{"id":2287,"date":"2012-01-01T02:21:30","date_gmt":"2012-01-01T00:21:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=2287"},"modified":"2018-02-14T20:42:36","modified_gmt":"2018-02-14T18:42:36","slug":"adrenalini-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=2287","title":{"rendered":"Adrenalini kim buldu, kim ke\u015ffetti"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Adrenalin b\u00f6brekler \u00fczerinde bulunan endokrin bezleri, yani b\u00f6brek \u00fcst\u00fc bezleri taraf\u0131ndan s\u00fcrekli ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck miktarlarda salg\u0131lanan \u00f6nemli\u00a0 bir hormondur. Anksiyete, tehlike, m\u00fccadele ve stres durumlar\u0131 b\u00f6brek\u00fcst\u00fc bezlerini tetikler ve adrenalin \u00fcretimi artar. Artan adrenalin \u00fcretimi beyine mesajlar yollayarak tetikte olma, kan bas\u0131nc\u0131, enerji d\u00fczeyi, kalp h\u0131z\u0131 ve kuvveti artt\u0131r\u0131r. <em>Adrenalin, laboratuvarlarda sentez yoluyla elde edilen ilk hormondur<\/em>.<\/p>\n<h2>Adrenalini Bulan<\/h2>\n<p>Adrenalin ile ilgili ilk g\u00f6zlemler \u0130ngiliz fizyolog <strong>Edward Sharpey-Schafer<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan 1894 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131. 1901 y\u0131l\u0131nda Japon-Amerikal\u0131 kimyac\u0131 Jokichi Takemine adrenalini izole etmeyi ba\u015fard\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>1905 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar, bir organ taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcretilen ve kan yoluyla di\u011fer organlara ta\u015f\u0131nan ve etkileyen maddenin hormon oldu\u011fu kavram\u0131 \u0130ngiliz fizyolojist William Bayliss ve Ernest Starling taraf\u0131ndan ortaya kondu.\u00a0 de\u011fildi. Bilim adamlar\u0131 ancak bundan sonra adrenalinin bir hormon oldu\u011funu anlayabildi.<\/p>\n<p>Bug\u00fcn i\u00e7in laboratuvarlarda adrenaline; gerek yap\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan, gerekse te\u2019sir bak\u0131m\u0131ndan benzeyen ba\u015fka maddeler de sentez edilmi\u015f ve t\u0131bbi tedavi alan\u0131nda ila\u00e7 olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131; Metaraminol, efedrin, fenilefrin v.b.\u2019dir.<\/p>\n<h2>Adrenalin ve Noradrenalin<\/h2>\n<p>B\u00f6brek\u00fcst\u00fc bezlleri adrenalin gibi noradrenalin ad\u0131 verilen ba\u015fka bir hormon salg\u0131lamaktad\u0131r. Adrenalin 1894; nodrenalin ise 1949\u2019da ke\u015ffedilmi\u015ftir. Her iki hormon \u201ckatekolamin\u201d denen maddeler s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131ndand\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Adrenalin ve noradrenalin etkisiyle kalp at\u0131m say\u0131s\u0131, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla nab\u0131z say\u0131s\u0131, atardamar kan bas\u0131nc\u0131, solunum h\u0131z\u0131 ve derinli\u011fi,\u00a0 metabolizma, kaslara giden kan mikdar\u0131, kaslar\u0131n kas\u0131lma g\u00fcc\u00fc ve kaslar\u0131n yorgunluk s\u00fcreleri artmaktad\u0131r. V\u00fccudun tehlikelere kar\u015f\u0131 adaptasyonu ve ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 y\u00fckselir.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130nsan ve \u00e7e\u015fitli memeli hayvanlarda b\u00f6brek\u00fcst\u00fc bezinden salg\u0131lanan bu iki hormonun oranlar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiktir. \u00c7ok asabile\u015fme s\u0131ras\u0131nda daha \u00e7ok noradrenalinin salg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131, yap\u0131lan tedkiklerden anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Kedi ve aslanda e\u015fit oranlarda salg\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde, s\u0131\u011f\u0131r, tav\u015fan ve kobaylarda % 85 adrenalin salg\u0131lan\u0131r. \u0130nsanda bu oran % 90\u2019d\u0131r. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/ilginc-icatlar\/\">\u0130lgin\u00e7tir ki<\/a> hi\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 olmayan veya k\u0131zmaz gibi bilinen balinada % 100 noradrenalin salg\u0131lanmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>T\u0131pta Adrenalin Tedavisi<\/h2>\n<p>T\u0131pta adrenalinin tedavi gayesiyle en \u00e7ok \u015fu durumlarda kullan\u0131l\u0131r: Duran kalbe, g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs duvar\u0131 \u00fczerinden uzun bir i\u011fneyle kalp kar\u0131nc\u0131\u011f\u0131 bo\u015flu\u011funa do\u011frudan do\u011fruya girilerek adrenalin enjekte edilerek kalp yeniden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Bron\u015fiyal ast\u0131mda \u00f6zellikle n\u00f6betler s\u0131ras\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131rsa bron\u015f spazm\u0131n\u0131n, bron\u015f cidar\u0131ndaki a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kanlanman\u0131n ve \u015fi\u015fli\u011fin giderilmesine sebeb olur.<\/p>\n<p>Ameliyatlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan b\u00f6lgelerdeki damarlar\u0131n \u00fczerine damlat\u0131l\u0131rsa, damarlar\u0131n b\u00fcz\u00fclmesine ve kan kayb\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131na sebeb olur. B\u00f6lgesel anestezik maddelere belli oranlarda kat\u0131larak, m\u00fcdahale edilen y\u00fczeyde, anestezi etkisinin daha uzun s\u00fcre devam etmesini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Adrenalin b\u00f6brekler \u00fczerinde bulunan endokrin bezleri, yani b\u00f6brek \u00fcst\u00fc bezleri taraf\u0131ndan s\u00fcrekli ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck miktarlarda salg\u0131lanan \u00f6nemli\u00a0 bir hormondur. Anksiyete, tehlike, m\u00fccadele ve stres durumlar\u0131 b\u00f6brek\u00fcst\u00fc bezlerini tetikler ve adrenalin&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[92,18],"tags":[1330,1331,1329],"class_list":["post-2287","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bilim","category-saglik","tag-adrenalin","tag-epinefrin","tag-jokichi-takemine"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2287"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2287"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2287\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9569,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2287\/revisions\/9569"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2287"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2287"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2287"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}