{"id":2814,"date":"2012-01-13T02:20:17","date_gmt":"2012-01-13T00:20:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=2814"},"modified":"2018-02-10T00:01:23","modified_gmt":"2018-02-09T22:01:23","slug":"fuzeyi-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=2814","title":{"rendered":"F\u00fczeyi kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

F\u00fczeyi kim icat etti. F\u00fczelerin veya ba\u015fka bir if\u00e2deyle roketlerin t\u00e2rihi, olduk\u00e7a eskidir. T\u00e2rihte ilk f\u00fczeyi \u00c7inlilerin 1200 y\u0131llar\u0131 civ\u00e2r\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmektedir. \u00c7inliler, barutu<\/a> kullanarak havai fi\u015fe\u011fe benzeyen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck f\u00fczeler yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131. Bu fi\u015fekler aynen g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn modern f\u00fczeleri gibi gerilerinden alev f\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtarak u\u00e7uyorlar ve \u00c7inlilerin bayram gecelerini s\u00fcsl\u00fcyorlard\u0131. Bu bulu\u015f, Araplara daha sonra da Avrupal\u0131lara ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcrkler de, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn f\u00fczelerinin atas\u0131 say\u0131lan bu ilkel roketlerin yap\u0131m\u0131nda \u00f6nemli rol oynad\u0131lar. Lagari Hasan \u00c7elebi\u2019nin, bir top mermisi gibi yerden f\u0131rlayan ve arkas\u0131ndan alev sa\u00e7an bir f\u00fczenin \u00fcst\u00fcnde, y\u00fczlerce metre u\u00e7arak denize ini\u015f yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve ba\u015fta padi\u015fah olmak \u00fczere on binlerce \u0130stanbullunun hayranl\u0131kla seyretti\u011fi Evliya \u00c7elebi\u2019nin Seyahatnamesi\u2019nde anlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Belki de bu tecr\u00fcbe o zamana kadar ger\u00e7ekle \u015ftirilen ilk insanl\u0131 f\u00fcze u\u00e7u\u015f denemesiydi. Bu bak\u0131mdan Lagari Hasan \u00c7elebi\u2019nin \u00e7a\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kahramanl\u0131k say\u0131lan bu te\u015febb\u00fcs\u00fcyle, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz f\u00fczelerini in\u015fa eden Von Braunlar\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc say\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n

Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131: F\u00fczeler genellikle haberle\u015fme maksad\u0131yla veya bulunan yerin uza\u011f\u0131na halat ve ankraj atmak i\u00e7in kulan\u0131ld\u0131. Bu s\u00fbretle mesel\u00e2 sava\u015f mevzilerinin tel hatlar\u0131nda gedik a\u00e7mak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilmekteydi. Kullan\u0131lan barut f\u00fczeleri elle yap\u0131lmakta olup kullan\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 emniyetli de\u011fildi. S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan barut d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmekle veya \u00e2ni s\u0131cakl\u0131k de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fiyle patlayabilmekteydi. Daha sonra ser\u00ee \u00fcretime ge\u00e7ildi\u011finde, f\u00fcze de\u011fi\u015fik par\u00e7alar h\u00e2linde \u00eem\u00e2l edilmi\u015f ve sonra birle\u015ftirilmesi kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr geli\u015fme, 1936-1937\u2019de \u0130ngiltere ve Almanya\u2019da ve 1940\u2019ta ABD\u2019de g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u0130ngiliz f\u00fczelerinde % 50 nitrogliserin, % 41 nitrosel\u00fcloz ve % 9 dietildipenil; Amerikan f\u00fczelerinde ise % 60 nitrosel\u00fcloz, % 40 nitrogliserin ve az miktarda dipenilamin kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131: Bu sava\u015fta pek\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 f\u00fczenin geli\u015fmesi kaydedildi. Amerikan, Antitank (AT) f\u00fczeleri bunlardan biri olup, Mart 1943\u2019te ilk def\u00e2 Tunus\u2019ta kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130lk \u00f6nce 200 m olan menzili daha sonra 700 metreye kadar \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu arada Munroe etkisi ke\u015ffedilmi\u015ftir. Buna g\u00f6re, patlay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7i bo\u015falt\u0131l\u0131rsa, araba far\u0131n\u0131n \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir noktaya odaklad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, patlama kuvveti
\nodaklanmakta ve betonda veya z\u0131rhta beklenmedik derinlikte delikler a\u00e7maktayd\u0131. F\u00fczelerin t\u00fcrleri geli\u015ftirilerek u\u00e7aklardan <\/a>at\u0131lanlar\u0131 da elde edilmi\u015ftir. \u0130kinci D\u00fcny\u00e2 Sava\u015f\u0131nda 10 cm \u00e7apl\u0131 f\u00fczeler u\u00e7aklara kar\u015f\u0131 \u0130ngilizler taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve daha sonra \u00e7aplar\u0131 12,5 santimetreye \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk Alman f\u00fczeleri sis bombas\u0131 olarak 1941\u2019de kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu f\u00fczeler, 100 cm boyunda, 15 cm \u00e7ap\u0131nda ve 35 kg a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndayd\u0131. Menzilleri ise 6000 metreye varmaktayd\u0131. S\u00e2niyede bir at\u0131\u015f yapabilmekteydi ve alt\u0131 at\u0131\u015ftan sonra da tekrar doldurmak gerekliydi. F\u00fczelerin % 63\u2019\u00fc nitrosel\u00fcloz, % 35\u2019i dietilengl\u00fckol dinitral, % 0,5 karbonat, % 2 grafit ve mumdur.<\/p>\n

Sava\u015f sonras\u0131 geli\u015fme: En \u00f6nemli geli\u015fme yak\u0131t a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda olmu\u015ftur. 100-200 kilograml\u0131k yak\u0131t hay\u00e2l kabul edilirken, 10 y\u0131l sonra bir tonu a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 al\u0131\u015f\u0131lagelen bir durum kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Bu a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131ktaki yak\u0131t, 2,5 s\u00e2niyede kullan\u0131lmaktayd\u0131. Sava\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan \u201ck\u0131s\u0131tlanmam\u0131\u015f\u201d yanman\u0131n yerini \u201ck\u0131s\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f yanma\u201d alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yak\u0131t metal bir t\u00fcb\u00fcn i\u00e7ine yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f ve b\u0131rak\u0131lan bir delikle i\u00e7ten d\u0131\u015fa do\u011fru yanmas\u0131 sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. B\u00f6ylece yanmam\u0131\u015f k\u0131s\u0131m hem metal cidar\u0131 kuvvetlendirmekte ve hem de yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 sa\u011flamaktayd\u0131. Gaz bas\u0131nc\u0131 da en son yanma \u00e2n\u0131nda en b\u00fcy\u00fck olmaktayd\u0131. Kat\u0131 yakacaklar\u0131n s\u00fcrekli kullan\u0131ma haz\u0131r olmalar\u0131 tercih sebebi oldu. \u00d6zellikle asker\u00ee ama\u00e7lar i\u00e7in kat\u0131 yak\u0131t a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k bak\u0131m\u0131ndan s\u0131v\u0131 yak\u0131ta g\u00f6re on kat\u0131 pahal\u0131 olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k tercih edilir. ABD\u2019nin en b\u00fcy\u00fck kat\u0131 yak\u0131tl\u0131 su alt\u0131ndan at\u0131lan Polaris-3 f\u00fczeleri, 10 m boyunda, 15 ton civ\u00e2r\u0131nda olup, 4 kilometrelik menzile s\u00e2hipti. Minuteman ise 20 m boyunda, 30 ton civ\u00e2r\u0131nda 10 km menzilindedir. Poseidon ise daha yeni bir f\u00fcze olup, 5 kilometrelik menzile s\u00e2hiptir. ABD\u2019nin en b\u00fcy\u00fck kat\u0131 yak\u0131t f\u00fczesi, Titan III-C uzay iticisidir. 3 m \u00e7ap\u0131nda 30 m boyunda olup, 500 tonluk bir itici g\u00fcce s\u00e2hiptir.<\/p>\n

S\u0131v\u0131 yak\u0131tl\u0131 f\u00fczeler: \u0130lk \u00f6nce teorik olarak b\u00fcy\u00fck f\u00fczeler i\u00e7in s\u0131v\u0131 yak\u0131ta ihtiy\u00e2\u00e7 oldu\u011fu belirlenmi\u015ftir. Rus \u00f6\u011fretmen Konstantin E.Tsiolkovsky (1857-1935)nin bu teorik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 Amerikan Robert Hutchings Goddard (1882-1945)\u0131n deneysel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 t\u00e2kib etmi\u015ftir. 1923\u2019teki Alman matematik\u00e7isi Hermann Oberth (1894- ); teorik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yan\u0131nda, 1929\u2019da Rudolf Nebel (1897- ), Klaus Riedel (1910-1944) isimli m\u00fchendisler ve Wernher von Braun (1912-1977) isimli \u00f6\u011frenci ile s\u0131v\u0131 yak\u0131t kullanan f\u00fcze motoru \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ba\u015flad\u0131. 1932\u2019de Almanya, f\u00fczenin asker\u00ee faydas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rerek, \u00fczerinde ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Wernher von Braun\u2019un id\u00e2resinde kurulan laboratuvarda A-1, A-2 ve A-3 isimli f\u00fczeler geli\u015ftirildi. 8 m boyunda 75 cm \u00e7ap\u0131nda olan son f\u00fcze, 800 kg civ\u00e2r\u0131nda ve 1,5 tonluk bir itme g\u00fcc\u00fcne s\u00e2hipti. \u00d6nce A-5 f\u00fczesi ve daha sonra geciken A-4 f\u00fczesi denendi. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc denemesi ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 oldu. Ancak Adolf Hitler, bu f\u00fczelerin \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye eri\u015femeyece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek geli\u015fmeyi desteklemeye yana\u015fmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu zam\u00e2na kadar gizli kalan f\u00fcze teknolojisi, \u0130sve\u00e7 k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na vuran bir f\u00fcze ile \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n

Londra\u2019ya ilk f\u00fcze, 8 Eyl\u00fcl 1944\u2019te Hollanda\u2019dan at\u0131ld\u0131. V-2 ad\u0131yla bilinen bu f\u00fczenin 300 kilometrelik bir menzili vard\u0131. Dev\u00e2m\u0131nda 1300 f\u00fcze Almanlar taraf\u0131ndan ate\u015flendi. 1115\u2019i \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye eri\u015ferek 2724 ki\u015finin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne sebeb oldu. Harpten sonra 80 civ\u00e2r\u0131ndaki A-4 f\u00fczesi ve Almanlar\u0131n f\u00fcze i\u015fiyle u\u011fra\u015fan kurumunda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar, general Dornberger ve Dr. Von Braun da d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere ABD\u2019ye getirildi. F\u00fcze teknolojisi geli\u015ftirilerek menzili uzat\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. 1956 y\u0131l\u0131nda 400 km\u2019lik y\u00fcksekli\u011fe eri\u015fen f\u00fczeler yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu arada iki devreli f\u00fczeler yap\u0131ld\u0131. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olan ikinci ate\u015fleme k\u0131sm\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck olan k\u0131sm\u0131n bitiminden sonra devreye girmekteydi. 1957\u2019de ABD hava kuvvetleri, 1650 kilometreye eri\u015fen X-17 f\u00fczesini geli\u015ftirdi. Daha sonra d\u00f6rt devreli ve X- 17\u2019nin \u00fc\u00e7 kat\u0131 y\u00fcksekli\u011fine eri\u015fen f\u00fczeler yap\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Amerikan uzay f\u00fczeleri: Bunlardan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 24 m boyunda, 18 ton a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve 450 tonluk itme g\u00fcc\u00fcne s\u00e2hip Scout f\u00fczeleridir. Bunu Thor-Agena D ve Delta f\u00fczesi t\u00e2kib eder. Delta 30 m boyunda 80 tona varan itici g\u00fcce s\u00e2hiptir. Titan f\u00fczeleri bir seri olup, bunlardan Titan III-C iki \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck kat\u0131 yak\u0131t deposuna s\u00e2hiptir. Her biri 500 tonluk itici g\u00fc\u00e7 verebilecek kapasitededir. Saturn seride daha kuvvetli itici g\u00fcce s\u00e2hiptir. Mesel\u00e2 Saturn I 60 m y\u00fcksekli\u011finde, 500 tonluk bir ayr\u0131lma itici kuvvete s\u00e2hip f\u00fczedir. \u00d6zellikle Von Braun\u2019un in\u015f\u00e2 etti\u011fi Uz f\u00fczeleri Ay\u2019a gitmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan Saturn f\u00fczelerinin temelini meydana getirmi\u015ftir. Nitekim Almanya\u2019y\u0131 bat\u0131dan ve do\u011fudan i\u015fg\u00e2l eden Amerikal\u0131lar ve Ruslar, Almanlar\u0131 f\u00fcze end\u00fcstrilerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak bug\u00fcnk\u00fc dev uzay san\u00e2yiini meydana getirmi\u015flerdir. Zam\u00e2n\u0131m\u0131zda gerek klasik, gerekse n\u00fckleer patlay\u0131c\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131klar ta\u015f\u0131yan f\u00fczeler, b\u00fcy\u00fck geli\u015fmeler g\u00f6stermesine ra\u011fmen, f\u00fcze denildi\u011finde akla daha \u00e7ok uzaya g\u00f6nderilenleri gelmektedir. Ger\u00e7ekten de 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n son \u00e7eyre\u011finde harp ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan f\u00fczeler, deh\u015fetli bir u\u00e7u\u015f ve tahrip g\u00fcc\u00fcne eri\u015fmi\u015flerdir. Amerikal\u0131lar\u0131n orta menzilli n\u00fckleler ba\u015fl\u0131k ta\u015f\u0131yan ve hedefini b\u00fcnyesindeki bilgisayar s\u00e2yesinde, pilotsuz bir u\u00e7ak gibi bulan \u201cak\u0131ll\u0131 f\u00fcze\u201d Cruiseleri ve Pershingleri ve Ruslar\u0131n SS-20 f\u00fczeleri bunlardand\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ak\u0131ll\u0131 f\u00fczeler di\u011ferleri gibi hareketli bir noktan\u0131n t\u00e2kib etti\u011fi yolda gitmemektedir. Jet motoruyla donat\u0131lan f\u00fczeler, havadan, denizden veya karadan kara hedeflerine do\u011fru f\u0131rlat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7inde bir pilot varm\u0131\u015f gibi, \u00e7e\u015fitli y\u00fckseklikler alarak \u00e7e\u015fitli istik\u00e2metlere do\u011fru u\u00e7arak, radarlardan ka\u00e7abilmekte, b\u00f6ylece uzaktaki hedefini rahatl\u0131kla vurabilmektedir. Bu hareketinden dolay\u0131 hangi hedefe g\u00f6nderildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lamamaktad\u0131r. \u00c7ok geli\u015fmi\u015f bir bilgisayar donan\u0131m\u0131na s\u00e2hiptir. Tercon ismi verilen elektronik tertibat\u0131 ile u\u00e7u\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00fczerinden ge\u00e7ti\u011fi ar\u00e2zinin topografyas\u0131n\u0131 bilgisayardaki kay\u0131tla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmakta gerekirse gerekli rota d\u00fczeltmelerini yaparak hedefini aray\u0131p bulmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, f\u0131rlat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 andan \u00eetib\u00e2ren u\u00e7u\u015f yoluna rastlayan tabi\u00ee engelleri i\u00e7ine yerle\u015ftirilen sistemle g\u00f6rmekte, gerekli hesaplar\u0131 yapt\u0131ktan sonra, y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc ayarlayabilmektedir. On kilometrelik sahay\u0131 g\u00f6rerek gerekli y\u00f6ne d\u00f6nebilmektedir. U\u00e7aktan at\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra yere paralel olarak \u00e7e\u015fitli y\u00fcksekliklerden u\u00e7abildi\u011finden, radarlar taraf\u0131ndan tesbit edilememektedir. \u00d6nlerine \u00e7\u0131kan m\u00e2nilerin \u00fczerinden a\u015farak veya dolanarak hedefe ula\u015fmalar\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fundan tam is\u00e2bet sa\u011flanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k insano\u011flunu Ay\u2019a g\u00f6t\u00fcrmekte kullan\u0131lan Saturn roketleri, gerek motorlar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcthi\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc ve gerekse b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckleriyle ne \u0130kinci D\u00fcny\u00e2 Sava\u015f\u0131ndaki V-2 roketleriyle, ne de Cruise f\u00fczeleriyle k\u0131yaslanabilir. Apollo-11 uzay arac\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yan Sat\u00fcrn-5 roketi, 35 katl\u0131 bin\u00e2 y\u00fcksekli\u011finde olup, motorlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fc New York gibi bir \u015fehrin enerji ihtiy\u00e2c\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yabilecek \u015fekildedir. F\u00fczelerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensibi, en basit \u015fekliyle, balon deneyiyle a\u00e7\u0131klanabilir. \u015ei\u015firip, elimizle a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131 tuttu\u011fumuz bir balonu, serbest b\u0131rak\u0131rsak, hava \u015fiddetle a\u011fz\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131karak balonu ileriye iter. F\u00fczelerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u015fekli b\u00f6yledir. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u015fekli, f\u00fcze motoru incelenirse daha basit yap\u0131da say\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

\u0130ki deposu vard\u0131r: Birincisi yak\u0131t, ikincisi oksitleyici madde i\u00e7indir. Yak\u0131t, oksitleyici madde yard\u0131m\u0131yla yanma odas\u0131nda yanarak gaz h\u00e2line gelir ve huni bi\u00e7imindeki egzozdan d\u0131\u015far\u0131 f\u0131\u015fk\u0131rarak, f\u00fczeyi ileri iter. \u00d6zellikle uzaya g\u00f6nderilen f\u00fczelerde bulunan oksitleyici maddenin \u00f6nemli bir fonksiyonu vard\u0131r: Uzay\u0131n oksijensiz ortam\u0131nda motoru ate\u015flemek. Uzayda atmosferin, y\u00e2ni havan\u0131n\u00a0 bulunmamas\u0131 f\u00fczenin hareketi y\u00f6n\u00fcnden \u00f6nemli bir fayda da sa\u011flar. Y\u00e2ni havan\u0131n yoklu\u011fu bir kay\u0131p de\u011fil, aksine kazan\u00e7 olmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc f\u00fcze hareket ederken havan\u0131n direnci gibi bir g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fckle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmamaktad\u0131r. Yukar\u0131da da a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi f\u00fczeler kat\u0131 yak\u0131tl\u0131 ve s\u0131v\u0131 yak\u0131tl\u0131 f\u00fczeler olmak \u00fczere ba\u015fl\u0131ca ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

S\u0131v\u0131 yak\u0131tla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan motorlarda yak\u0131t olarak genellikle rafine edilmi\u015f petrol (kerosen), oksitleyici olarak da s\u0131v\u0131 oksijen kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0Kerosen kullan\u0131lmay\u0131p, s\u0131v\u0131 hidrojen kullan\u0131labilir. Yaln\u0131z s\u0131v\u0131 hidrojenin\u00a0verimli olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k, yan\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6zelli\u011fi tehlikeli olmaktad\u0131r. S\u0131v\u0131 yak\u0131tla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan f\u00fcze motorlar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131 yukar\u0131da \u00eez\u00e2h edildi\u011fi gibidir. Buna kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k kat\u0131 yak\u0131tla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan f\u00fczelerin i\u00e7i, i\u00e7i \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir kur\u015fun kaleme benzer. Bu f\u00fczelerde v\u00e2s\u0131t\u00e2n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00f6vdesi,\u00a0hem yak\u0131t deposu, hem de yanma odas\u0131 g\u00f6revini g\u00f6rmektedir. Kat\u0131 yak\u0131tlar, asl\u0131nda k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck t\u00e2necikler h\u00e2linde s\u0131v\u0131 yak\u0131ttan ba\u015fka bir \u015fey de\u011fildir. Kat\u0131 yak\u0131tlar\u0131n enerjisi s\u0131v\u0131 yak\u0131ta g\u00f6re d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. Ancak f\u00fczenin i\u00e7inde y\u0131llarca saklanabilmekte ve derh\u00e2l harekete ge\u00e7irilebilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Yak\u0131n zamanlarda n\u00fckleer g\u00fc\u00e7le \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan f\u00fczeler de yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle, uzayda \u00e7ok uzaklara g\u00f6nderilen insans\u0131z ke\u015fif ara\u00e7lar\u0131 bu \u00e7e\u015fit f\u00fczelerle donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde uzay meki\u011fi gibi kompleks (karma\u015f\u0131k) bir uzay gemisi yap\u0131lmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, yer\u00e7ekiminin dev g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn yenilmesi, yine f\u00fczelere ihtiy\u00e2\u00e7 g\u00f6stermekte ve f\u00fcze teknolojisi zaman ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e geli\u015fmektedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

F\u00fczeyi kim icat etti. F\u00fczelerin veya ba\u015fka bir if\u00e2deyle roketlerin t\u00e2rihi, olduk\u00e7a eskidir. T\u00e2rihte ilk f\u00fczeyi \u00c7inlilerin 1200 y\u0131llar\u0131 civ\u00e2r\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmektedir. \u00c7inliler, barutu kullanarak havai fi\u015fe\u011fe benzeyen k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck f\u00fczeler…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[345],"tags":[1469,1470],"class_list":["post-2814","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-askeri","tag-fuze","tag-roket"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2814"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2814"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2814\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9015,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2814\/revisions\/9015"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2814"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2814"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2814"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}