{"id":2346,"date":"2012-01-01T06:47:02","date_gmt":"2012-01-01T04:47:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=2346"},"modified":"2018-02-28T00:56:58","modified_gmt":"2018-02-27T22:56:58","slug":"antifirizi-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=2346","title":{"rendered":"Antifrizi kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Antifriz<\/strong> so\u011fuk k\u0131\u015f aylar\u0131nda araba <\/a>motorunun so\u011futma suyuna kat\u0131lan s\u0131v\u0131 ve organik bir bile\u015fiktir. Antifriz suyun donma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcp, motorun so\u011fuk havalarda zarar g\u00f6rmesini \u00f6nlemek amac\u0131yla suya kat\u0131l\u0131r. Su donma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman, di\u011fer maddelerin tersine genle\u015fir. Radyat\u00f6r, silindir bloklar\u0131 ve di\u011fer motor par\u00e7alar\u0131, genle\u015ferek donan suyun meydana getirdi\u011fi bas\u0131nc\u0131n etkisiyle \u00e7atlayabilir. Bu tehlikeleri \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in so\u011futma suyuna s\u0131v\u0131 antifriz olarak etanol, metanol ve etilen glikol kat\u0131l\u0131r. Antifriz, k\u0131\u015f\u0131n beklenen en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131kta donmay\u0131 \u00f6nleyecek miktardad\u0131r. Sudaki antifriz oran\u0131 ne kadar artarsa donma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 o kadar d\u00fc\u015fer.<\/p>\n

Antifriz olarak kullan\u0131lan etanol ve metanol buharla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan sudaki miktarlar\u0131 azal\u0131r. Bunun i\u00e7in antifriz ayar\u0131n\u0131 iyi yapt\u0131rmal\u0131d\u0131r. Pahall\u0131 olan Permanent yani etilen glikol antifrizler daha etkilidir. Piyasada kullan\u0131lan antifrizlere genellikle bir pas \u00f6nleyici ve bir de su pompas\u0131 ya\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 eklenir.<\/p>\n

Antifrizi kim icat etti?<\/h2>\n

Etilen glikol antifriz ilk kez 1859 y\u0131l\u0131nda Frans\u0131z kimyac\u0131 Charles Adolphe Wurtz<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan bulunmu\u015ftur. \u0130lk antifriz arabalarda kullan\u0131lmak i\u00e7in de\u011fil patlay\u0131c\u0131 madde yapmak i\u00e7in sentezlenmi\u015ftir. Daha sonra suyun kaynama ve donma s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131na olan etkisi ke\u015ffedildi.<\/p>\n

1900 l\u00fc y\u0131llarda etilen glikol dinitrat, so\u011fuk havalarda kullan\u0131lacak dinamitlerin yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131ld\u0131. Nitrogliserin gibi maddelerin donma noktalar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Etilen glikol dinitrat\u0131n donma noktas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrme yetene\u011fi, \u00e7ok daha g\u00fcvenli, kontroll\u00fc ve serin bir ortamda dinamit \u00fcretimine izin verdi. 1929 y\u0131l\u0131nda antifriz kulln\u0131m\u0131 hemen hemen t\u00fcm dinamit \u00fcreticileri i\u00e7in standart hale geldi.<\/p>\n

Hayvanlarda Do\u011fal Antifriz<\/h2>\n

Buzul \u00c7a\u011f\u0131’n\u0131n sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru soyu t\u00fckenmi\u015f, tarih \u00f6ncesi bir fil olan y\u00fcnl\u00fc mamutlar\u0131n, son\u00a0 kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131nda yap\u0131lan DNA \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131, bu hayvanlar\u0131n, buzul \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda, s\u0131f\u0131r\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda hayatta kalmak i\u00e7in izin benzersiz bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Mamutlarda, s\u0131f\u0131r\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda, kan\u0131 i\u00e7inde oksijen tutan antifriz bir formunda bir madde oldu\u011fu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Baz\u0131 b\u00f6cekler k\u0131\u015f mevsimi yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman donmaya kar\u015f\u0131 korunmak i\u00e7in gliserol (glycerol) salg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131rlar. Gliserol organizmadaki s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n donma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Arabalarda Antifriz kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/h2>\n

Antifriz radyat\u00f6r\u00fc ve so\u011futma sistemini pas ve korozyondan korumak amac\u0131yla da kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Donma noktas\u0131 -12 derece olan saf antifriz, su ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda donma noktas\u0131 -37 dereceye kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmektedir. Ancak su oran\u0131 veya antifriz oran\u0131 artt\u0131k\u00e7a donma noktas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fmektedir. Bu nedenle do\u011fru miktarda su ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir. Su oran\u0131\u00a0%70’i a\u015farsa donma\u00a0%30’un alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmekte ve hararet tehlikesi ba\u015f g\u00f6stermektedir. Antifirizin \u0131s\u0131y\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131ma \u00f6zelli\u011fi suya izafi olarak daha az oldu\u011fundan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6nem arz etti\u011fi uygulamalarda daha da az kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkiye iklim ko\u015fullar\u0131nda maksimum koruma i\u00e7in\u00a0% 33 ila\u00a0% 50 aras\u0131nda antifriz kullan\u0131m\u0131 tavsiye edilmektedir. Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m yaparken sert sulardan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc sert sular antifrizin i\u00e7indeki koruyucu kat\u0131klar\u0131n etkisini azaltmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle musluk suyu yerine yumu\u015fat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve distile edilmi\u015f su kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. “Antifriz eklenmesi veya de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesine bomometre ile \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm yap\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra karar verilmelidir Bomometre cihaz\u0131, sadece kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdaki etilen glikol miktar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7mektedir ve form\u00fcl\u00fcndeki koruyucular\u0131n durumu hakk\u0131nda bilgi vermemektedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bomometre, antifrizin so\u011futma sistemini koruma g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6l\u00e7ememektedir. B\u00fct\u00fcn antifrizler birbirlerinin ayn\u0131s\u0131 de\u011fildir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc, piyasadaki antifriz \u00fcr\u00fcnleri aras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck oranda kalite fark\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u0130yi bir antifriz hem suyun donma derecesini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmeli hem de kaynama derecesini y\u00fckseltmelidir. OAT (organik asit teknolojisi) ile \u00fcretilen antifrizler i\u00e7eri\u011findeki kat\u0131klar\u0131n kimyasal \u00f6zellikleri sayesinde hem daha uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fcd\u00fcrler hem de a\u015f\u0131nmaya kar\u015f\u0131 daha iyi koruma sa\u011flarlar. Genel maksatl\u0131 antifrizler normalde y\u0131lda bir defa, ekleme yap\u0131lmadan de\u011fi\u015ftirilir. Geli\u015fmi\u015f antifrizler ise daha uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc olduklar\u0131ndan 3 y\u0131la kadar kullan\u0131labilmektedir<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Antifriz so\u011fuk k\u0131\u015f aylar\u0131nda araba motorunun so\u011futma suyuna kat\u0131lan s\u0131v\u0131 ve organik bir bile\u015fiktir. Antifriz suyun donma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcp, motorun so\u011fuk havalarda zarar g\u00f6rmesini \u00f6nlemek amac\u0131yla suya kat\u0131l\u0131r. Su donma…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10294,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[92,19],"tags":[1356,1357,1355],"class_list":["post-2346","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim","category-otomobil","tag-antifiriz","tag-antifriz","tag-charles-adolphe-wurtz"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2346"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2346"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2346\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10296,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2346\/revisions\/10296"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10294"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2346"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2346"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2346"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}