{"id":2716,"date":"2012-01-07T05:58:02","date_gmt":"2012-01-07T03:58:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=2716"},"modified":"2018-02-25T15:50:34","modified_gmt":"2018-02-25T13:50:34","slug":"elektron-tupunu-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=2716","title":{"rendered":"Elektron T\u00fcp\u00fcn\u00fc kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Elektron T\u00fcp\u00fc<\/strong> havas\u0131 bo\u015falt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f veya gaz doldurulmu\u015f, metal elektrotlar\u0131 bulunan cam, seramik veya metal silindir bi\u00e7iminde muh\u00e2fazad\u0131r. T\u00fcp\u00fcn alt\u0131nda elektrik irtibatlar\u0131 sa\u011flayan soket pimleri vard\u0131r. Elektron t\u00fcp\u00fcnde temel olarak elektron ak\u0131\u015f kontrol\u00fc ile y\u00fckseltme, do\u011frultma, osilasyon, a\u00e7\u0131p kapama gibi i\u015flemler yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yar\u0131 iletken elektronik elemanlar bulununcaya kadar elektron t\u00fcp\u00fc elektronik sistemlerin kalbi gibi g\u00f6rev yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc radyo vericileri ile b\u00e2z\u0131 TV al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131nda t\u00fcp \u00f6nemli devrelerde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u0130lk modern elektron t\u00fcp\u00fc 1858 senesinde Heinrich Geissler<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Geissler t\u00fcp\u00fc olarak da bilinen bu t\u00fcpte, bo\u015falt\u0131lan\u00a0hava yerine biraz gaz konmu\u015ftur. T\u00fcp, elektrotlar\u0131na tatbik edilen y\u00fcksek voltaj aras\u0131nda kalan gaz\u0131n iyonize olarak \u0131\u015f\u0131k yaymas\u0131 prensibine g\u00f6re \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Elektron t\u00fcp\u00fc<\/strong>, elektron ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 kontrol edildi\u011fi vakit kendisinden beklenilen fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131 icr\u00e2 edebilir. Kontrol edilecek olan elektron ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n elde edili\u015fi \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitlidir. Bunlardan bir t\u00e2nesi termoiyonik emisyon denilen metalin \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131yla atomlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f y\u00f6r\u00fcngelerindeki elektronlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7evreye yaymas\u0131d\u0131r. Torium metali \u0131s\u0131 ile elektron yayan en m\u00fcs\u00e2it metaldir. Di\u011fer bir elektron kayna\u011f\u0131 fotoemisyon olay\u0131 ile elde edilir. B\u00e2z\u0131 malzemeler \u00fczerine \u0131\u015f\u0131k d\u00fc\u015ferse malzemedeki elektronlara enerji vererek elektronlar\u0131n \u00e7evreye yay\u0131lmas\u0131na sebeb olur. Fotoemisyona en m\u00fcs\u00e2it malzeme alkali metal sezyumdur. Fotoemisyon modern fotot\u00fcplerde ve Televizyon\u00a0<\/a>kameralar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Fotoemisyon olay\u0131n\u0131 1887\u2019de Heinrich Hertz<\/strong><\/a> a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Termoiyonik foto ve saha emisyonu yoluyla elde edilen elektron, s\u00fcratle hareket ederken bir engele \u00e7arparsa oradan da \u00e7evreye il\u00e2ve sekonder elektron yay\u0131lmas\u0131na sebep\u00a0olur. Bu t\u00fcr emisyona da sekonder emisyon denir. B\u00e2zan sekonder emisyon net\u00eecesinde yay\u0131lan elektron say\u0131s\u0131 primer elektron say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 birka\u00e7 kat ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n

Elektron yayan elemana katot denir. Katot, \u00fczerinden elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131 ge\u00e7erek \u0131s\u0131nan bir flamand\u0131r. Flaman \u0131s\u0131nd\u0131kca ya kendisinden veya \u00e7evresindeki ikinci bir katottan elektron yaymaya ba\u015flar. Elektron t\u00fcpleri ihtiv\u00e2 etti\u011fi eleman say\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re isim al\u0131r. Diot, iki elemanl\u0131d\u0131r. Tiriot \u00fc\u00e7, tetrot d\u00f6rt, pentot be\u015f, heksot alt\u0131, hektot yedi ve oktot sekiz elemanl\u0131 t\u00fcplerdir.<\/p>\n

Elektron t\u00fcpleri havas\u0131 bo\u015fald\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi i\u00e7ine argon, neon, hidrojen, civa buhar\u0131 konularak da \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir. Gaz doldurulmu\u015f t\u00fcplerde ak\u0131m kontrolu daha kolayd\u0131r. B\u00e2z\u0131 t\u00fcplerde elektron h\u00fczmesinin y\u00f6n\u00fc ve \u015fekli kontrol edilerek de\u011fi\u015ftirilebilir. Bu \u00f6zellikteki t\u00fcplerin bir y\u00fczeyi floresant <\/a>madde ile kaplan\u0131rsa g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc elde etmeye yarar.<\/p>\n

Osiloskop, televizyon, radar<\/a>, sonar ekranlar\u0131, elektron h\u00fczmesinin kontrol edilmesi ile g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme yaparlar. T\u00fcpte elektron h\u00fczmesi, t\u00fcp i\u00e7ine yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f paralel iki\u015fer yatay ve dikey duran levhalara voltaj tatbiki ile voltaj\u0131n miktar\u0131na g\u00f6re yatay ve dikey olarak hareket ettirilir. Elektron eksi y\u00fck oldu\u011fundan paralel levhalar aras\u0131nda meydana gelen manyetik alan\u0131n \u015fekline uyarak hareket eder.<\/p>\n

Televizyon t\u00fcp\u00fcnde ekran\u0131 devaml\u0131 tarayan bir elektron h\u00fczmesi ile g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn koyuluk veya parlakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re meydana gelen dalgal\u0131 voltaj vard\u0131r. G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn karakterini ta\u015f\u0131yan bu dalgal\u0131 voltaj, t\u00fcpde elektron \u00fcreticisinin kontrol ucuna tatbik edilerek elektron h\u00fczmesinin \u015fiddetini art\u0131r\u0131r veya azalt\u0131r. Elektron h\u00fczmesine ayn\u0131 anda tarama yapt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc ekranda g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcr.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Elektron T\u00fcp\u00fc havas\u0131 bo\u015falt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f veya gaz doldurulmu\u015f, metal elektrotlar\u0131 bulunan cam, seramik veya metal silindir bi\u00e7iminde muh\u00e2fazad\u0131r. T\u00fcp\u00fcn alt\u0131nda elektrik irtibatlar\u0131 sa\u011flayan soket pimleri vard\u0131r. Elektron t\u00fcp\u00fcnde temel olarak elektron…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[92,1],"tags":[2059,2756,2539],"class_list":["post-2716","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bilim","category-teknoloji","tag-elektron-tupu","tag-heinrich-geissler","tag-heinrich-hertz"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2716"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2716"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2716\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10004,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2716\/revisions\/10004"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2716"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2716"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2716"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}