{"id":1391,"date":"2011-01-26T07:13:26","date_gmt":"2011-01-26T05:13:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=1391"},"modified":"2016-12-26T22:38:52","modified_gmt":"2016-12-26T20:38:52","slug":"trafik-isaretlerini-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=1391","title":{"rendered":"Trafik i\u015faretlerini kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0130ngiltere’de, b\u00f6lgesel bisiklet kul\u00fcpleri taraf\u0131ndan 1879 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Aral\u0131k ay\u0131nda karayollar\u0131n\u0131n kimi b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerine tak\u0131ld\u0131. Tahta direkler \u00fczerine metal plakalar \u00e7ak\u0131larak elde edilen bu ilk trafik i\u015faretlerinin \u00fczerinde \u015fu uyar\u0131 vard\u0131:<\/p>\n

“B\u0130S\u0130KLET\u00c7\u0130LER, D\u0130KKAT. BU TEPE TEHL\u0130KEL\u0130D\u0130R” \u0130lk y\u0131l yapt\u0131r\u0131lan 25 uyar\u0131n\u0131n nerelere \u00e7ak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tam olarak bilinemiyor. Arabalar i\u00e7in “ilk trafik i\u015fareti” ise, 1901 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Ekim ay\u0131nda il y\u00f6netiminden gerekli izin al\u0131narak \u0130ngiltere’nin Gloucester kentinde Birdlip Tepesi’ne tak\u0131ld\u0131. Bu uyar\u0131 i\u015faretini Kraliyet Otomobil <\/a>Kul\u00fcb\u00fc haz\u0131rlatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Yerel yetkililer taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlat\u0131lan trafik i\u015faretlerinin karayollar\u0131na konulmas\u0131 ise 1903 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan Motorlu Ara\u00e7lar Yasas\u0131’ndan sonra ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131. 10 Mart 1904 g\u00fcn\u00fc, trafik i\u015faretlerinin bi\u00e7imlerine ili\u015fkin \u00f6neriler yay\u0131nland\u0131. Ancak, yerel yetkililer bu \u00f6nerilere uyup uymamak konusunda serbesttiler. S\u00f6z konusu \u00f6nerilerde, 45 cm \u00e7ap\u0131ndaki yuvarlak metal tabakalar \u00fczerinde etraf\u0131 beyaz bir \u00e7ember i\u00e7inde h\u0131z s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 zemin \u00fczerinde \u00e7e\u015fitli yasaklar, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7gen zemin \u00fczerinde \u00e7e\u015fitli uyar\u0131lar bulunuyordu. Ancak yukar\u0131da da belirtti\u011fimiz gibi, yerel yetkililer, bu \u00f6nerileri dikkate al\u0131p almamakta kesinlikle serbesttiler. Pek \u00e7o\u011fu da dikkate almad\u0131. Bunun do\u011fal bir sonucu ‘olarak, \u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fik bi\u00e7im ve renkte trafik sinyalleri t\u00fcredi. Bunlar y\u00f6reden y\u00f6reye \u00f6ylesine farkl\u0131l\u0131klar g\u00f6steriyorlard\u0131 ki, bir yerden bir ba\u015fka yere ilk kez giden bir s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn yoldaki i\u015faretleri arabas\u0131yla giderken \u00e7abucak g\u00f6r\u00fcp kavrayabilmesi olanaks\u0131zd\u0131. 1930 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan bir yasa ile, \u00fclkenin her taraf\u0131nda tek tip trafik i\u015faretleri kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Belirli say\u0131da da olsa, ilk ulusal nitelikteki trafik i\u015fareti uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flatan \u00fclke Fransa’d\u0131r. 1903 y\u0131l\u0131nda Otomobilciler Derne\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlan\u0131p, Fransa’n\u0131n her yerinde ge\u00e7erli olan tek tip trafik i\u015faretlerinden baz\u0131lar\u0131, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde de kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar, “Sola d\u00f6n”, “Sa\u011fa d\u00f6n”, “K\u00f6pr\u00fc”, “E\u011fimli yol”dur.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk uluslararas\u0131 karayolu trafik levhalar\u0131 ise, 1909 y\u0131l\u0131nda Paris’te toplanan Uluslararas\u0131 Motorlu Ara\u00e7lar Konvansiyonu’nda saptand\u0131. Avrupa’n\u0131n pek \u00e7ok \u00fclkesi bu toplant\u0131ya kat\u0131ld\u0131 ve al\u0131nan kararlan uygulad\u0131. \u0130ngiltere ise toplant\u0131ya kat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Paris’te al\u0131nan kararlardan yaln\u0131zca be\u015f tanesini 1929 y\u0131l\u0131nda uygulamaya koydu.<\/p>\n

Halen t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada kullan\u0131lan karayolu trafik i\u015faretleri de boyut, bi\u00e7im ve anlat\u0131m olarak 1949 y\u0131l\u0131nda Cenevre’de yap\u0131lan Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler Karayolu Ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131 Konferans\u0131’nda saptand\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130ngiltere’de, b\u00f6lgesel bisiklet kul\u00fcpleri taraf\u0131ndan 1879 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Aral\u0131k ay\u0131nda karayollar\u0131n\u0131n kimi b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerine tak\u0131ld\u0131. Tahta direkler \u00fczerine metal plakalar \u00e7ak\u0131larak elde edilen bu ilk trafik i\u015faretlerinin \u00fczerinde \u015fu uyar\u0131 vard\u0131: “B\u0130S\u0130KLET\u00c7\u0130LER,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[731],"class_list":["post-1391","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-otomobil","tag-trafik-isaretleri"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1391"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1391"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1391\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7470,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1391\/revisions\/7470"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1391"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1391"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1391"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}