{"id":2964,"date":"2012-02-12T06:24:31","date_gmt":"2012-02-12T04:24:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=2964"},"modified":"2015-03-19T03:51:08","modified_gmt":"2015-03-19T01:51:08","slug":"jet-motorunu-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=2964","title":{"rendered":"Jet Motorunu kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Jet Motorunu kim icat etti.<\/strong> G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bir \u00e7ok <a title=\"U\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 Kim Buldu\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/ucagi-kim-buldu\/\">u\u00e7akta <\/a>kullan\u0131lan bir motor tipidir jet motoru. Kapal\u0131 bir kapta bas\u0131n\u00e7 alt\u0131nda\u00a0bulunan gazlar\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131ktan f\u0131\u015fk\u0131rmas\u0131yla hareket y\u00f6n\u00fcne ters istikamette meydana gelen\u00a0tepki kuvvetinden faydalanarak hareket sa\u011flayan motor olarak tan\u0131mlanabilir. \u015ei\u015firilmi\u015f bir balonu serbest b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda\u00a0h\u0131zla ka\u00e7an havan\u0131n tepkisi ile balonun f\u0131rlay\u0131p gitmesi bu \u015fekildeki jet tepkisinin en basit \u00f6rne\u011fidir. Jet motorunun icad\u0131 ve kimin icat etti\u011fini \u00f6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in baz\u0131 \u00f6nemli bilgilere g\u00f6z atal\u0131m.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jet tepkisinin tarih\u00e7esi<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Gaz tepkimesiyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ilk makina M.S. 250 y\u0131l\u0131nda <strong>Aleksandriali Heron<\/strong>\u00a0taraf\u0131ndan buhar tepkisinden faydalan\u0131larak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. Bu, i\u00e7ine g\u00f6nderilen buhar\u0131 iki taraf\u0131nda\u00a0bulunan k\u0131vr\u0131k borulardan f\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtarak d\u00f6nen bir k\u00fcresel kap \u015feklindeydi. Gaz tepkisiyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan roketler,\u00a0M.S. 1232\u2019de Kaifengfu Sava\u015f\u0131nda \u00c7inliler taraf\u0131ndan sil\u00e2h olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131. \u00c7inlilerin ayn\u0131 prensibe\u00a0g\u00f6re \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan havai fi\u015fekleri kullanmalar\u0131 M.\u00d6. 3000 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar dayan\u0131r. \u0130nsan taraf\u0131ndan idare edilen\u00a0ilk ta\u015f\u0131t arac\u0131n\u0131n gaz tepkisiyle tahriki, \u0130ngiliz fizik\u00e7i <strong>Newton<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. 1687\u2019de Newton\u00a0\u201cHareket Miktar\u0131 Teoremi\u201d ile jet tepkisini fiziki olarak a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Bunun uygulamas\u0131 olarak da buhar\u00a0tepkisi kullanarak bir araban\u0131n hareketini sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jet motorunun geli\u015ftirilmesi ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma prensibi<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn jet motorlar\u0131n\u0131n esas\u0131 olan gaz\u00a0t\u00fcrbini ilk defa 1791 y\u0131l\u0131nda <strong>John Baber<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan tasarland\u0131. \u0130lk ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 uygulama ise 1911\u2019de Alfred\u00a0B\u00fcchi taraf\u0131ndan tasarlanan t\u00fcrbo\u015farj\u00f6rlerin Brow-boveri firmas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u00eem\u00e2li ve 1916\u2019da u\u00e7aklarda\u00a0kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanmas\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. Gaz t\u00fcrbininin bir uygulamas\u0131 olan t\u00fcrbo\u015farj\u00f6r motordan\u00a0\u00e7\u0131kan s\u0131cak egzoz gazlar\u0131n\u0131n bir t\u00fcrbini, t\u00fcrbinin de motorun yanma odas\u0131na s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 hava\u00a0g\u00f6nderen kompres\u00f6r\u00fc tahrik etmesiyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Bas\u0131n\u00e7l\u0131 havan\u0131n i\u00e7ine yak\u0131t p\u00fcsk\u00fcrt\u00fclmesi ile yanma\u00a0sonucu \u0131s\u0131narak aniden geni\u015fleyen hava egzostan h\u0131zla \u00e7\u0131karken t\u00fcrbini de d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcr. Bu \u015fekilde\u00a0motorun g\u00fcc\u00fc \u00e7ok artar.<\/p>\n<p>Egzoz gazlar\u0131n\u0131n jet tepkisinden u\u00e7aklar\u0131n tahrikinde faydalanmay\u0131\u00a0tasarlayarak ilk olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren ki\u015fi \u0130ngiliz Krall\u0131k Hava kuvvetleri pilotlar\u0131ndan <strong>Frank Whittle<\/strong>\u2019dir.\u00a0Whittle, 1930 y\u0131l\u0131nda, bir gaz t\u00fcrbini ile bir dif\u00fcz\u00f6r\u00fc birle\u015ftirerek yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 jet motorunun patentini ald\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>1936 y\u0131l\u0131nda <strong>turbojet<\/strong> ad\u0131yla da bilinen bu motorun geli\u015ftirilmesi ve \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in Power Jets Ltd. adl\u0131 bir\u00a0\u015firket kurdu. 1939\u2019da \u0130ngilizlerden \u00f6nce Almanlar, 1937\u2019de Hans-Joachim Pabst von Ohain taraf\u0131ndan\u00a0geli\u015ftirilen Hes 3B adl\u0131 jet motorunu ilk defa bir u\u00e7akta kullanarak Heinkel He 178 ile bir deneme u\u00e7u\u015fu\u00a0yapt\u0131lar. Fakat ilk ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 uygulama Whittle taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen Power Jet W.1 adl\u0131 jet motorunu\u00a0kullanan Gloster G.49 u\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 ile 15 May\u0131s 1941\u2019de \u0130ngilizler taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildi. Jet u\u00e7aklar\u0131 \u0130kinci\u00a0D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 boyunca kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve sava\u015f\u0131n seyrinin de\u011fi\u015fmesinde \u00f6nemli rol oynam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Sava\u015f\u00a0s\u0131ras\u0131nda en ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 uygulama ise Messerschmitt Me-262 u\u00e7aklar\u0131yla Almanlar taraf\u0131ndan\u00a0ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Bu u\u00e7aklarda Almanlar g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde kullan\u0131lan eksenel ak\u0131\u015fl\u0131 kompres\u00f6rleri\u00a0ba\u015far\u0131yla uygulam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u0130ngilizlerin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdikleri jet motorlar\u0131nda ise merkezka\u00e7 kompres\u00f6rler\u00a0kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jet Motorunu kim icat etti. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bir \u00e7ok u\u00e7akta kullan\u0131lan bir motor tipidir jet motoru. Kapal\u0131 bir kapta bas\u0131n\u00e7 alt\u0131nda\u00a0bulunan gazlar\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 bir a\u00e7\u0131kl\u0131ktan f\u0131\u015fk\u0131rmas\u0131yla hareket y\u00f6n\u00fcne ters istikamette meydana&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1511,1513,1514,1517,1512,1516,1515],"class_list":["post-2964","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-teknoloji","tag-frank-whittle","tag-jet","tag-jet-motoru","tag-jet-motorunu-kim-icat-etti","tag-john-baber","tag-turbo","tag-turbojet"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2964"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2964"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2964\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5118,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2964\/revisions\/5118"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2964"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2964"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2964"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}