{"id":331,"date":"2010-12-25T20:39:33","date_gmt":"2010-12-25T18:39:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=331"},"modified":"2018-02-26T02:21:40","modified_gmt":"2018-02-26T00:21:40","slug":"korler-alfabesini-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=331","title":{"rendered":"K\u00f6rler Alfabesini kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

K\u00f6rler i\u00e7in ilk alfabe, kendisi de k\u00f6r olan Frans\u0131z Louis Braille<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan, 1824 y\u0131l\u0131nda icat edildi. Louis Braille, \u00fc\u00e7 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken g\u00f6zlerini yitirmi\u015fti. 15 ya\u015f\u0131na geldi\u011finde, kendisi i\u00e7in \u00f6zel bir alfabe buldu.<\/p>\n

Bu alfabede, alt\u0131 kabartma nokta, de\u011fi\u015fik kullan\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imleriyle b\u00fct\u00fcn harflerin yerini al\u0131yor, g\u00f6rmeyen bir ki\u015fi de parmak u\u00e7lar\u0131yla noktalar\u0131n konumlar\u0131n\u0131 duyumsayarak yaz\u0131lanlar\u0131 okuyabiliyordu. Braille alfabesi, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz g\u00f6rmeyenleri aras\u0131nda da \u00e7ok yayg\u0131n bir bi\u00e7imde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. 1786 y\u0131l\u0131nda Valentin Hany adl\u0131 bir ba\u015fka Frans\u0131z, k\u00f6rler i\u00e7in bildi\u011fimiz Latin harflerinin kabartmalar\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131. Ama bu sistem, Braille’\u0131n noktalan kadar tutulmad\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc noktalar\u0131 okumak, g\u00f6rmeyenler i\u00e7in daha kolay ve daha \u00e7abuk oluyordu.<\/p>\n

Braille Alfabesi<\/b><\/h3>\n

Braille alfabesi<\/b> veya K\u00f6rler alfabesi<\/b>; 1821 y\u0131l\u0131nda Louis Braille taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f g\u00f6rme engelli insanlar\u0131n okuyup yazmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir alfabe y\u00f6ntemidir. \u0130ki kolon ta\u015f\u0131yan dikd\u00f6rtgen d\u00fczen \u00fczerine dizilmi\u015f alt\u0131 kabart\u0131lm\u0131\u015f noktadan olu\u015fur. Her iki kolonda \u00fc\u00e7er nokta bulunur. Noktalardan her biri altm\u0131\u015fd\u00f6rt farkl\u0131 kombinasyondan birini olu\u015fturmas\u0131 i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 \u015fekillerde dizilir.<\/p>\n

Bu harfleri isimlendirmek i\u00e7in noktalar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu her bir pozisyon, yerlerine g\u00f6re s\u00f6ylenir;<\/p>\n

    \n
  • yukar\u0131dan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya, sol yanda 1’den 3’e kadar<\/i> (temsil\u00ee L harfi)<\/li>\n
  • sa\u011f ve sol yandan birinci<\/i> (temsil\u00ee C harfi)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Braille sistemi asl\u0131nda Charles Barbier’nin Napolyon’un talebi do\u011frultusunda, askerlerin gece karanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u0131\u015f\u0131k olmaks\u0131z\u0131n anla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in geli\u015ftirildi\u011fi sisteme dayan\u0131r. Barbier’nin sistemi \u00e7ok kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k ve \u00f6\u011frenilmesi zordu zira askeriye taraf\u0131ndan da reddedilmi\u015fti. 1821 y\u0131l\u0131nda Charles Barbier, Paris Mill\u00ee Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc’n\u00fcn k\u00f6rler b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ziyaret etti ve Louis Braille ile tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Braille, Barbier’nin en b\u00fcy\u00fck eksi\u011finin, alfabesinin sahip oldu\u011fu temsil\u00ee harflerin insan\u0131n parma\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hareket ettirmedik\u00e7e anla\u015f\u0131lamamas\u0131 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi. Bu bulu\u015fta bir sembolden di\u011ferine h\u0131zl\u0131ca ge\u00e7ilemiyordu. Kendisinin de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, k\u00f6r alfabesinde devrim yapan 6’l\u0131 nokta sistemiydi.<\/p>\n

    Braille yaz\u0131m sistemi, karakterleri d\u00fcnyada ilk kez ikili \u015fema ile g\u00f6steren yaz\u0131 sistemidir. Ana dili Frans\u0131zca olan Braille’in Frans\u0131zca’daki aksan harflerini g\u00f6stermekte kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, Braille yaz\u0131 sisteminde, \u00f6rne\u011fin T\u00fcrk\u00e7e i\u00e7in \u00d6, \u00dc, \u011e, \u00c7, \u015e seslerini g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in de yeni semboller olu\u015fturulur. Bunun haricinde kullananlar\u0131na sadece 64 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn se\u00e7enek sunan yaz\u0131m sistemi, matematik ve m\u00fczik sembolleri i\u00e7inde tasarlanan i\u015faretleri kapsayabilir. Ayr\u0131ca, \u00f6\u011frenenlere daha h\u0131zl\u0131 okuma teknikleri de \u00f6\u011fretilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    K\u00f6rler i\u00e7in ilk alfabe, kendisi de k\u00f6r olan Frans\u0131z Louis Braille taraf\u0131ndan, 1824 y\u0131l\u0131nda icat edildi. Louis Braille, \u00fc\u00e7 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken g\u00f6zlerini yitirmi\u015fti. 15 ya\u015f\u0131na geldi\u011finde, kendisi i\u00e7in \u00f6zel bir alfabe…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10154,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[608,2807,236,2806],"class_list":["post-331","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-egitim","tag-alfabe","tag-braille-alfabesi","tag-korler-alfabesi","tag-louis-braille"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/331"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=331"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/331\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10156,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/331\/revisions\/10156"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10154"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=331"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=331"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=331"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}