{"id":1208,"date":"2011-01-13T18:04:33","date_gmt":"2011-01-13T16:04:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=1208"},"modified":"2018-03-10T23:14:45","modified_gmt":"2018-03-10T21:14:45","slug":"telefon-santrali","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=1208","title":{"rendered":"Telefon Santralini kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0130lk telefon<\/a> santrali 28 Ocak 1878 g\u00fcn\u00fc, Connecticut’ta, New Haven kentinde hizmete a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Santral\u0131n operat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, George Willard Coy yap\u0131yordu. Aboneleri birbirine ba\u011flayan Coy, telefonu a\u00e7an ki\u015filere, \u00f6nce “Ahoy… Ahoy” diyordu. Daha sonra bu s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn yerini “alo” ald\u0131 ve zamanla t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyaya yay\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk kad\u0131n santral memuresi ise Bayan Emma Nutt’tur. Bayan Nutt, 1 Eyl\u00fcl 1878 g\u00fcn\u00fc, Boston’da Edwin Holmes taraf\u0131ndan faaliyete ge\u00e7irilen telefon i\u015fletmesinin santral\u0131nda g\u00f6revine ba\u015flad\u0131. 1880’li y\u0131llara gelindi\u011finde, t\u00fcm santral g\u00f6revlileri, kad\u0131nlardan se\u00e7ildi.<\/p>\n

Otomatik Telefon Santrali<\/strong>‘nin patenti, 12 Mart 1889 g\u00fcn\u00fc Kansas kentinde cenaze levaz\u0131mat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapan Almon B. Strowger taraf\u0131ndan al\u0131nd\u0131. Strowger, otomatik santral yapmay\u0131, mesle\u011fini kurtarabilmek amac\u0131yla kafas\u0131na koymu\u015ftu. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, en \u00f6nemli rakibinin e\u015fi, Kansas kentinin telefon santral\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu ve Strowger’i arayan m\u00fc\u015fterileri kocas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131yordu. Bu durumu engelleyebilmek i\u00e7in ba\u015fka \u00e7are bulamayan Storwger,\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131rd\u0131 ve sonunda otomatik telefon santral\u0131 yapmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Strowger taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretilen otomatik telefon santrallar\u0131ndan ilk, 3 Kas\u0131m 1892 g\u00fcn\u00fc La Porte Postanesinde hizmete girdi. \u00c7ok k\u0131sa bir zaman i\u00e7inde,. ABD’nin her k\u00f6\u015fesinde yayg\u0131nla\u015fan bu yeni bulu\u015fa halk, “k\u0131zs\u0131z telefon” ad\u0131n\u0131 takt\u0131. Bu santrala ba\u011flanan telefonlar\u0131n \u00fczerinde, numara yerine \u00fc\u00e7 ayr\u0131 tu\u015f vard\u0131. Bu tu\u015flardan birincisi, birler basama\u011f\u0131n\u0131, ikincisi onlar basama\u011f\u0131n\u0131, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc ise y\u00fczler basama\u011f\u0131n\u0131 temsil ediyordu. \u00d6rne\u011fin, 389 numaral\u0131 telefonu arayabilmek i\u00e7in, y\u00fczler basama\u011f\u0131na ait tu\u015fa \u00fc\u00e7 kez, onlar basama\u011f\u0131na ait tu\u015fa sekiz kez, birler basama\u011f\u0131na ait tu\u015fa da dokuz kez basmak gerekiyordu. Hangi tu\u015fa ka\u00e7 kez bast\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 unutan baz\u0131 dalg\u0131n ki\u015filerin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na s\u0131k s\u0131k, arad\u0131klar\u0131 yerlerle ilgisi olmayan ki\u015fi ya da kurulu\u015flar \u00e7\u0131kabiliyordu.<\/p>\n

\u00dczerinde “numara kadran\u0131” olan ve bu numaralar\u0131n \u00e7evrilmesiyle aranan telefon, ilk kez 1896 y\u0131l\u0131nda Milwaukee eyaletinde, City Hall kentinde, P.A.X. adl\u0131 \u00f6zel telefon \u015firketi taraf\u0131ndan hizmete sokuldu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130lk telefon santrali 28 Ocak 1878 g\u00fcn\u00fc, Connecticut’ta, New Haven kentinde hizmete a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Santral\u0131n operat\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, George Willard Coy yap\u0131yordu. Aboneleri birbirine ba\u011flayan Coy, telefonu a\u00e7an ki\u015filere, \u00f6nce “Ahoy… Ahoy” diyordu….<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1004,704,709,703],"class_list":["post-1208","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-teknoloji","tag-santral","tag-santralin-icadi","tag-telefon","tag-telefon-santrali"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1208"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1208"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1208\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11304,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1208\/revisions\/11304"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1208"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1208"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1208"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}