, astronomi \u00fczerine \u00f6nemli bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yazd\u0131. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda takvimleri inceledi, g\u00fcne\u015fin ger\u00e7ek konumlar\u0131n\u0131, ay ve gezegenleri, sin\u00fcs ve tanjant tablolar\u0131n\u0131, k\u00fcresel astronomi, astrolojik tablolar, paralaks ve tutulma hesaplamalar\u0131 yapt\u0131 ve ay\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc hesaplad\u0131. Onun astronomik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 Zij al-sindhind<\/strong>, di\u011fer bilim adamlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na temel olu\u015fturdu. Cebir ile oldu\u011fu kadar, onun ana ilgisi hala Arap\u00e7a en eski bilimsel Arap eserleri oldu.<\/p>\n En tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f eseri ve onun ad\u0131yla an\u0131lan matematiksel konsept olan Algoritmad\u0131r. Algoritma kelimesinin modern anlam\u0131, belirli bir problemi \u00e7\u00f6zmek i\u00e7in \u00f6zel bir y\u00f6ntem uygulamakt\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn, insanlar H\u00e2rizm\u00ee ‘nin yakla\u015f\u0131k 1200 y\u0131l \u00f6nce yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 metinde yer alan ilkeleri kullanmaktad\u0131r. H\u00e2rizm\u00ee , Arap rakamlar\u0131n\u0131 Bat\u0131’ya tan\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in de \u00fcnl\u00fcd\u00fcr. Dokuz Arap rakam\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7an ve s\u0131f\u0131r<\/a> i\u015faretiyle birlikte ba\u015flayan bir s\u00fcrecin mimar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yan H\u00e2rizm\u00ee’nin orta\u00e7a\u011f co\u011frafyas\u0131na da katk\u0131s\u0131 vard\u0131r. Batlamyus’un (Ptolemy<\/em>) co\u011frafyadaki ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131, Surat al-Ard (Yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn \u015eekli) olarak bilinen kendi \u00f6zg\u00fcn bulgular\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak d\u00fczeltti ve sistemle\u015ftirdi. El yazmalar\u0131 var olsa da haritalar bulunamad\u0131. Fakat Modern akademisyenler, H\u00e2rizm\u00ee ‘nin yaz\u0131lar\u0131ndaki a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131ndan yola \u00e7\u0131karak haritalar\u0131 yeniden \u00e7izdiler. O zaman \u201cbilinen d\u00fcnya\u201d n\u0131n haritas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan 70 co\u011frafyac\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etti. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 Avrupa’da Latince \u00e7evrildikten sonra, Bat\u0131’da bilimin geli\u015fimi \u00fczerinde kal\u0131c\u0131 bir iz b\u0131rakt\u0131.<\/p>\n H\u00e2rizm\u00ee , Hint ve Helenistik \u00f6nc\u00fclerden miras ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcne\u015f saatleri teorisi ve in\u015fas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli geli\u015fmeler sa\u011flad\u0131. Bu aletler i\u00e7in \u00f6zel hesaplamalar yapmak i\u00e7in gereken s\u00fcreyi \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde k\u0131saltan tablolar yapt\u0131. G\u00fcne\u015f saati evrenseldi ve D\u00fcnya’daki herhangi bir yerden g\u00f6r\u00fclebiliyordu. O andan itibaren, ibadet zaman\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in g\u00fcne\u015f saatleri camilere yerle\u015ftirildi. A\u00e7\u0131sal g\u00f6zlemler ile ilgili ve\u00a0bir nesnenin do\u011frusal y\u00fcksekli\u011fini saptamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir alet olan G\u00f6lge Karesi<\/strong>, H\u00e2rizm\u00ee taraf\u0131ndan dokuzuncu y\u00fczy\u0131lda Ba\u011fdat’ta icat edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n As\u0131l katk\u0131lar\u0131 orijinal ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 sonu\u00e7land\u0131rmak oldu. Bu alanlardaki mevcut bilgileri Yunanca, Hint\u00e7e ve di\u011fer kaynaklardan sentezlemek i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u015fey yapt\u0131. H\u00e2rizm\u00ee Yahudi takvimi \u00fczerine ve\u00a0 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 astroloji \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerinde kullan\u0131lan usturlap gibi aletler \u00fczerine eserler de yazd\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f ki\u015filerin bur\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren politik bir tarih kitab\u0131 yazd\u0131.<\/p>\n \u0130slam k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn en tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bilimsel ak\u0131llar\u0131ndan biri olarak hat\u0131rlanaak olan\u00a0H\u00e2rizm\u00ee 850 y\u0131l\u0131nda 70 ya\u015flar\u0131nda Ba\u011fdat’ta vefat etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" H\u00e2rizm\u00ee, hayat\u0131, algoritma, cebir ve denklem hesab\u0131 \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, matemati\u011fe ve bilime katk\u0131lar\u0131 Muhammed ibn Musa el-H\u00e2rizm\u00ee, Farsl\u0131 bir matematik\u00e7i, astronom, astrolog co\u011frafyac\u0131 ve Ba\u011fdat’taki\u00a0bir bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve \u00f6\u011fretim merkezi…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":9006,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3117],"tags":[1346,188,929],"class_list":["post-12049","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim-insanlari","tag-algoritma","tag-cebir","tag-harizmi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12049"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=12049"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12049\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12064,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12049\/revisions\/12064"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/9006"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=12049"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=12049"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=12049"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Cebir<\/a><\/h3>\n
Algoritma<\/a><\/h3>\n
Co\u011frafya<\/h4>\n
Astronomi<\/h4>\n
Astroloji<\/h4>\n
H\u00e2rizm\u00ee’nin \u00d6l\u00fcm\u00fc<\/h4>\n