Avustralya’n\u0131n bulunu\u015fu da Amerika’n\u0131n bulunu\u015fu gibi tesad\u00fcfidir. On alt\u0131nc\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131ldan ba\u015flayarak Portekiz ve \u0130spanyol gemicileri Avustralya’n\u0131n kuzeyindeki adalar b\u00f6lgesine ula\u015ft\u0131lar. Daha sonra 17. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Hollandal\u0131 denizciler Avustralya k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131lar. Avustralya’n\u0131n yeni bir k\u0131ta olarak anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, 1769’da \u0130ngiliz kaptan\u0131 James Cook’un Yeni Zellanda’ya yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir seyahat s\u0131ras\u0131nda\u00a0tesad\u00fcfi olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
Daha sonralar\u0131 \u0130ngiliz kaptanlar\u0131ndan Arthur Pihilip 26 Ocak 1788’de 1000 ki\u015filik kad\u0131nl\u0131-erkekli, \u00e7ocuklu bir toplulukla Sdney’e yerle\u015fti. Bug\u00fcn, Avustralya G\u00fcn\u00fc olarak her sene kutlanmaktad\u0131r. 1820 ile 1850 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u0130ngiliz as\u0131ll\u0131 halk\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn k\u0131taya yay\u0131lmas\u0131 neticesinde Avustralya tamamen bir \u0130ngiliz kolonisi oldu. 1850 seneleri Avustralya alt\u0131n aray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fccumuna u\u011frad\u0131. Ancak alt\u0131n aray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 umdu\u011funu bulamad\u0131lar. 1890 senelerinde ekonomik zorluklar Avustralya, Tasmania, Qneensland’\u0131n bir federasyon etraf\u0131nda birle\u015fmesine sebeb oldu. 1901 federasyon anayasas\u0131<\/a> tasdik edilerek Barton ba\u015fkan se\u00e7ildi.<\/p>\n Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131nda Avustralya federe devleti, \u0130ngiltere’ye Hint Okyanusunda yard\u0131m etti. 5.000.000 n\u00fcfusun 329.000’i g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc asker olarak sava\u015fa kat\u0131ld\u0131. Almanlar\u0131n Emden isimli sava\u015f gemisini bat\u0131rd\u0131lar. \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131nda da yine \u0130ngiltere yan\u0131nda sava\u015fa kat\u0131ld\u0131lar. Japonlara New Guinee’de \u00e7ok zayiat verdirdiler.<\/p>\n \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131ndan sonra Avustralya’n\u0131n daha ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olma\u00a0arzular\u0131 belirdi. 1945 senesinden sonra Avustralya’n\u0131n m\u00fcnasebetleri \u0130ngiltere’den ziyade ABD’ye kaymaya ba\u015flad\u0131. 1951 senesinde Avustralya, Yeni Zellanda ve ABD aras\u0131nda “Anzus” Pakt\u0131 imzaland\u0131. Daha sonra 1954 senesinde bu pakt G\u00fcney Asya devletlerini de i\u00e7ine alan G\u00fcney-Do\u011fu Asya Pakt\u0131 SEATO (Southeast Asia Treaty organization) kuruldu. Bu, Avrupa’da kurulan Kuzey Atlantik Pakt\u0131 NATO’ya e\u015fde\u011ferdir.<\/p>\n 1950 y\u0131llar\u0131ndan sonra ABD, \u0130ngiltere ve Avrupa’dan ekonomik ve bilgi yard\u0131m\u0131 alan Avustralya, s\u00fcr’atle teknolojik y\u00f6nde ilerlemeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Avustralya’n\u0131n bulunu\u015fu da Amerika’n\u0131n bulunu\u015fu gibi tesad\u00fcfidir. On alt\u0131nc\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131ldan ba\u015flayarak Portekiz ve \u0130spanyol gemicileri Avustralya’n\u0131n kuzeyindeki adalar b\u00f6lgesine ula\u015ft\u0131lar. Daha sonra 17. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Hollandal\u0131 denizciler Avustralya k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131lar. Avustralya’n\u0131n…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[1386],"class_list":["post-2428","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gezi","tag-avusturalya"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2428"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2428"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2428\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12127,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2428\/revisions\/12127"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2428"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2428"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2428"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}