{"id":290,"date":"2010-12-23T22:49:03","date_gmt":"2010-12-23T20:49:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=290"},"modified":"2018-08-25T19:17:52","modified_gmt":"2018-08-25T17:17:52","slug":"balonu-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=290","title":{"rendered":"Balonu kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Balon i\u00e7ine havadan daha hafif gaz veya s\u0131cak hava doldurularak u\u00e7mas\u0131 sa\u011flanan, kuma\u015f, ka\u011f\u0131t, kau\u00e7uk naylon, poli\u00fcretan veya neopren gibi maddelerin kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndan k\u00fcre veya armut bi\u00e7iminde yap\u0131lan bir u\u00e7ma arac\u0131. Balonun bulunu\u015fu, tarih \u00f6ncesi insanlara kadar dayan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

O d\u00f6nemde insanlar, havayla \u015fi\u015firilmi\u015f hayvan derilerinin suya batmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kavrayarak, bundan y\u00fczme amac\u0131yla yararland\u0131lar. \u0130\u00e7ine belirli gazlar doldurulan herhangi bir torban\u0131n yery\u00fcz\u00fcnden havalanaca\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin ilk bulgular ise, 17. yy’da Evangelista Torricelli<\/strong><\/a> gibi atmosferi ve onu olu\u015fturan gazlar\u0131 incelemeye ba\u015flayan \u0130talyan bilim adamlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan saptand\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130ngiliz kimyac\u0131 Robert Boyle<\/strong> ise, iki \u00f6nemli saptama yapt\u0131: \u0130lk kez olarak en hafif gaz\u0131n hidrojen oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlad\u0131 ve “belirli bir miktar gaz\u0131n hacmi geni\u015fletilirse, bas\u0131n\u00e7 azal\u0131r, tersine, gaz daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir hacim i\u00e7ine s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rsa, bas\u0131n\u00e7 y\u00fckselir” \u015feklinde tan\u0131mlanan ve kendi ad\u0131yla an\u0131lan “Boyle Kanunu<\/strong>” nu buldu.<\/p>\n

1766 y\u0131l\u0131nda, bir ba\u015fka \u0130ngiliz bilim adam\u0131, Henry Cavendish<\/strong>, ilk kez hidrojeni “tartt\u0131” ve havadan on bir kez daha hafif oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi (Asl\u0131nda 14 kez daha hafiftir). \u0130sko\u00e7yal\u0131 bilim adam\u0131 Joseph Black de, bu bulgudan yola \u00e7\u0131karak, i\u00e7ine hidrojen doldurulmu\u015f bir balonun yerden havalanmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n

Balon’u kim icat etti<\/h2>\n

1782’de, k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t yap\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Frans\u0131z Joseph ve Etienne Montgolfier<\/strong> karde\u015fler, bir oda i\u00e7erisinde, s\u0131cak havayla doldurulmu\u015f balonu havaland\u0131rmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131lar. Bu ilk balon, ipekten yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ve alt ucunda bir delik vard\u0131. Hacmi ise 1.32 metrek\u00fcpt\u00fc. Balonun a\u00e7\u0131k a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda k\u00e2\u011f\u0131tlar yak\u0131ld\u0131 ve havaland\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. 1783 bahar\u0131nda Montgolfier karde\u015fler, deneylerini daha b\u00fcy\u00fck boyutlarda,ama tabii bu kez a\u00e7\u0131k havada yinelediler. K\u00e2\u011f\u0131ttan yapt\u0131klar\u0131 616 metrek\u00fcpl\u00fck balonun \u00fczerini, \u00f6zel bir bezle kaplad\u0131lar ve ayn\u0131 sistemle balonu 2 bin metre havaland\u0131rmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l, Frans\u0131z fizik\u00e7i J.A.C. Charles<\/strong>, 28 metrek\u00fcpl\u00fck bir balonu, i\u00e7ine hidrojen doldurarak u\u00e7urmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131. Balonda, Charles’ tan ba\u015fka iki de yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 vard\u0131. Paris \u00fczerinde dola\u015f\u0131rlarken, \u00e7ift\u00e7iler, g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnden \u00fczerlerine do\u011fru gelen bu “canavar”a kar\u015f\u0131, yabalarla sald\u0131r\u0131ya ge\u00e7tiler.<\/p>\n

\u0130nsan ta\u015f\u0131yan ilk s\u0131cak hava balonu, 1783 y\u0131l\u0131 Kas\u0131m ay\u0131nda Paris’te Bois de Boulogne yak\u0131nlar\u0131ndan havaland\u0131. Mavi ve alt\u0131n sar\u0131s\u0131 renklerindeki bu harika balonun yap\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131, Montgolfier karde\u015flerdi. Tarih\u00e7i Jean Pil\u00e2tre de Rozier ve Marki d’Arlandes de ilk g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc yolcular oldular.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Balon i\u00e7ine havadan daha hafif gaz veya s\u0131cak hava doldurularak u\u00e7mas\u0131 sa\u011flanan, kuma\u015f, ka\u011f\u0131t, kau\u00e7uk naylon, poli\u00fcretan veya neopren gibi maddelerin kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndan k\u00fcre veya armut bi\u00e7iminde yap\u0131lan bir u\u00e7ma arac\u0131….<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10482,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[92,24],"tags":[216,2796,223],"class_list":["post-290","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bilim","category-gezi","tag-balon","tag-montgolfier-kardesler","tag-ucan-balon"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/290"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=290"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/290\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11716,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/290\/revisions\/11716"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10482"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=290"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=290"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=290"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}