\u00c7ayda, kahvede, kolada bulunan uyar\u0131c\u0131 ve rahatl\u0131k
\nverici \u00f6zelli\u011fiyle tan\u0131nan bir madde. P\u00fcrin baz\u0131n\u0131 ihtiv\u00e2 eden ksantin maddesinin metilli t\u00fcrevidir. \u0130lk
\nolarak 1920 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Runge taraf\u0131ndan kahveden elde edildi. Bug\u00fcn bir\u00e7ok memleketlerde kullan\u0131lan
\n\u00e7ay, kahve ve benzeri alkols\u00fcz ve uyar\u0131c\u0131 me\u015frubatlar, \u00e7e\u015fitli bitkilerin \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ile haz\u0131rlan\u0131rlar ve hepsi
\nde\u011fi\u015fik nisbetlerde ksantin bile\u015fikleri ismi ile an\u0131lan m\u00fcessir (etken) maddelerden en az birini ihtiv\u00e2
\nederler. T\u0131bb\u00ee ve farmokoloji bak\u0131m\u0131ndan kafein, teofilin ve teobromin diye an\u0131lan \u00fc\u00e7 ksantin
\nbile\u015fi\u011finden en etkili olan\u0131 kafeindir.<\/p>\n
\u00c7ay\u0131n haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan \u201cthea chinensis\u201d yapraklar\u0131nda % 1,5-5 oran\u0131nda kafein bulunur.
\nKahvenin haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan \u201ccaffea arabica\u201d t\u00e2neleri % 1-2 oran\u0131nda kafein ihtiv\u00e2 eder.
\nBir bardak \u00e7ay veya bir fincan kahve, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yukar\u0131 e\u015fit miktarlarda 0,1 il\u00e2 0,2 gr kadar kafein ta\u015f\u0131r. Z\u00eera
\n\u00e7ay yapraklar\u0131 daha fazla kafein ihtiv\u00e2 etmelerine ra\u011fmen, haz\u0131rlan\u0131\u015f tekni\u011fi dolay\u0131s\u0131yle bu fazlal\u0131k
\nortadan kalkar.<\/p>\n
Orta Afrika yerlilerinin keyif verici i\u00e7ki haz\u0131rlamak i\u00e7in kulland\u0131klar\u0131 kola t\u00e2neleri ve Arjantin\u2019de \u00e7ay gibi,
\nenf\u00fczyon (s\u0131cakta bitkisel materiyeli su ile kaynatmak ve etken maddeyi ay\u0131rma us\u00fbl\u00fc) \u015feklinde
\nhaz\u0131rlanan mat\u00e9 veya Paraguay \u00e7ay\u0131 yapraklar\u0131 az miktarda kafein ihtiv\u00e2 ederler.<\/p>\n
Kafein \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek dozda huzursuzluk, ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, asabiyet, uykusuzluk ve reflekslerin \u015fiddetlenmesine
\nsebeb olur. Kahve ve \u00e7ay gibi i\u00e7eceklerle al\u0131nan kafeine kar\u015f\u0131 al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131k husule geldi\u011fi bilinmektedir.
\nAncak bu al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131k basit bir al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131k \u015feklindedir; y\u00e2ni psikolojik ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k vard\u0131r, fizik\u00ee ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k yoktur.
\nUzun s\u00fcre kullan\u0131lmakla ksantin bile\u015fiklerinin bilhassa idrar miktar\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 (di\u00fcretik) ve damar
\ngeni\u015fletici (vazodilatat\u00f6r) etkilerine kar\u015f\u0131 al\u0131\u015fma hus\u00fble gelir. Devaml\u0131 olarak kafeinli i\u00e7ecekler
\nkullananlarda kafeinin sebeb oldu\u011fu uyku ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 etkiye kar\u015f\u0131 bir miktar tolerans (al\u0131\u015farak etkilenme)
\ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de ger\u00e7ektir.<\/p>\n
Kafeinin insan i\u00e7in \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc dozunun 10 gram\u0131n \u00fczerinde oldu\u011fu kabul
\nedilmektedir. Zehirlenme belirtileri, \u015fiddetleri doza ba\u011fl\u0131 olmak \u00fczere, yukar\u0131da belirtilen farmakolojik
\ntesirlerden ib\u00e2rettir. Yaln\u0131z son safhada hipotansiyon (tansiyon d\u00fc\u015fmesi) ve solunum felci hus\u00fble gelir.
\nMerkez\u00ee sinir sistemlerinin daha hassas olmas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00e7ocuklarda zehirlilik daha y\u00fcksektir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u00c7ayda, kahvede, kolada bulunan uyar\u0131c\u0131 ve rahatl\u0131k verici \u00f6zelli\u011fiyle tan\u0131nan bir madde. P\u00fcrin baz\u0131n\u0131 ihtiv\u00e2 eden ksantin maddesinin metilli t\u00fcrevidir. \u0130lk olarak 1920 y\u0131llar\u0131nda Runge taraf\u0131ndan kahveden elde edildi. Bug\u00fcn…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[2141],"class_list":["post-3070","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-yiyecek-icecek","tag-kafein"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3070"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3070"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3070\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7703,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3070\/revisions\/7703"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3070"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3070"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3070"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}