{"id":2956,"date":"2012-12-21T06:16:23","date_gmt":"2012-12-21T04:16:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=2956"},"modified":"2018-02-19T14:16:26","modified_gmt":"2018-02-19T12:16:26","slug":"jeneratoru-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=2956","title":{"rendered":"Jenerat\u00f6r\u00fc kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Jenerat\u00f6r\u00fc kim icat etti. Jenerat\u00f6r <\/strong>herhangi bir enerji t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc elektrik enerjisine \u00e7eviren makinad\u0131r. Bu cihazlara, mekanik enerjiyi elektrik <\/a>enerjisine \u00e7eviren makinalar, kimy\u00e2sal enerjiyi elektrik enerjisine \u00e7eviren bataryalar, \u0131\u015f\u0131k enerjisini elektri\u011fe d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren fotoelektrik h\u00fccreleri, \u0131s\u0131 enerjisini elektrik enerjisine \u00e7eviren termoelektrik jenerat\u00f6rler d\u00e2hildir.<\/p>\n

Dinamo denilen elektromanyetik jenerat\u00f6rde bir bobin, manyetik alan i\u00e7inde end\u00fcksiyon \u00e7izgilerini kesecek \u015fekilde hareket ettirilir. Elektrostatik jenerat\u00f6rde (Van de Graaf jenerat\u00f6r\u00fc, Wimshurst makinas\u0131) mekanik enerji, elektrostatik end\u00fcksiyon veya s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme ile \u00fcretilen e\u015fit ve z\u0131t elektrik\u00ee y\u00fcklere b\u00f6l\u00fcnerek sarf edilir.<\/p>\n

Jenerat\u00f6rler<\/strong>, en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck tesisten en b\u00fcy\u00fcklerine kadar de\u011fi\u015fik b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fck ve kapasitelerde \u00eem\u00e2l edilir. Alternatif y\u00e2ni dalgal\u0131 ak\u0131m \u00fcretenlerine alternat\u00f6r, do\u011fru ak\u0131m \u00fcretenlere de, do\u011fru ak\u0131m jenerat\u00f6rleri veya dinamo denir. Sonu\u00e7ta elde edilen ister AC (alternatif ak\u0131m) olsun ister DC (do\u011fru ak\u0131m) olsun elektrik enerjisinin kayna\u011f\u0131 ayn\u0131d\u0131r. Sadece makinan\u0131n tasla\u011f\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiktir.<\/p>\n

Bir jenerat\u00f6r\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in gerekli mekanik enerji, su t\u00fcrbini, buhar t\u00fcrbini, i\u00e7ten yanmal\u0131 motor veya gaz t\u00fcrbini gibi ilk hareketi veren \u00e2letlerle sa\u011flan\u0131r. Mekanik enerjiyi elektrik enerjisine \u00e7eviren iki tip ana makina vard\u0131r: Alternatif ak\u0131m AC jenerat\u00f6rleri ve do\u011fru ak\u0131m DC jenerat\u00f6rleri. Elektrik enerjisinin \u00e7o\u011fu g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde AC jenerat\u00f6rleri ile \u00fcretilir ve bu \u00e2letlere Alternat\u00f6r ad\u0131 verilir. AC, \u0130ngilizce Alternatif Current (Alternatif Ak\u0131m) kelimelerinin ba\u015f harfleri; DC ise Dieckt Current (Do\u011fru Ak\u0131m) kelimelerinin ba\u015f harfleri al\u0131narak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Alternat\u00f6rler, senkron jenerat\u00f6rler de denilen makinalar, hemen hemen b\u00fct\u00fcn buharl\u0131 ve su enerjisi ile g\u00fc\u00e7 elde eden santrallerde esas jenerat\u00f6rlerdir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc transformat\u00f6rler alternatif voltaj\u0131 kolayl\u0131kla y\u00fckseltir ve al\u00e7alt\u0131r. Elektrik enerjisinin, uzak mes\u00e2felere nakli i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek voltaj, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m ve kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck voltaj uygundur. 1880\u2019de Thomas Edison<\/strong> ve Joseph Swarm<\/strong> elektrik ampul\u00fcn\u00fc<\/a> bulunca, jenerat\u00f6rlere ve g\u00fc\u00e7 kaynaklar\u0131na b\u00fcy\u00fck ihtiya\u00e7 duyuldu. Edison \u015firketi 1882\u2019de New York\u2019ta, Londra\u2019da ve Milan\u2019da elektrik enerisini ayd\u0131nlatmada kullanmak i\u00e7in DC \u00fcreten merkezler kurdu. Bundan az sonra DC ve AC ak\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bir tart\u0131\u015fma ba\u015flad\u0131. 1890 ba\u015flar\u0131na kadar olan transformat\u00f6rlerdeki ve jenerat\u00f6r sistemlerindeki geli\u015fmeler sonucunda Amerikal\u0131 Nikola Tesla<\/strong><\/a> AC\u2019nin elektrik\u00ee g\u00fc\u00e7 naklindeki kullan\u0131m avantajlar\u0131n\u0131 ispat etti. AC jenerat\u00f6rlerini kullanan ilk b\u00fcy\u00fck hidroelektrik santrali Niagara \u015fel\u00e2lesinde 1895\u2019te a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Jenerat\u00f6r\u00fc kim icat etti. Jenerat\u00f6r herhangi bir enerji t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc elektrik enerjisine \u00e7eviren makinad\u0131r. Bu cihazlara, mekanik enerjiyi elektrik enerjisine \u00e7eviren makinalar, kimy\u00e2sal enerjiyi elektrik enerjisine \u00e7eviren bataryalar, \u0131\u015f\u0131k enerjisini elektri\u011fe…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[317,1],"tags":[2185],"class_list":["post-2956","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-is-dunyasi","category-teknoloji","tag-jenerator"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2956"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2956"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2956\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9723,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2956\/revisions\/9723"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2956"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2956"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2956"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}