{"id":3140,"date":"2012-07-13T05:00:58","date_gmt":"2012-07-13T03:00:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=3140"},"modified":"2016-12-25T15:06:10","modified_gmt":"2016-12-25T13:06:10","slug":"kita-kaymasini-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=3140","title":{"rendered":"K\u0131talar\u0131n Kaymas\u0131’n\u0131 kim buldu, kim ke\u015ffetti"},"content":{"rendered":"

K\u0131talar\u0131n, ilk ba\u015fta\u00a0bir b\u00fct\u00fcnken daha sonra, okyanus kabu\u011funun zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden, d\u00fcny\u00e2n\u0131n y\u00fczeyi \u00fczerinde kayarak\u00a0birbirinden ayr\u0131lmas\u0131.\u00a0Asr\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda, Amerikan jeolo\u011fu Frank Taylor<\/strong>, k\u0131talar\u0131n \u00e7ok eskiden dev bir kara k\u00fctlesi\u00a0meydana getirdikleri fikri ile ilk defa ilgilenmi\u015fti.<\/p>\n

1908\u2019de o zaman i\u00e7in hayal\u00ee olan, k\u0131talar\u0131n\u00a0birbirlerinden \u015fimdiki durumlar\u0131na kadar ayr\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 teorisini ortaya att\u0131. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, bu\u00a0geli\u015fmelerden habersiz olarak Alman meteoroloji bilgini, astronom ve jeofizik\u00e7isi Alfred Wegener<\/strong>, ayn\u0131\u00a0konu \u00fczerinde ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapmaktayd\u0131. 1915\u2019te K\u0131talar ve Okyanuslar\u0131n Orjini kitab\u0131n\u0131 yazarak, bu\u00a0teori hakk\u0131nda s\u00f6z sahibi oldu\u011funu duyurdu. Kontinentverschiebung (karalar\u0131n kaymas\u0131) nazariyesini\u00a0kurmu\u015f ve be\u015f (bug\u00fcn i\u00e7in alt\u0131) k\u0131tan\u0131n evvelce birbirine ba\u011fl\u0131 olup, sonra yava\u015f yava\u015f ayr\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131\u00a0s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. Wegener\u2019e g\u00f6re, paleozoikum ve mezozoikum devirlerinde k\u0131talar birbirlerine yap\u0131\u015f\u0131k idi.\u00a0Paleozoikum sonuna kadar, hayvanlar, G\u00fcney Amerika ile Afrika, Asya ve Avustralya aras\u0131nda kara\u00a0yolculu\u011fu yapm\u0131\u015flar, Eosen\u2019den itibaren Afrika\u2019da ya\u015fayan hayvanlar, karadan G\u00fcney Amerika\u2019ya\u00a0ge\u00e7mi\u015flerdir.<\/p>\n

Bundan sonraki 40 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde teori \u00e7ok az ilgi g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Tahmin ve bunun yan\u0131s\u0131ra \u00e7ok az delile dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131
\ni\u00e7in tenkid edildi. Wegener\u2019in fikrini kabullenenlerden biri olan, G\u00fcney Amerikal\u0131 Jeolog Alexander du<\/strong>
\n Joit<\/strong>, G\u00fcney Afrika ve Brezilya\u2019da ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapm\u0131\u015f ve teoriyi destekleyen bir\u00e7ok jeolojik delil elde
\netmi\u015ftir. Du Joit\u2019in ve di\u011fer bilim adamlar\u0131n\u0131n fikirleri kabul edilmesine ra\u011fmen, k\u0131talar\u0131n bu \u015fekilde
\nkaymas\u0131na sebeb olacak bir mekanizma bilinmedi\u011finden, \u00e7o\u011funluk gene teoriye kar\u015f\u0131yd\u0131. Teori ancak,
\nk\u0131talar\u0131n d\u00fcny\u00e2 kabu\u011funun \u00fcst\u00fcnde \u00e7ok yava\u015f olarak kayd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ispatlanmas\u0131 ile kabul g\u00f6rd\u00fc.
\n1960\u2019larda, teori tam\u00e2men kabul edildi ve yeni a\u00e7\u0131klamalar getirildi. Bu a\u00e7\u0131klamalardan birisi, daha
\n\u00f6nce birle\u015fik olan k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n, ayn\u0131 jeolojik yap\u0131ya ve benzer fosillere s\u00e2hip olmas\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n

On dokuzuncu as\u0131rda, \u015fimdiki k\u0131talar\u0131n iki b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131ta olarak mevcut oldu\u011fu \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Bunlar,
\ng\u00fcneyde bulunan \u201cGondwanaland\u201d ve kuzeyde bulunan \u201cLaurasia\u201dyd\u0131. Bu iki dev k\u0131ta, birbirinden
\n\u201cTethys Okyanusu\u201d ile ayr\u0131lmaktayd\u0131. Bu iddi\u00e2, G\u00fcney Amerika ile Afrika\u2019n\u0131n birle\u015ftirilebilmesi gibi kesin
\nolmay\u0131p, biraz daha az kuvvetlidir. Hatta Wegener daha da ileri giderek bu ikisinin de \u00e7ok eskiden
\nberaber oldu\u011funu iddia etmi\u015f ve bunu Pangaea olarak isimlendirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n \u015fekli bu teoriye g\u00f6re \u00e7ok yava\u015f da olsa de\u011fi\u015fmektedir. Mesel\u00e2, B\u00fcy\u00fck
\nOkyanus diplerinde yakla\u015fmalar oldu\u011fu tesbit edilmi\u015ftir. Bu belki de uzun zamanlardan sonra
\nAsya\u2019n\u0131n, Kuzey Afrika\u2019ya yakla\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve Filipinlerin, G\u00fcney Amerika\u2019daki And Da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6lgesinde
\nbulunaca\u011f\u0131na bir i\u015f\u00e2rettir.<\/p>\n

Bu teoriye dayanarak, bug\u00fcn m\u00fcstakil bir k\u0131ta olan Amerika\u2019n\u0131n ke\u015ffi s\u0131ras\u0131nda orada bulunan yerlilerin
\nve hayvanlar\u0131n, bu k\u0131tan\u0131n Asya k\u0131tas\u0131 ile biti\u015fikken oraya ge\u00e7tikleri ve \u00e7o\u011fald\u0131klar\u0131 iddi\u00e2 edilmektedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

K\u0131talar\u0131n, ilk ba\u015fta\u00a0bir b\u00fct\u00fcnken daha sonra, okyanus kabu\u011funun zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden, d\u00fcny\u00e2n\u0131n y\u00fczeyi \u00fczerinde kayarak\u00a0birbirinden ayr\u0131lmas\u0131.\u00a0Asr\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda, Amerikan jeolo\u011fu Frank Taylor, k\u0131talar\u0131n \u00e7ok eskiden dev bir kara k\u00fctlesi\u00a0meydana getirdikleri fikri ile…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[92],"tags":[2741,2740,2739,2116],"class_list":["post-3140","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bilim","tag-alexander-du-joit","tag-alfred-wegener","tag-frank-taylor","tag-kita-kaymasi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3140"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3140"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3140\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6594,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3140\/revisions\/6594"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3140"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3140"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3140"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}