Kuzey Kutbu b\u00f6lgesinin b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131 buzlarla kapl\u0131 ve so\u011fuk oldu\u011fundan, insano\u011flu b\u00f6lgeye on alt\u0131nc\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren uzak do\u011fuya giden yeni ticaret yollar\u0131n\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in ke\u015fif seferleri d\u00fczenlemeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1553\u2019te bu gaye i\u00e7in yola \u00e7\u0131kan \u0130ngiliz Sir Hug, so\u011fuk hava \u015fartlar\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fcrettebat\u0131yla yolda \u00f6ld\u00fc. Bu sefere ba\u015fka bir gemiyle kat\u0131lan Richard Chancellar ise, Arhangelsk\u2019e
\nula\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra karayolu ile Moskova \u00fczerinden \u0130ngiltere\u2019ye d\u00f6nd\u00fc. Bu seferin ard\u0131ndan Moskova kampanyas\u0131 kuruldu ve Rusya ile \u0130ngiltere aras\u0131nda ticaret geli\u015fti.<\/p>\n
Rus \u00c7ar\u0131 Birinci Petro do\u011fudaki deniz yolunun bulunmas\u0131 ve haritas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in b\u00f6lgeye bir\u00e7ok seferler d\u00fczenletti. 1728\u2019de d\u00fczenlenen bir seferde g\u00fcneyden Bering Bo\u011faz\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7meyi ba\u015faran Bering 1741\u2019de ise B\u00fcy\u00fck Okyanusun kuzeyini ge\u00e7erek Alaska k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131na ayak bast\u0131. \u0130ngiliz ka\u015fif James Cook, 1778\u2019de Bering Bo\u011faz\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7erek Sibirya\u2019daki kuzey burnuna ula\u015fmas\u0131 ile Amerika ile Asya\u2019y\u0131 birbirinden ay\u0131ran bo\u011faz\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kesinlik kazand\u0131. Avusturyal\u0131 Julius Payer ve Karl Weyprecht Kuzeydo\u011fu ge\u00e7idinden ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in d\u00fczenledikleri bir seferde rastlant\u0131 sonucunda Frans\u0131z Josef topraklar\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffettiler (1874). Kuzeydo\u011fu Ge\u00e7idini ilk olarak 1878\u2019de \u0130sve\u00e7li Nordensl\u00fc\u00f6ld ge\u00e7meyi ba\u015fard\u0131. Bunu ba\u015fka ka\u015fifler takip etti. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Rusya Federasyonu Buzk\u0131ranlar Ge\u00e7idini s\u00fcrekli
\nolarak a\u00e7\u0131k tutma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
B\u00f6lgenin Kuzeybat\u0131 Ge\u00e7idini bulmak i\u00e7in ke\u015fifler Amerika\u2019n\u0131n ke\u015ffi ile ba\u015flad\u0131. Bunun i\u00e7in ilk olarak iki tekneyle denize a\u00e7\u0131lan Frobisher, Boffin Adas\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcneydo\u011fu k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131na kadar ula\u015fabildi. 1585-1587 aras\u0131nda sefere \u00e7\u0131kan, John Davis, Gr\u00f6nland\u2019\u0131 ke\u015ffetti. K\u00f6rfezin bat\u0131 k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131na varmay\u0131 ba\u015faran Thoman Buthon 1613\u2019te Roes Welcome Bo\u011faz\u0131n\u0131 buldu. Kuzeybat\u0131 Ge\u00e7idini bulma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 18. as\u0131r sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru azald\u0131. Ge\u00e7idi bulma seferleri 19. as\u0131rda tekrar ba\u015flad\u0131. Yap\u0131lan seferler net\u00eecesinde Regent K\u00f6rfezi, Boothia K\u00f6rfezi bulundu ve Amerika k\u0131tas\u0131n\u0131n kuzey k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131 ile Kuzey Kutup Tak\u0131madalar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn haritas\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. 1906\u2019da Bering Bo\u011faz\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fan Kuzeybat\u0131 Ge\u00e7idinden gemisiyle ilk olarak Roald Amundsen ge\u00e7ti. 1940-42 aras\u0131nda ve 1944\u2019te Henriy A. Larsen Bellot Bo\u011faz\u0131 yoluyla do\u011fu-bat\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde ge\u00e7itten ge\u00e7meyi ba\u015fard\u0131. 1954\u2019te Kanada buzk\u0131ran\u0131, 1969\u2019da ise bir gemi taraf\u0131ndan iki defa a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
Yirminci y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda Sovyetler Birli\u011fi y\u00f6netimi, kuzey denizyolunu geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in, b\u00f6lgedeki ke\u015fif \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlem ve radyo istasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zla artt\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130lm\u00ee \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda buzk\u0131ranlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda u\u00e7aklar da kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. B\u00f6lgede son olarak 1948\u2019de Foxe havzas\u0131ndaki \u00fc\u00e7 ada ke\u015ffedildi. Bu adalardan biri Prens Charles Adas\u0131d\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn Kuzey Kutup b\u00f6lgesi tamamiyle ke\u015ffedilmi\u015ftir. U\u00e7akla \u00e7ekilen foto\u011fraflarla, daha do\u011fru haritalar \u00e7izilmektedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Kuzey Kutbu b\u00f6lgesinin b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131 buzlarla kapl\u0131 ve so\u011fuk oldu\u011fundan, insano\u011flu b\u00f6lgeye on alt\u0131nc\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131ldan itibaren uzak do\u011fuya giden yeni ticaret yollar\u0131n\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in ke\u015fif seferleri d\u00fczenlemeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. 1553\u2019te bu…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[1631,1632],"class_list":["post-3438","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gezi","tag-kuzey-kutbu","tag-kuzey-kutbunu-kim-kesfetti"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3438"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3438"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3438\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7213,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3438\/revisions\/7213"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3438"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3438"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3438"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}