\u0130\u00e7inde normal g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ilk karavanlar, 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda, gezgin tiyatro sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirildi. Bu konudaki kay\u0131tlar\u0131n son derece yetersiz olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, 1830’lu y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda, d\u00f6nemin \u00fcnl\u00fc sirk sahiplerinden Antoine Franconi i\u00e7in Paris’te bir karavan yapt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmektedir.<\/p>\n
O y\u0131llarda karavan s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u0130ngiltere ve Fransa’da, evsiz k\u00f6lelerin ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131na yarayan araba-vagonlar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu. S\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn asl\u0131 ise Fars\u00e7a “kervan” s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden kaynaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu t\u00fcr bir gezi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen ilk karavan\u0131n planlan \u00fcnl\u00fc \u00e7ocuk \u00f6yk\u00fcleri yazar\u0131 Dr. Gordon Stables taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7izildi. 1885 y\u0131l\u0131 bahar\u0131nda Bristol Wagon Co. \u015firketince yap\u0131lan bu karavan\u0131n uzunlu\u011fu 3 metre 60 santim, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ise 2 tondu. \u0130\u00e7indeki iki b\u00f6l\u00fcmden biri mutfak ve yemek odas\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu. \u0130kinci b\u00f6l\u00fcmdeki oturma odas\u0131 ise, \u00e7ekmeceler, masa, \u015fifonyer, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir piyano, g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f \u015famdanlar, bir \u0130ran hal\u0131s\u0131, m\u00fczik dolab\u0131 ve k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir armonika ile d\u00f6\u015fenmi\u015fti. Duvara bir de ranza ilave edilmi\u015fti. U\u015fa\u011f\u0131, yer yata\u011f\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rlarken, Dr. Stables da, bu ranzada dinleniyordu. Araban\u0131n s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc John ise, d\u0131\u015far\u0131da kurulan bir \u00e7ad\u0131rda yat\u0131yordu. U\u015fak Foley, 1885 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130ngiltere’- de yap\u0131lan yakla\u015f\u0131k 2 bin kilometrelik gezi boyunca, karavan\u0131n arkas\u0131ndan \u00fc\u00e7 tekerlekli bir bisikletle gitti. Bundan ama\u00e7, karavan\u0131n rahat ve kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 oldu\u011funu kan\u0131tlamakt\u0131.<\/p>\n
1897 y\u0131l\u0131nda Paris’te Jeantaud taraf\u0131ndan, o zamanki Rus \u00c7ar\u0131’n\u0131n amcas\u0131 Prens Oldenburg i\u00e7in yap\u0131ld\u0131. 30 beygir g\u00fcc\u00fcnde De Dion marka buhar motoru taraf\u0131ndan hareket ettirilen bu karavan, saatte yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 kilometre h\u0131z yapabiliyordu. 10 metre uzunlu\u011fundaki karavanda odalar\u0131n kap\u0131lar\u0131, tren vagonlar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi, bir koridora a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131yordu. Bu karavan, o d\u00f6neme g\u00f6re \u00f6ylesine moderndi ki, mutfa\u011f\u0131nda muslu\u011fu, tuvaleti, karoserinin alt\u0131nda k\u00f6pekler i\u00e7in kafesi, \u00fcst\u00fcnde iskemleli bir teras\u0131 vard\u0131. \u00c7at\u0131s\u0131nda bulunan su ve yak\u0131t tank\u0131, 500, kilometrelik bir gezi i\u00e7in gerekli ihtiyac\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yordu. \u0130\u00e7 k\u0131sm\u0131 tamamen maun kaplama olan karavan\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k ye\u015fil renge boyanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. De\u011feri ise, motoruyla birlikte 1200 pounddu.<\/p>\n
1901-1902 y\u0131llar\u0131nda, P.aris’te Panhard et Levassor \u015firketi taraf\u0131ndan 3 bin pound kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Dr. E.E.Lehwess i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan ilk benzin motorlu karavan, 25 beygir g\u00fcc\u00fcndeydi. Dr. Lehwess, bu ara\u00e7la, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00e7evresini dola\u015fan ilk ki\u015fi olmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fl\u00fcyordu. Passe- Partout adl\u0131 kanarya sar\u0131s\u0131 karavan\u0131yla, 1902 y\u0131l\u0131 Nisan ay\u0131nda, t\u00f6renle Londra’dan hareket etti. Paris, Berlin, Var\u015fova ve St. Petersburg \u00fczerinden Avrupa’y\u0131 dola\u015ft\u0131. Ne yaz\u0131k ki, Gorki kenti yak\u0131nlar\u0131nda silindirler \u00e7atlad\u0131 ve bu g\u00fczelim karavan, karlar\u0131n aras\u0131na terk edildi. Dr, Lehwess, planlanan gezinin ancak be\u015fte birini tamamlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n
1919 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130ngiltere’nin Chelsea kentinde Grosvenor Caravans adl\u0131 \u015firketi kuran G.J. Haymoulder, eski tren vagonlar\u0131n\u0131 sat\u0131n alarak ilk seri karavanlar\u0131 \u00fcretti.<\/p>\n
Albert G\u00f6l\u00fc’n\u00fcn de k\u00e2\u015fifi olan \u0130ngiliz Sir Samuel White Baker’d\u0131r. 1878 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Sir Baker, K\u0131br\u0131s’a bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve inceleme gezisi yapmay\u0131 planlay\u0131nca, bir \u00e7ingene arabas\u0131 sat\u0131n ald\u0131. \u0130ngiltere’den ayr\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce, Soho’- daki Glover firmas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan araba boyand\u0131, gerekli eklemeler ve onar\u0131m yap\u0131ld\u0131. Sir Baker’in notlar\u0131na g\u00f6re, “Arabada bir portatif yatak, raflar, raflar\u0131n alt\u0131nda bir gardrop, birka\u00e7 \u00e7ekmece, kullan\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman duvara as\u0131lan bir masa, mutfak e\u015fyalar\u0131 i\u00e7in birka\u00e7 kilitli dolap, \u0131zgara ve soba vard\u0131.” E\u015fi, yar\u0131m d\u00fczine hizmetk\u00e2r\u0131 ve \u00fc\u00e7 k\u00f6pe\u011fiyle 29 Ocak 1879 g\u00fcn\u00fc, alt\u0131 ayl\u0131k bir tur i\u00e7in Larnaka’dan hareket etti. Ger\u00e7i karavan, bir \u00e7ift \u00f6k\u00fcz taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ekiliyordu ama, i\u00e7inin rahatl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve gece ge\u00e7en huzurlu saatler, Sir Baker ve kar\u0131s\u0131na g\u00fcn\u00fcn yorgunlu\u011funu unutturuyordu. Karavanla ilk gece konaklad\u0131ktan sonra Sir Baker, defterine \u015fu notu d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc: “E\u011fer d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00e7evresi gereksiz bir ekvator yerine, \u00e7ok iyi bir yolla \u00e7evrelenmi\u015f olsayd\u0131, bu karavanla sonsuza dek yolculuk yapabilirdim.”<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0130\u00e7inde normal g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ilk karavanlar, 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda, gezgin tiyatro sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirildi. Bu konudaki kay\u0131tlar\u0131n son derece yetersiz olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n, 1830’lu y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda, d\u00f6nemin \u00fcnl\u00fc sirk sahiplerinden…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10502,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20,19],"tags":[246],"class_list":["post-348","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ev","category-otomobil","tag-karavan"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/348"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=348"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/348\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10503,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/348\/revisions\/10503"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10502"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=348"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=348"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=348"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}