Bri\u00e7, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir olas\u0131l\u0131kla T\u00fcrkiye’den d\u00fcnyaya yay\u0131lan bir oyundur. 1885 y\u0131l\u0131nda, \u0130stanbul’u ziyaret eden \u0130ngiliz gezgini John Collinson, burada \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi kurallar\u0131, \u0130ngiltere’ye d\u00f6nd\u00fckten sonra 1886 y\u0131l\u0131 \u015eubat ay\u0131nda bir kitap halinde yay\u0131nlad\u0131. Her ne kadar Collinson bu kitaba Biritch ya da Rus Bri\u00e7i ad\u0131n\u0131 verdiyse de, oyunun Rus k\u00f6kenli oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir hi\u00e7bir belirti yoktur. Britich s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ise, bilinen dillerden herhangi birinde belirli bir anlam ta\u015f\u0131maz.<\/p>\n
1906 y\u0131l\u0131nda bri\u00e7 \u00fczerine bir ba\u015fka kitap yazan William Dalton ise, Collinson’un T\u00fcrkiye’den d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnden \u00e7ok daha \u00f6nce \u0130ngiltere’ de bri\u00e7 oynand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcrer: “Mr. Scramanga adl\u0131 Yunan as\u0131ll\u0131 bir beyefendiden bir mektup ald\u0131m. Kendileri, s\u00f6z konusu oyunun 1870’l\u0131 y\u0131llarda Manchester’- de ya\u015fayan Yunan kolonisi aras\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a s\u0131k oynand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtiyorlar. Mr. Scramanga’- n\u0131n mektubundan anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, o d\u00f6nemde oynanan oyunla bug\u00fcn bildi\u011fimiz bri\u00e7 kurallar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00e7ok az fark var. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir eldeki d\u00f6rt as bug\u00fcn 100 puan olarak de\u011ferlendirilirken, o zaman 80 puan olarak de\u011ferlendiriliyordu.<\/p>\n
Bri\u00e7in \u0130ngiltere’de h\u0131zla yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 ise, 1894 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flad\u0131. O y\u0131l Lord Brougham, Kahire’de \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi oyunu, Portland Kul\u00fcb\u00fc’nde lanse etti. Bunun \u00fczerine bri\u00e7, h\u0131zla ra\u011fbet g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Ertesi y\u0131l Haziran ay\u0131nda Turf ve Portland kul\u00fcplerinin \u00fcyelerinden olu\u015fan bir ortak komite, ilk resmi kurallar\u0131 belirlediler. ABD’de ise 1892 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Nisan ay\u0131nda, Paris’ten d\u00f6nen Henry Barbey’- in, orada \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi oyunu arkada\u015flar\u0131na \u00f6\u011fretmesi \u00fczerine, h\u0131zl\u0131 bir salg\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131 ve oyun b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fclkeye yay\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
Bri\u00e7in bu dal\u0131n\u0131n ilk kez, 1902 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0131ss\u0131z bir istasyonda uzun s\u00fcre kalmak.zorunda kalan \u00fc\u00e7 \u0130ngiliz-Hint taraf\u0131ndan oynand\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul edilir. S\u00f6z konusu \u00fc\u00e7 ki\u015fi, d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc bulamad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in bri\u00e7 oyununa bu \u015fekilde bir bi\u00e7im vermi\u015fler ve b\u00f6ylece ok\u015f\u0131n bri\u00e7 (T\u00fcrkiye’de genellikle o\u015fkin ad\u0131yla bilinir) ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Oyunla yaz\u0131l\u0131 ilk yaz\u0131l\u0131 metin, 16 Ocak 1903 g\u00fcnl\u00fc “The Times” gazetesinde yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu yaz\u0131 bir mektuptu ve Hindistan’dan yeni d\u00f6nen Oswald Crawford taraf\u0131ndan kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ertesi y\u0131l Hindistan’\u0131n Allahabad kentinde John Doe, “Auction Bridge” ad\u0131yla bu konudaki ilk kitab\u0131 yay\u0131nlad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Bu oyun ilk kez 1912 y\u0131l\u0131nda Poona’da, “Saac” ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda d\u00f6rt ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan oynand\u0131. \u0130lk kurallar\u0131 ise 15 Temmuz 1914’te Hindistan’da yay\u0131nlanan “Times of India” gazetesinde Sir Hugh Clayton taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nland\u0131. Kontrat Bri\u00e7, Amerika’da ise daha farkl\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. 1925 y\u0131l\u0131nda, d\u00f6nemin \u00fcnl\u00fc milyonerlerinden Harold S. Vanderbilt, o y\u0131l\u0131n May\u0131s ay\u0131nda Los Angeles ile Havana aras\u0131nda seyreden bir buharl\u0131 gemide, Plafond denilen Frans\u0131z oyununu \u00f6\u011frendi. Daha sonra bu oyunun kurallar\u0131nda, kendisine g\u00f6re baz\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yapt\u0131 ve Kontrat Bri\u00e7 ad\u0131yla ABD’de lanse edildi.<\/p>\n
15 Eyl\u00fcl 1930’da Londra’da, \u0130ngiliz ve ABD tak\u0131mlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yap\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130ngiliz tak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n kaptan\u0131. T\u00fcmgeneral Walter Buller’d\u0131. Amerikan tak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n kaptanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ise Ely Culbertson yap\u0131yordu. Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmay\u0131 ABD, 4 bin 845 puanla kazand\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Bri\u00e7, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir olas\u0131l\u0131kla T\u00fcrkiye’den d\u00fcnyaya yay\u0131lan bir oyundur. 1885 y\u0131l\u0131nda, \u0130stanbul’u ziyaret eden \u0130ngiliz gezgini John Collinson, burada \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi kurallar\u0131, \u0130ngiltere’ye d\u00f6nd\u00fckten sonra 1886 y\u0131l\u0131 \u015eubat ay\u0131nda bir kitap…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10480,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[211,210],"class_list":["post-277","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-eglence","tag-bric","tag-bric-oyunu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/277"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=277"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/277\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7011,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/277\/revisions\/7011"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10480"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=277"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=277"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=277"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}