{"id":2531,"date":"2012-11-06T00:15:39","date_gmt":"2012-11-05T22:15:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=2531"},"modified":"2018-02-19T14:16:39","modified_gmt":"2018-02-19T12:16:39","slug":"bujiyi-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=2531","title":{"rendered":"Bujiyi kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Buji’yi kim icat etti?\u00a0Baz\u0131 tarih\u00e7iler, Edmond Berger’in 2 \u015eubat 1839’da ilk bujiyi icat etti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemektedir fakat Edmond Berger bu icad\u0131na bir patent almam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Zaten 1839 y\u0131l\u0131nda i\u00e7ten yanmal\u0131 motorlar i\u00e7in buji olduk\u00e7a deneysel bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u00c9tienne Lenoir<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Bel\u00e7ikal\u0131 m\u00fchendis, \u00c9tienne Lenoir<\/strong>, 1858 y\u0131l\u0131nda, ilk i\u00e7ten yanmal\u0131 pistonlu motorunda elektrikli bir buji kulland\u0131 ve bu buji ilk icat edilen buji olarak kabul edildi.<\/p>\n

Bujiler i\u00e7in ilk patentler 1898 y\u0131l\u0131nda ate\u015fleme zamanlamas\u0131 sistemi i\u00e7in,\u00a0Nikola Tesla<\/a>, Frederick Richard Simms<\/strong> ve Robert Bosch<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan al\u0131nd\u0131.\u00a0K\u0131v\u0131lc\u0131m ate\u015flemeli buji 1902’de Robert Bosch’un m\u00fchendisi Gottlob Honold<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan 1902’de geli\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n

Oliver Lodge<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Oliver Lodge<\/strong>, i\u00e7ten yanmal\u0131 motor i\u00e7in elektrikli k\u0131v\u0131lc\u0131m ate\u015flemesi (Lodge Igniter) icat etti. Oliver Lodge, radyo alan\u0131ndaki \u00f6nc\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ile daha iyi bilinir ve kablosuz olarak mesaj g\u00f6nderen ilk ki\u015fidir. Babalar\u0131n\u0131n fikrini geli\u015ftiren ve \u00fcreten o\u011fullar\u0131 olan Lodge karde\u015fler\u00a0Lodge Plug Company’yi kurdu. Kenelm Lee Guinness, Helen Blair Bartlett’in katk\u0131lar\u0131yla 1930’da g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde porselen yal\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 kullan\u0131lan bujilerin ilk versiyonlar\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Albert Champion<\/strong><\/h3>\n

1900’l\u00fc y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda, Fransa bujilerin bask\u0131n \u00fcreticisi oldu. Frans\u0131z olan Albert Champion<\/strong>, 1889’da Amerika’ya g\u00f6\u00e7 eden bisiklet ve motosiklet yar\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131yd\u0131. Kendisi yar\u0131\u015flarda kulanmak \u00fczere bir buji tasarlad\u0131.\u00a01904’te Champion, Flint, Michigan’a ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131. Burada buji \u00fcretmek \u00fczere\u00a0Champion Ignition Company’yi kurdu.\u00a0AC bujileri havac\u0131l\u0131kta kullan\u0131ld\u0131, \u00f6zellikle Charles Lindbergh ve Amelia Earhart’\u0131n trans-Atlantik seferleri u\u00e7u\u015flar\u0131nda bu bujiler kullan\u0131ld\u0131. Ayr\u0131ca Champion bujileri Apollo roket \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131yorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Buji \u00fcreten g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki Champion \u015firketinin ad\u0131 Albert Champion’dan geldi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir fakat de\u011fildir. 1920’lerde dekoratif fayans \u00fcreten tamamen farkl\u0131 bir \u015firket olan Champion adl\u0131 ba\u015fka bir firmad\u0131r. Bujilerde izolat\u00f6r olarak seramik kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r ve Champion firmas\u0131 seramik f\u0131r\u0131nlar\u0131nda buji \u00fcretmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Talep b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc ve 1933’te tamamen buji \u00fcretmeye ge\u00e7ti. Bu arada, Albert Champion’a ait olan AC Spark Plug Company, GM Corp taraf\u0131ndan sat\u0131n al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Y\u0131llar sonra United Delco ve General Motors’un AC Spark Plug B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc AC-Delco haline geldi. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Champion ad\u0131 bu \u015fekilde iki farkl\u0131 buji markas\u0131nda ya\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Buji i\u00e7ten yanmal\u0131 motorlar\u0131n, genellikle hepsinde\u00a0yanma odas\u0131ndaki yak\u0131t-hava kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ate\u015flemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan devre eleman\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0Bilindi\u011fi gibi i\u00e7ten yanmal\u0131 motorlarda piston, yak\u0131t-hava kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in yukar\u0131ya do\u011fru\u00a0\u00e7\u0131kar. Bu s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015fi bitti\u011fi an yak\u0131t\u0131n tutu\u015fmas\u0131 l\u00e2z\u0131md\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte bu anda ortam i\u00e7inde bulunan bujinin\u00a0merkez elektrodu ile silindir blo\u011funa ba\u011fl\u0131 olan \u015fase elektrodu aras\u0131nda bir k\u0131v\u0131lc\u0131m meydana gelir. Bu\u00a0iki elektrot aras\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k 0,75 milimetrelik bir hava bo\u015flu\u011fu vard\u0131r. Bu k\u0131v\u0131lc\u0131m yak\u0131t\u0131 ate\u015fler ve \u00e2ni\u00a0geni\u015fleme sonucu piston geriye itilir.<\/p>\n

Bujinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00e7e\u015fitli tipleri vard\u0131r. Genellikle 400-850\u00b0C aras\u0131nda iyi sonu\u00e7 verirler.
\nS\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131 elektrot ucuna biriken karbonun yanmas\u0131 i\u00e7indir. 850\u00b0C alt\u0131nda olmas\u0131 ise
\nkendili\u011finden ark yapmamas\u0131 i\u00e7indir. Bujinin yap\u0131s\u0131nda elektrot ve bunun etraf\u0131nda yal\u0131tkan olarak
\nporselen vard\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca ate\u015fleme elektrodu taraf\u0131 motor g\u00f6vdesine vidalanabilmesi i\u00e7in di\u015fli yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r,
\n\u015fase buraya ba\u011flan\u0131r. Bujinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 6~12 V\u2019luk ak\u00fc geriliminin 15.000-25.000 V\u2019a \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131yla
\nsa\u011flan\u0131r. Bu i\u015fi end\u00fcksiyon bobini yapar.<\/p>\n

Bujiler bir\u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitte ve de\u011fi\u015fik tip motorlarda kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere farkl\u0131 boyut ve \u00f6zelliklerde \u00fcretilir. Genellikle 4 b\u00f6l\u00fcmden olu\u015furlar.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Elektrik ba\u011flant\u0131 ucu<\/li>\n
  2. Porselen yal\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 (izolat\u00f6r)<\/li>\n
  3. Ba\u011flant\u0131 g\u00f6vdesi ve di\u015fleri<\/li>\n
  4. Elektrotlar<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Buji’yi kim icat etti?\u00a0Baz\u0131 tarih\u00e7iler, Edmond Berger’in 2 \u015eubat 1839’da ilk bujiyi icat etti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemektedir fakat Edmond Berger bu icad\u0131na bir patent almam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Zaten 1839 y\u0131l\u0131nda i\u00e7ten yanmal\u0131 motorlar i\u00e7in…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8716,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[2099,2100,2098,2831,2832],"class_list":["post-2531","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-otomobil","tag-atesleme","tag-atesleme-bujisi","tag-buji","tag-etienne-lenoir","tag-sir-oliver-lodge"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2531"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2531"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2531\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9724,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2531\/revisions\/9724"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/8716"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2531"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2531"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2531"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}