\u0130ngiltere’nin Yorkshire kentinde d\u00fcnyaya gelen John Bell’dir. Bell, 1789 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Haziran ay\u0131nda, eski i\u015f orta\u011f\u0131 Y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131 Edward Topham’a s\u00f6zl\u00fc bir sava\u015f a\u00e7abilmek i\u00e7in “The Oracle” ya da “Bell’s New World” ad\u0131nda bir gazete \u00e7\u0131karmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. 1793 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n \u015eubat ay\u0131nda Fransa, \u0130ngiltere’ye sava\u015f ilan etti.<\/p>\n
Ayn\u0131 ay i\u00e7inde, se\u00e7me alaylardaki piyade askerlere yay\u0131n yoluyla hakaret etti\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle Bell aleyhine bir dava a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. Duru\u015fmaya gitmeyi reddedince, b\u00fct\u00fcn malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131na el konuldu ve bunlar a\u00e7\u0131k art\u0131rma yoluyla sat\u0131ld\u0131. Elinde yaln\u0131z gazetesi kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bunun \u00fczerine eski servetine yeniden kavu\u015fabilmek i\u00e7in, tek \u00e7arenin gazetenin tiraj\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fckseltmek oldu\u011funa karar verdi ve sava\u015f\u0131 yerinde izlemek \u00fczere cepheye gitti. Ancak, cephede \u0130ngiliz askerlerinin yan\u0131nda de\u011fil, d\u00fc\u015fman saflar\u0131nda yer ald\u0131. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 bunu bir ihanet olarak kabul ederken, baz\u0131lar\u0131 da, d\u00fc\u015fman hatlar\u0131n\u0131 en iyi haber kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirdiler.<\/p>\n
O g\u00fcnlerde bas\u0131n\u0131n sava\u015f haberlerini vermek i\u00e7in buldu\u011fu en kolay yol, yabanc\u0131 ajanslardan gelen haberleri aktarmakt\u0131. Birka\u00e7 gazete ise, sava\u015f alan\u0131na en yak\u0131n ba\u015fkentten gelen haberleri \u2014daha do\u011frusu dedikodular\u0131\u2014 vermekle yetindiler. Ama The Oracle’in okurlar\u0131, sava\u015f hakk\u0131ndaki en ger\u00e7ek haberleri, ilk elden al\u0131yorlard\u0131. B\u00f6ylece, \u00f6teki gazeteler haberleri atlarken ya da de\u011fi\u015fik bi\u00e7imde verirken, onlar, Bell’in kaleminden \u0130ngilizlerin Le Cateau-Cambresis, Villiers-en-Cauche ve Troixelle’de kazand\u0131klar\u0131 zaferlerle, Torunay’daki b\u00fcy\u00fck hezimeti \u00f6\u011frendiler.<\/p>\n
O d\u00f6nemde, b\u00fcy\u00fck tiraj kayb\u0131na u\u011frayan “The Times” gazetesi, Bell’i, “Robespierre’in kanl\u0131 bir uydusu ve Jacobin k\u00fcf\u00fcrlerin sesi” olmakla su\u00e7lad\u0131lar. Ger\u00e7i bu \u00e7ok a\u011f\u0131r su\u00e7lamalar\u0131 kan\u0131tlayabilecek herhangi bir durum yoktu ama, yine de Bell’in o d\u00f6nemin anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7ok ters bir bi\u00e7imde d\u00fc\u015fman saflar\u0131nda ellerini kollar\u0131n\u0131 sallayarak nas\u0131l gezebildi\u011fi de merak konusuydu.<\/p>\n
1794-1795 k\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki b\u00fcy\u00fck ricat ba\u015flay\u0131nca, Bell, yaz\u0131 i\u015fleri m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki g\u00fcvenli koltu\u011funa d\u00f6nmenin zaman\u0131n\u0131n geldi\u011fine karar verdi. A\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r, daha sonra ba\u015fta kendisini \u00e7ok ele\u015ftiren The Times olmak \u00fczere, bir\u00e7ok yay\u0131n organ\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan izlendi. The Times, 1808’deki sava\u015fta, Henry Crabb Robinson’u g\u00f6revlendirdi. Ayn\u0131 gazete, K\u0131r\u0131m Sava\u015f\u0131’na da William Howard Russell’\u0131 g\u00f6nderdi. Mezar ta\u015f\u0131nda, “sava\u015f muhabirlerinin ilki ve en b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fc” yazan Russell, K\u0131r\u0131m’dan g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi haber arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla, ger\u00e7ekten bir ulusal kahraman haline geldi ve sava\u015f alan\u0131ndan haberleri telgrafla ge\u00e7en ilk muhabir oldu. Sava\u015f alan\u0131ndan telefonla haber ge\u00e7en ilk gazeteci de, The Times’tan bir muhabir oldu. “The Times’in temsilcisi, \u0130kinci Afgan Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, 19 Nisan 1880 g\u00fcn\u00fc meydana gelen \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalarda, General Sir Donald Stewart’\u0131n u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yenilgiyi heliyograf arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla cephe gerisine anlatt\u0131. Bu bilgiler, \u00f6nce sahra telgraf\u0131, sonra da ticari hatlarla Londra’ya ula\u015ft\u0131 ve ertesi g\u00fcn gazetede yay\u0131nland\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0130ngiltere’nin Yorkshire kentinde d\u00fcnyaya gelen John Bell’dir. Bell, 1789 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Haziran ay\u0131nda, eski i\u015f orta\u011f\u0131 Y\u00fczba\u015f\u0131 Edward Topham’a s\u00f6zl\u00fc bir sava\u015f a\u00e7abilmek i\u00e7in “The Oracle” ya da “Bell’s New World”…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[345],"tags":[978,977,961,741],"class_list":["post-1410","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-askeri","tag-gazetecilik","tag-muhabirlik","tag-savas","tag-savas-muhabirligi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1410"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1410"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1410\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6465,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1410\/revisions\/6465"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1410"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1410"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1410"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}