{"id":341,"date":"2010-12-25T20:57:26","date_gmt":"2010-12-25T18:57:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=341"},"modified":"2018-02-28T17:54:56","modified_gmt":"2018-02-28T15:54:56","slug":"buldozeri-dozeri-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=341","title":{"rendered":"Buldozeri (Dozeri) kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

1870’li y\u0131llar\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda, Amerika’da geni\u015f \u00e7apl\u0131 hafriyat i\u015flemlerinde atlar taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ekilen kep\u00e7eler kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu. 1900’l\u00fc y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda, daha sonra ABD’de Caterpillar<\/strong> tesislerini kuracak olan Benjamin Holt<\/strong>, buharl\u0131 bir trakt\u00f6r\u00fcn tekerlerine palet yerle\u015ftirdi. 1923 y\u0131l\u0131nda bu trakt\u00f6r\u00fcn \u00f6n\u00fcne bir de kep\u00e7e eklendi.<\/p>\n

Sekiz y\u0131l sonra dizel motorlar\u0131n\u0131n tak\u0131lmas\u0131yla, modern buldozerin ilk \u00f6rne\u011fi geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f oldu. 1930’larda Almanya’da buldozerler, dev otobanlar\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck yarar sa\u011flad\u0131. 1945 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra, \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, \u0130ngiltere’de ve Avrupa’da buldozerlere yeniden \u00e7ok i\u015f d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. ABD’de de h\u0131zlanan in\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fc, bu ara\u00e7tan alabildi\u011fince yararland\u0131. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Japonlar, su alt\u0131nda uzaktan kumanda ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilen ve denizalt\u0131 t\u00fcnellerin yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ama\u00e7lanan buldozerlerin denemelerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmekteler.<\/p>\n

Bulldozer<\/b>, toprak tesviyesinde kullan\u0131lan paletli bir i\u015f makinas\u0131. Dozer olarak da bilinir. \u00d6n taraf\u0131ndan d\u00fc\u015fey do\u011frultuda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yukar\u0131 hareket edebilen g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir uzun kep\u00e7e vard\u0131r. Buldozer bu kep\u00e7enin alt taraf\u0131ndaki kesici b\u0131\u00e7akla topra\u011f\u0131 par\u00e7alar ve kaz\u0131yarak kald\u0131r\u0131r. Kald\u0131r\u0131lan topra\u011f\u0131 kep\u00e7esi vas\u0131tas\u0131yla ileri do\u011fru iterek s\u00fcr\u00fckleyebilir. Kep\u00e7e hareket halinde yukar\u0131 konumda dururken toprak y\u00fczeyini kaz\u0131mak i\u00e7in bir miktar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya indirilir. Kep\u00e7enin hareketi daha \u00f6nceleri \u00e7elik kablolar vas\u0131tas\u0131yla sa\u011flan\u0131rd\u0131. Bug\u00fcn ise yayg\u0131n olarak hidrolikle tahrik edilmektedir. Kep\u00e7enin, buldozerin hareket y\u00f6n\u00fcne olan konumuna g\u00f6re dik ve e\u011fik tipleri vard\u0131r. Yan dozer denilen, e\u011fik tipte, kep\u00e7eye sahip buldozerlerde kaz\u0131y\u0131p s\u00fcr\u00fcklenen toprak kep\u00e7enin e\u011fik taraf\u0131ndan yana at\u0131larak topra\u011f\u0131n \u00f6n tarafta y\u0131\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nlenir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde kullan\u0131lan geli\u015fmi\u015f tiplerde b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n buldozerin hareket y\u00f6n\u00fcne g\u00f6re konumu istenildi\u011fi gibi de\u011fi\u015ftirilip ayarlanabilmektedir.<\/p>\n

A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 4-40 t aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen buldozerler, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir (50-700 BG) dizel motorla donand\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan y\u00fcksek bir itme ve \u00e7ekme g\u00fcc\u00fcne sahiptir. Yol yap\u0131m\u0131 veya tarla a\u00e7ma gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli toprak tesviye i\u015flemlerinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Silindir ve benzeri di\u011fer i\u015f makinalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ekilmesi gayesiyle de kullan\u0131labilir. Engebeli arazilerin d\u00fczeltilmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7ok elveri\u015flidir. Toprak \u00fczerindeki engebeleri, kaz\u0131y\u0131p kald\u0131r\u0131lan topra\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fckleyip yayarak ve \u00e7ukur yerleri doldurarak toprak y\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn kabaca d\u00fczeltilmesini sa\u011flar. Buldozerlerle topra\u011f\u0131n s\u00fcr\u00fcklenerek ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 ancak 20\u201330 m gibi yak\u0131n mesafelerde iktisadi olarak yap\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca makinenin arkas\u0131na tak\u0131lan riper ile ekskavat\u00f6r kep\u00e7esinin kazamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zeminleri yararak y\u00fcklemeye uygun hale getirir. Riperin boyu kaz\u0131lacak zeminin sertli\u011fine ve kaz\u0131n\u0131n derinli\u011fine g\u00f6re ayarlanabilir.\u00a0D6, D7, D8, D9 gibi modelleri en s\u0131k kullan\u0131lan dozer t\u00fcrleridir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1870’li y\u0131llar\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda, Amerika’da geni\u015f \u00e7apl\u0131 hafriyat i\u015flemlerinde atlar taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ekilen kep\u00e7eler kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu. 1900’l\u00fc y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda, daha sonra ABD’de Caterpillar tesislerini kuracak olan Benjamin Holt, buharl\u0131 bir trakt\u00f6r\u00fcn tekerlerine palet…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10498,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[242,1173],"class_list":["post-341","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-otomobil","tag-buldozer","tag-dozer"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/341"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=341"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/341\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7504,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/341\/revisions\/7504"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10498"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=341"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=341"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=341"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}