Fes y\u00fcnden \u00f6zel olarak yap\u0131lan silindir \u015feklinde ba\u015fl\u0131klardan biridir. \u00c7e\u015fitli kaynaklarda fesin ilk kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Fas g\u00f6sterilirse de hakk\u0131nda kesin bilgi yoktur. Tarihte hangi devirden itibaren kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 da belli de\u011fildir. Yaln\u0131z T\u00fcrklerin giydi\u011fi ve Timurta\u015f Pa\u015fa zaman\u0131na kadar beyaz olan renginin onun taraf\u0131ndan k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131ya boyand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmektedir.<\/p>\n
Akdeniz\u2019de seferdeyken yeni\u00e7erili\u011fin kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 duyan serasker ve kaptan-\u0131 derya Koca H\u00fcsrev Pa\u015fa Tunus\u2019tan getirdi\u011fi fesleri kalyoncu askerine giydirmi\u015f ve Sultan \u0130kinci Mahmud\u2019un takdirini kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1828\u2019de \u201cFes Nizamn\u00e2mesi\u201d yay\u0131nlanarak fesin nerelerde giyilip giyilmeyece\u011fi ve kimlerin ne \u00e7e\u015fit fes giyece\u011fi belirtilmi\u015fti. Fes, 1832\u2019de yay\u0131nlanan bir tamimle resmi serpu\u015f (ba\u015fl\u0131k) olarak kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Tanzimat devrinde \u201csar\u0131k\u201d yaln\u0131z ulem\u00e2 s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ile m\u00fcderris ve tarikat mensuplar\u0131na b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlar fes \u00fczerine sar\u0131k, esnaf k\u0131sm\u0131 ise fes \u00fcst\u00fcne arakiye ve yemeni sararlard\u0131. Sar\u0131ks\u0131z fese dalfes denirdi. Fes, saraydaki kad\u0131nlar taraf\u0131ndan da kullan\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Tunus\u2019tan getirilen feslerin resmen kab\u00fbl\u00fcnden sonra \u0130stanbul\u2019da Hali\u00e7 k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda bir fes fabrikas\u0131 (fesh\u00e2ne) de kurulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
Fesler genellikle kesik koni \u015feklinde k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7uhadan yap\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. D\u00fcz olan \u00fcst k\u0131sma tablo denir. Bunun ortas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan ibik t\u00e2bir edilen yere p\u00fcsk\u00fcl ba\u011flan\u0131rd\u0131. P\u00fcsk\u00fcl fese ve fesi kullanan \u015fahsa g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fik olurdu. Tunus fesi denilen dar fese b\u00fcy\u00fck p\u00fcsk\u00fcl tak\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Rengi mavi olan bu p\u00fcsk\u00fcl\u00fcn yar\u0131m okka gelenleri vard\u0131. B\u00fcy\u00fck p\u00fcsk\u00fcller uzun olup enseden a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 kadar sarkard\u0131. Sonradan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f
\nsadece arkada kalacak \u015fekil kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Feslerin durumunu muhafaza etmek i\u00e7in kal\u0131plar yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve bunlar uzun zaman d\u00fckkanlarda kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Kal\u0131plar birbirinden farkl\u0131 alt \u00fcst \u015feklinde olurdu. Fes bu iki kal\u0131b\u0131n aras\u0131nda kal\u0131r ve kol tazyiki veya pres ile s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak kal\u0131b\u0131n \u015fekli ald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Feslerin renkleri gittik\u00e7e koyula\u015fmak \u00fczere k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131, \u00e7ifte zero, iki s\u0131f\u0131r, bir s\u0131f\u0131r, bir renk, iki renk, \u00fc\u00e7 renk, d\u00f6rt renk, be\u015f renk olup; adlar\u0131 ise k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131, \u00fcnabi, mor, orta renk, al nar\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi ve siyaht\u0131r. Bi\u00e7imlerine g\u00f6re ise zuhaf, aziziye, mecidiye, hamidiye, s\u0131f\u0131r numara, fino, dar beyo\u011flu gibi adlar verilir.<\/p>\n
1925 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kan bir kanunla fes giyilmesi yasakland\u0131. Baz\u0131 \u0130slam \u00fclkelerinde halen fes kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn Anadolu\u2019nun baz\u0131 y\u00f6relerinde kad\u0131nlar, ba\u015f\u00f6rt\u00fclerinin alt\u0131na alt\u0131nla s\u00fcslenmi\u015f fes koymaktad\u0131rlar. Ayr\u0131ca her y\u00f6renin kendine has milli oyun ekipleri de fes giymektedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Fes y\u00fcnden \u00f6zel olarak yap\u0131lan silindir \u015feklinde ba\u015fl\u0131klardan biridir. \u00c7e\u015fitli kaynaklarda fesin ilk kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Fas g\u00f6sterilirse de hakk\u0131nda kesin bilgi yoktur. Tarihte hangi devirden itibaren kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 da belli de\u011fildir. Yaln\u0131z…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[345,16],"tags":[1535],"class_list":["post-2796","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-askeri","category-moda","tag-fes"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2796"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2796"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2796\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6440,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2796\/revisions\/6440"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2796"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2796"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2796"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}