Kendi arzu ve\u00a0ir\u00e2desiyle ve ortak s\u0131fatiyle bir araya gelen ger\u00e7ek veya t\u00fczel ki\u015filerin iktis\u00e2d\u00ee g\u00fc\u00e7lerini art\u0131rmak,\u00a0\u00f6zellikle meslek ve ge\u00e7imlerine \u00e2it ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 yard\u0131m, dayan\u0131\u015fma ve kef\u00e2let s\u00fbretiyle
\nsa\u011flay\u0131p korumak maksad\u0131yla iktis\u00e2d\u00ee y\u00f6nden meydana gelen te\u015fekk\u00fcl.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki kooperatifin ilk kuruldu\u011fu ve geli\u015fti\u011fi yer \u0130ngiltere olmu\u015ftur. Bunun birtak\u0131m tarih\u00ee
\nsebepleri mevcuttur. Kapitalizmin geli\u015fmesi ile istismar edilen i\u015f\u00e7i ve esnaf kesimi, kooperatifle\u015fme
\nmecburiyetini hissetmi\u015ftir. Kapitalist fabrika san\u00e2yiinin meydana getirdi\u011fi sosyal dengesizliklere kar\u015f\u0131
\nh\u00e2l \u00e7aresi aramak mecburiyetinde kalan \u0130ngilizlerden Robert Owen, \u00fcretim kooperatifinin \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc
\nyapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 21 Aral\u0131k 1844\u2019te \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin Rochdale kasabas\u0131nda 12 tekstil i\u015f\u00e7isi baz\u0131 temel prensipleri
\nihtiv\u00e2 eden bir t\u00fcketim kooperatifi kurmu\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu prensipler: \u0130\u015ftirak hissesi ne olursa olsun, \u00fcyeler aras\u0131nda e\u015fitlik sa\u011flamak, \u00fcyelerin siyas\u00ee ve din\u00ee
\ninan\u00e7lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda tam bir tarafs\u0131zl\u0131kla hareket etmek, sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131 pe\u015fin para ile ve c\u00e2ri piyasa fiyat\u0131na
\ng\u00f6re yapmak, elde edilen k\u00e2r\u0131, her \u00fcyenin kooperatiften yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 al\u0131\u015f veri\u015f oran\u0131na g\u00f6re(risturn) \u015feklinde
\nda\u011f\u0131tmak \u015feklinde kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Kooperatif\u00e7ilik, her memleketin iktisad\u00ee ve sosyal b\u00fcnyesine g\u00f6re olduk\u00e7a de\u011fi\u015fik bir geli\u015fme
\ng\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Mesel\u00e2 t\u00fcketim kooperatifleri \u0130ngiltere\u2019de, kredi ve yap\u0131 kooperatifleri ise Almanya\u2019da
\nyayg\u0131n bir h\u00e2le gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Kooperatifleri ba\u015fl\u0131ca; a) \u0130stihl\u00e2k, b) Kredi, c) \u0130stihs\u00e2l, d) Yap\u0131 olmak \u00fczere ana faaliyet kollar\u0131na
\nay\u0131rmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu kooperatifler de sekt\u00f6rlere g\u00f6re zir\u00e2\u00ee ve s\u0131n\u00e2\u00ee olarak faaliyet g\u00f6sterirler.
\nD\u00fcny\u00e2 kooperatifcili\u011fi zaman i\u00e7inde geli\u015fme ve geni\u015fleme g\u00f6sterirken g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ekonomik ve sosyal
\nyap\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde artan bir ehemmiyetle m\u00fcessesele\u015fmesine devam etmektedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Kendi arzu ve\u00a0ir\u00e2desiyle ve ortak s\u0131fatiyle bir araya gelen ger\u00e7ek veya t\u00fczel ki\u015filerin iktis\u00e2d\u00ee g\u00fc\u00e7lerini art\u0131rmak,\u00a0\u00f6zellikle meslek ve ge\u00e7imlerine \u00e2it ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 yard\u0131m, dayan\u0131\u015fma ve kef\u00e2let s\u00fbretiyle sa\u011flay\u0131p korumak maksad\u0131yla…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[2198],"class_list":["post-3192","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-toplum","tag-kooperatif"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3192"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3192"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3192\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7664,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3192\/revisions\/7664"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3192"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3192"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3192"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}