{"id":3359,"date":"2012-02-22T02:03:38","date_gmt":"2012-02-22T00:03:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=3359"},"modified":"2016-12-24T19:11:39","modified_gmt":"2016-12-24T17:11:39","slug":"mayini-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=3359","title":{"rendered":"May\u0131n\u0131 kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

May\u0131n, \u00e7e\u015fitli metodlarla toprak alt\u0131na, \u00fcst\u00fcne veya su i\u00e7ine yerle\u015ftirilen veya at\u0131lan, harp ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ve tanklar\u0131 tahrip etmek, personeli \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek amac\u0131yla \u00fcretilmi\u015f, genellikle bir kap i\u00e7ine yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f \u015fiddetli patlay\u0131c\u0131 maddedir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn sava\u015flar\u0131nda gerek sald\u0131r\u0131 ve gerekse savunma harekat\u0131nda, engellerin, \u00f6zellikle may\u0131nlar\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 son derece \u00f6nem kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kara may\u0131nlar\u0131, d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131n ilerlemesini geciktirmek veya tahd\u00eed etmek i\u00e7in yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bir may\u0131n\u0131n as\u0131l g\u00f6revi ba\u015far\u0131ya yard\u0131m etmek olup, zayiat verdirici tesiri ikinci derecede kal\u0131r.<\/p>\n

May\u0131n\u0131n \u0130cad\u0131<\/h2>\n

\u0130lk kara may\u0131nlar\u0131, Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131nda, Almanlar taraf\u0131ndan top mermilerinin toprak alt\u0131na g\u00f6m\u00fclmesi s\u00fbretiyle, \u0130ngiliz tanklar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 kullan\u0131ld\u0131. May\u0131nlar\u0131n esas geli\u015fimi, \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Harbi s\u0131ras\u0131ndad\u0131r. D\u00fc\u015fman silahl\u0131 kuvvetlerini durdurmak, geciktirmek veya taciz etmek i\u00e7in ilk may\u0131n tarlalar\u0131 d\u00f6\u015fendi. Tank zayiat\u0131n\u0131n % 20\u2019si may\u0131nlar sebebiyle oldu. Amerika, Rusya, \u0130ngiltere, Almanya gibi devletler, daha m\u00fckemmel may\u0131n \u00eemal etme hus\u00fbsunda birbirleriyle yar\u0131\u015ft\u0131lar. Bunun sonucunda, a\u011f\u0131r ve hafif tanklara veya insanlara kar\u015f\u0131 kullan\u0131labilen \u00e7e\u015fitli bas\u0131n\u00e7lara g\u00f6re infilak edebilen may\u0131nlar \u00eemal edildi. 1991 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki K\u00f6rfez Sava\u015f\u0131nda Irak, m\u00fcttefiklere kar\u015f\u0131 Kuveyt-Suudi Arabistan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131na milyonlarca may\u0131n d\u00f6\u015fedi.<\/p>\n

Kara may\u0131nlar\u0131 hakiki may\u0131nlar, sahte may\u0131nlar, talim ve e\u011fitim may\u0131nlar\u0131 olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7 tiptir.<\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Hakiki may\u0131nlar<\/strong> kullan\u0131lma ama\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131rlar:<\/p>\n

a) Antipersonel may\u0131nlar:<\/strong> D\u00fc\u015fman personeline kar\u015f\u0131 kullan\u0131lan antipersonel may\u0131nlar, bas\u0131n\u00e7 veya bas\u0131n\u00e7tan kurtulma s\u00fbretiyle veya bir t\u00f6kezleme telinin gergiden kurtulmas\u0131 s\u00fbretiyle faaliyete ge\u00e7mek \u00fczere d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f bir f\u00fcnye ile te\u00e7hiz edilmi\u015f, maden\u00ee veya madeni olmayan bir kab i\u00e7indeki az \u015fiddetli patlay\u0131c\u0131 maddeden ibarettir. Antipersonel may\u0131nlar\u0131 genel olarak havada patlayan ve infilak tesirli olmak \u00fczere iki tiptedir.<\/p>\n

b) Antitank may\u0131nlar\u0131:<\/strong> D\u00fc\u015fman tanklar\u0131n\u0131 veya di\u011fer ara\u00e7lar\u0131 hareketten al\u0131koymak veya tahrip etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan antitank may\u0131nlar\u0131 ekseriya zemin y\u00fczeyi \u00fczerine veya y\u00fczeyin pek az alt\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilir. Genellikle, antitank may\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 faaliyete ge\u00e7irmek i\u00e7in 135 ila 180 kg bir bas\u0131nca ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r. Antitank may\u0131nlar\u0131 genel olarak a\u011f\u0131r ve hafif olmak \u00fczere iki tiptir.<\/p>\n

2. Sahte may\u0131nlar:<\/strong> Hakiki may\u0131nlar\u0131 taklit etmek i\u00e7in hurda malzeme veya may\u0131n d\u00f6\u015fenmi\u015f hissini verecek \u015fekilde biraz bozulmu\u015f araziden ibarettir.<\/p>\n

3. Talim ve e\u011fitim may\u0131nlar\u0131:<\/strong> Hakiki may\u0131nlarla ayn\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc ve a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kta olan, fakat k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir duman maddesi ihtiva eden ve \u015fiddetli patlay\u0131c\u0131 madde yerine kara barut <\/a>veya i\u015faret fi\u015fe\u011fi terkibi g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc \u00e7\u0131karan imha hakk\u0131ndan ibaret olanlar talim may\u0131nlar\u0131d\u0131r. Hak\u00eek\u00ee may\u0131nlar\u0131n, bo\u015f veya kum gibi malzemeyle dolu olanlar\u0131na e\u011fitim may\u0131n\u0131 denir.<\/p>\n

Deniz may\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 kim buldu<\/h2>\n

Gemileri tahrip etmek maksad\u0131yla \u00eemal edilen ve su alt\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilen may\u0131nlara \u201cdeniz may\u0131n\u0131\u201d veya \u201ctorpili\u201d denir. Deniz may\u0131nlar\u0131 ilk olarak 1777 y\u0131l\u0131nda Amerika\u2019da kullan\u0131ld\u0131. David Bushnell ad\u0131nda bir Amerikal\u0131, \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye ait \u201cCerebus\u201d adl\u0131 gemiyi bat\u0131rmak gayesiyle i\u00e7i barutla dolu bir kutuyu geminin yak\u0131n\u0131na do\u011fru atm\u0131\u015f, ancak ak\u0131nt\u0131ya kap\u0131larak s\u00fcr\u00fcklenen kutu, bir dost gemiyi
\nbat\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1853 y\u0131l\u0131nda K\u0131r\u0131m Sava\u015f\u0131nda Ruslar da deniz may\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 kulland\u0131lar. Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u0130ngilizler, \u00c7anakkale\u2019de, Otranto Bo\u011faz\u0131nda, Kuzey Denizinde y\u00fczbinlerce may\u0131n d\u00f6kt\u00fc. Bu harpte may\u0131nlar\u0131n tahribi y\u00fcz\u00fcnden batan gemi say\u0131s\u0131 600\u2019\u00fc buldu. Yine \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131nda Almanlar, manyetik may\u0131n\u0131 \u00eemal ettiler. Bu tip may\u0131nlardan ayn\u0131 sava\u015fta Almanlar taraf\u0131ndan 230.000, \u0130ngilizler taraf\u0131ndan 255.000 adet d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc. \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131nda denize d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcp infilak etmeyenler, ak\u0131nt\u0131ya kap\u0131l\u0131p deniz sath\u0131na yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve harpten sonra ticaret gemileri i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck tehlike te\u015fkil etmi\u015ftir. 1991 K\u00f6rfez Sava\u015f\u0131nda da Irak, Basra K\u00f6rfezine \u00e7ok miktarda may\u0131n d\u00f6kt\u00fc.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

May\u0131n, \u00e7e\u015fitli metodlarla toprak alt\u0131na, \u00fcst\u00fcne veya su i\u00e7ine yerle\u015ftirilen veya at\u0131lan, harp ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ve tanklar\u0131 tahrip etmek, personeli \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek amac\u0131yla \u00fcretilmi\u015f, genellikle bir kap i\u00e7ine yerle\u015ftirilmi\u015f \u015fiddetli patlay\u0131c\u0131 maddedir….<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[345],"tags":[1635],"class_list":["post-3359","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-askeri","tag-mayin"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3359"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3359"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3359\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6429,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3359\/revisions\/6429"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3359"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3359"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3359"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}