Mikrop \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc olarak kullan\u0131lan antiseptiklerin bulunmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce, ameliyat salonlar\u0131, hasta i\u00e7in bir umut \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu kadar, \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck tehlikelerle dolu bir yerdi. Zira, ameliyat i\u00e7in v\u00fccudun a\u00e7\u0131lan yerlerine, mikroplar kolayca girebiliyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n
1865 y\u0131l\u0131nda Glaskow’da Joseph Lister adl\u0131 cerrah taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen mikrop \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerin, ameliyatta ilk kez kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanmas\u0131 ile, bu sorun b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ortadan kalkt\u0131 ve t\u0131p biliminde yeni bir \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131. 1867 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Doktor Lister’in eski \u015fefi Sir John Erichsen, “Kar\u0131n bo\u015flu\u011fu, g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs ve beyin, ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir ameliyat i\u00e7in insano\u011fluna sonsuza dek kapal\u0131 kalacakt\u0131r” diyordu. Oysa Lister’in bulu\u015fu antiseptikler ve daha sonra anesteziklerin de devreye girmesiyle, Sir Erichsen’in bu iddias\u0131, \u00e7ok k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede ge\u00e7ersiz kalacakt\u0131. Doktor Lister’in Glaskow’da 1864- 1866 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ameliyatlarda, \u00f6l\u00fcm oram y\u00fczde 45 iken, 1867-1869 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki ameliyatlarda, mikrop \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcler sayesinde bu oran y\u00fczde 15’e d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n
Antiseptikler<\/b>\u00a0enfeksiyon, septisemi veya \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcmeyi \u00f6nlemek amac\u0131yla canl\u0131 dokuya uygulanan mikrop kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 (antimikrobiyal) maddelerdir. V\u00fccuttaki mikroorganizmalar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcren antibiyotikler ile canl\u0131 olmayan nesnelerde bulunan mikroorganizmalar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmekte kullan\u0131lan dezenfektanlarla kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131rlar. Baz\u0131 antiseptikler ger\u00e7ekten mikrop \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcyken, yani mikroplar\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrebilirken (bakteriyosidal), di\u011ferleri bakteriyostatiktir ve sadece mikroplar\u0131n geli\u015fimini \u00f6nler veya bask\u0131lar. Antibakteriyeller sadece bakterilere kar\u015f\u0131 kullan\u0131labilen antiseptiklerdir.<\/p>\n
John Lister’in Antiseptic Principle of the Practice of Surgery<\/i> isimli makalesinin 1867’de yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131yla antiseptik cerrahi metotlar\u0131n\u0131n geni\u015f \u00e7apl\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131na ba\u015fland\u0131. Makalesinde var olan herhangi bir mikrobun \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hususunda emin olabilmek i\u00e7in karbolik asitin (fenol) kullan\u0131m\u0131 savunmu\u015ftur. Bununla birlikte benzeri fikirler daha \u00f6nce de farkl\u0131 uzmanlar taraf\u0131ndan, eskiden beri, ortaya at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131; Antik Yunanistan’da Galen ve Hipokrat gibi. Hatta M\u00d6 2150 y\u0131l\u0131ndan kalma bir S\u00fcmer kil tabletinde benzeri tekniklerin savunuldu\u011funa rastlan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n Yine de her antiseptik yararl\u0131 olmakla birlikte, yaralanm\u0131\u015f y\u00fczeye \u00e7ok veya az oranda toksik ve rahats\u0131z edici \u00f6zelliktedir. Bu sebeple bug\u00fcn cerrahide antiseptik metot yerine aseptik metot kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r ki bu -aseptik- metot h\u00e2li haz\u0131rda bulunan bakterilerin \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine de\u011fil, bakterilerin istilas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 koru(n)maya dayan\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Mikrop \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc olarak kullan\u0131lan antiseptiklerin bulunmas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce, ameliyat salonlar\u0131, hasta i\u00e7in bir umut \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu kadar, \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck tehlikelerle dolu bir yerdi. Zira, ameliyat i\u00e7in v\u00fccudun a\u00e7\u0131lan yerlerine, mikroplar kolayca…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[189],"class_list":["post-247","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-saglik","tag-antiseptik"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/247"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=247"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/247\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7621,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/247\/revisions\/7621"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=247"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=247"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=247"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}