{"id":3333,"date":"2015-03-02T13:21:04","date_gmt":"2015-03-02T11:21:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=3333"},"modified":"2018-03-04T23:36:15","modified_gmt":"2018-03-04T21:36:15","slug":"telgrafi-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=3333","title":{"rendered":"Telgraf\u0131 kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Telgraf\u0131 kim icat etti.\u00a0Telgraf ne zaman icat edildi.\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Samuel F.B. Morse <\/strong><\/a>1810 y\u0131l\u0131nda resim b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc bitirdi\u011fi Yale \u00dcniversitesi’ nde okurken elektri\u011fe ilgi g\u00f6stermi\u015f, \u00f6zellikle elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak ses veya i\u015faret g\u00f6nderme \u00fczerine yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar sonucunda\u00a0Telgraf\u0131 icat etmi\u015ftir. <\/strong>Telgraf\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sistemi; iki merkez aras\u0131nda, \u00f6nceden belirlenmi\u015f i\u015faretler yard\u0131m\u0131yla yaz\u0131l\u0131 metnin veya belgelerin iletimini elektrik <\/a>ak\u0131m\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile sa\u011flama prensibine dayanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Elektrikli telgraf, genellikle \u00f6zel telekom\u00fcnikasyon hatlar\u0131 veya radyo dalgalar\u0131 yoluyla iletilen elektrik sinyallerini kullanan bir cihazd\u0131r.\u00a0Elektrikli telgraf ya da daha yayg\u0131n olarak sadece telgraf, Claude Chappe’nin Frans\u0131z askeri haberle\u015fmesi i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015f kuleleri ve Prusya ordusu i\u00e7in Friedrich Clemens Gerke gibi optik semafor telgraf sistemleri yerine ge\u00e7erek ilk elektrikle haberle\u015fmenin \u015fekli haline geldi. Elektrik telgraf \u015febekeleri, on y\u0131llar ge\u00e7tikten sonra, insanlar\u0131n \u00fclkeler ve k\u0131talar aras\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olarak mesaj g\u00f6nderebilmelerini sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Elektrikli telgraflar<\/strong>, maniple ad\u0131 verilen bir verici, bir al\u0131c\u0131 ve ikisi aras\u0131na \u00e7ekilmi\u015f elektrik hatt\u0131ndan meydana gelir. verici, telgraf hatt\u0131ndaki elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131p kapayan anahtard\u0131r. Vericiye bas\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda telgraf hatt\u0131ndan ak\u0131m ge\u00e7erek devre tamamlan\u0131r. Di\u011fer tarafta ise elektro m\u0131knat\u0131s bobinlerden yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f\u00a0\u00a0al\u0131c\u0131lar vard\u0131r. Elektro m\u0131knat\u0131s\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda ak\u0131m ge\u00e7ti\u011fi zaman ileri geri\u00a0hareket \u00a0edebilen madeni bir\u00a0\u00e7ubuk\u00a0vard\u0131r. \u00a0\u00c7ubu\u011fun ucundaki m\u00fcrekkepli kalem bir ka\u011f\u0131t \u015ferit \u00fczerine nokta (.<\/strong>) veya \u00e7izgi (–<\/strong>) \u015feklinde \u015fekiller \u00e7izer. Sesle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan al\u0131c\u0131lar da vard\u0131r. Bunlar ka\u011f\u0131t bir \u015feride yaz\u0131 yazmak yerine, sert bir cisme vurarak t\u0131k\u0131rt\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131rlar. Tecr\u00fcbeli telgraf operat\u00f6rleri, bu t\u0131k\u0131rt\u0131lar\u0131 dinleyerek mesaj\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zerler.<\/p>\n

Telgraf\u0131 kim icat etti<\/h2>\n

Modern telgraf sistemlerine benzeyen ilk \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar 1794 y\u0131l\u0131nda Frans\u0131z bilim adam\u0131\u00a0Claude Choppe<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0William Cooke<\/strong> ve Charles Wheatstone<\/strong> adl\u0131 iki \u0130ngiliz 1837 y\u0131l\u0131nda , teller \u00fczerinden elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131<\/a> g\u00f6ndererek mesaj iletmeyi ba\u015fard\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

Samuel Morse<\/strong>, 27 Nisan 1701`de Massahusetts’in Charleston kentinde do\u011fdu. Ressam olmak istiyordu; fakat yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 icatlar onu bir t\u00fcrl\u00fc rahat b\u0131rakmad\u0131. Sanat\u0131na istedi\u011fi kadar zaman ay\u0131ramad\u0131. 1825’de kurulan “National Academy of Design” kurucular\u0131ndan biri de oydu. Bilim alan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonra da \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n en iyi portre ressamlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ad\u0131 an\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

1832’de Avrupa’ya yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir yolculuktan d\u00f6nerken Fransa’daki elektrik deneylerinin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendi. Elektri\u011fin \u00e7ok uzaklara gidebilmesi ilgisini \u00e7ekti. Bu s\u0131rada bir arkada\u015f\u0131 da, “Elektrikle haber g\u00f6ndermek bir m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olsa…” diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ortaya att\u0131. Ona, “Neden olmas\u0131n?” cevab\u0131n\u0131 verdi. Yolculu\u011fu sona erene kadar bu i\u015fe kafa yordu. “Morse Alfabesi<\/a>” denilen i\u015faretleri buldu. Telgraf\u0131n atas\u0131 diyebilece\u011fimiz aleti \u00e7izdi. 2 Eyl\u00fcl 1837″de sanat profes\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 NewYork \u00dcniversitesi’nde bunu halka g\u00f6sterdi. New Jersey’de demir pirin\u00e7 i\u015ficri yapan Albert Vail, Morse’un bu icad\u0131na b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ilgi duymu\u015ftu. Birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar. 1843’de Kongre onlara Otuzbin dolarl\u0131k bir yard\u0131m yap\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verdi, Morse, Washington Baltimore aras\u0131na ilk telgraf<\/strong> hatt\u0131 \u00e7ekilerek 24 May\u0131s 1844’de ilk telgraf\u0131<\/em> g\u00f6nderdi. Telgraf\u0131n icad\u0131<\/a> ba\u015fka bir \u00e7ok bulu\u015fun \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Telgraf\u0131 kim icat etti.\u00a0Telgraf ne zaman icat edildi.\u00a0 Samuel F.B. Morse 1810 y\u0131l\u0131nda resim b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc bitirdi\u011fi Yale \u00dcniversitesi’ nde okurken elektri\u011fe ilgi g\u00f6stermi\u015f, \u00f6zellikle elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak ses veya i\u015faret…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8420,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1809,1807,1662,1661,1806,2406,1808],"class_list":["post-3333","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-teknoloji","tag-charles-wheatstone","tag-claude-choppe","tag-mors-alfabesi","tag-samuel-morse","tag-telgraf","tag-telgrafi-kim-icat-etti","tag-william-cooke"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3333"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3333"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3333\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10926,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3333\/revisions\/10926"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/8420"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3333"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3333"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3333"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}