Peruk, kelli\u011fi, sa\u00e7 kusurlar\u0131n\u0131 saklamak veya arzu edilen sa\u00e7 cins ve \u015fekline sahip olmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan; hayvan, insan k\u0131llar\u0131ndan veya sentetik iplerden yap\u0131lan suni sa\u00e7t\u0131r. Tarihi tespitlere g\u00f6re peruklar ilk olarak M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan, g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan korunmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Eski M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131lar sa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 tamamen kaz\u0131t\u0131rlar, soka\u011fa \u00e7\u0131karken ba\u015fka, t\u00f6renlere kat\u0131l\u0131rken ba\u015fka bir peruk takarlard\u0131.<\/p>\n
Bu peruklar, insan sa\u00e7\u0131ndan, siyah koyun y\u00fcn\u00fcnden veya siyaha boyanm\u0131\u015f nebat\u00ee liflerden faydalan\u0131larak yap\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. M\u0131s\u0131rl\u0131larda sa\u00e7 bi\u00e7imi makam ve r\u00fctbe belirtti\u011finden peru\u011fa \u00e7ok \u00f6nem verilirdi. K\u0131sa sa\u00e7l\u0131l\u0131k; zenginlik, g\u00fc\u00e7 veya mevki bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011fe i\u015faret ederdi.<\/p>\n
Peruklar Asur, Babil, Med, Kaide ve Pers medeniyetleri devirlerinde de \u00e7ok yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu. Bunlardan Asur ve Babilliler yapay sa\u00e7lar\u0131 dalgal\u0131, k\u0131v\u0131rc\u0131k gibi \u015fekillere sokarak, peruklar\u0131n s\u00fcslenme arac\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck ettiler. Fenike as\u0131ll\u0131 olan K\u0131br\u0131sl\u0131lar da imal ettikleri \u00e7ok miktarda peru\u011fu Grek veiyonlara satarak bu i\u015fi ticarete d\u00f6ken ilk insanlar oldular.<\/p>\n
Roma\u2019da zengin kad\u0131nlar, alt\u0131n i\u015flemeli veya alt\u0131ntozu serpilmi\u015f peruk kullan\u0131rlard\u0131. Orta\u00e7a\u011f\u0131n ilk senelerinde kad\u0131nlar aras\u0131nda yere kadar inen uzun sa\u00e7lar moda oldu. B\u00f6yle sa\u00e7lar\u0131 olmayan, sa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 uzatamayan kad\u0131nlar, modaya uymak i\u00e7in \u00f6zel sa\u00e7lar takt\u0131lar. Venedik ve Floransa\u2019da ba\u015flayan bir ak\u0131m, 12. asr\u0131n sonunda hemen hemen b\u00fct\u00fcn Avrupa\u2019ya yay\u0131ld\u0131. On d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u00fczy\u0131lda Avrupal\u0131 kad\u0131nlar\u0131n kulland\u0131klar\u0131 alna sarkan, \u00f6rme perukalar ise normal sa\u00e7lara ba\u011flanan hayvan y\u00fcnlerinden yap\u0131ld\u0131. On be\u015finci y\u00fczy\u0131lda ba\u015f\u0131 tamamen kapatan perukalar kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. Bu as\u0131rda Frans\u0131z asilzadeleri yanlar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 hizmet\u00e7ilerinin sa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 peruka yapt\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kestirirlerdi.<\/p>\n
Peruklar\u0131n esas yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 ise 16. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131ndan itibaren oldu. Devlet erkan\u0131, sefirler, ilim adamlar\u0131 da dahil olmak \u00fczere hemen herkes sa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kaz\u0131tarak, genellikle benzer \u015fekilli olan perukalar\u0131 tak\u0131yorlard\u0131. \u0130ngiltere Krali\u00e7esi Birinci Elizabeth\u2019in kel oldu\u011fu ve seksen ayr\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitten meydana gelen peruka kolleksiyonu bulundu\u011fu, devrin en \u00e7ok konu\u015fulan konulardand\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u00dcretim tekni\u011finde en ileri giden millet, ince deri astarlar \u00fczerine sa\u00e7 dikerek peruka yapan Frans\u0131zlard\u0131. On yedinci asr\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131nda Frans\u0131z erkekleri aras\u0131nda d\u00fcz, uzun peruklar moda oldu. 1670\u2019te Man\u015f\u2019\u0131 ge\u00e7en peruk modas\u0131, subay\u0131ndan k\u00f6yl\u00fcs\u00fcne kadar hemen hemen b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0130ngilizlere sirayet etti.<\/p>\n
On sekizinci y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ilk seneleri kad\u0131n perukalar\u0131n\u0131n tarih boyunca en \u00e7ok kullan\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 y\u0131llar oldu. Ancak bu tarihte perukalar klasik stilden ayr\u0131larak k\u0131sa, d\u00fcz bir \u015fekil ald\u0131lar. On sekizinci as\u0131r, ayn\u0131 zamanda perukalar\u0131n ehemmiyetlerini kaybederek yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmamas\u0131na ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 te\u015fkil etti. Bundan sonra Avrupa\u2019da perukalar\u0131n kullan\u0131m sahas\u0131, benzer g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fte olmalar\u0131 istenen hakim, subay gibi kimselerle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kald\u0131.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde peruk ve peruka \u00fcretimi: Modern \u015fekilli peruklar\u0131 ilk \u00fcreten, sa\u00e7 modelleri \u00fczerinde uzun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yapm\u0131\u015f bir Frans\u0131z terzisidir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn perukalar\u0131 genelde kelli\u011fi veya sa\u00e7ta bulunan bir kusuru \u00f6rtmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bir\u00e7ok ki\u015fi peruka kullanmak yerine sa\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131rmay\u0131 tercih etti\u011finden peruka kullananlar \u00e7ok azd\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Peruka yap\u0131m\u0131 \u00e7ok malzeme gerektirmez. Sa\u00e7s\u0131z bir manken kafas\u0131 yeteri kadar sa\u00e7 ve sa\u00e7lar\u0131n tutturulaca\u011f\u0131 bir file bunun i\u00e7in yeterlidir. Peruka \u00eemalinde kullan\u0131lan sa\u00e7lar, daha \u00e7ok aralar\u0131na sentetik iplikler kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f tabi\u00ee sa\u00e7lard\u0131r. Bu sa\u00e7lar perukan\u0131n temelini te\u015fkil eden fileye tek tek ba\u011flan\u0131rlar. Elde yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 taktirde, bir perukan\u0131n tamamlanmas\u0131 birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn s\u00fcrebilir. Daha sonra perukalara arzu edilen \u015fekil verilir. B\u00f6yle yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f perukalar ancak, f\u0131r\u00e7alanarak temizlenebilir. Y\u0131kamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Ba\u015ftaki k\u0131smi sa\u00e7 kusurlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczeltilmesi i\u00e7in par\u00e7a perukalar mevcutsa da tam perukalar daha \u00e7ok tercih edilmektedir. Peruklar\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde en \u00e7ok kullan\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 alanlar tiyatro ve sinemad\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Peruk, kelli\u011fi, sa\u00e7 kusurlar\u0131n\u0131 saklamak veya arzu edilen sa\u00e7 cins ve \u015fekline sahip olmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan; hayvan, insan k\u0131llar\u0131ndan veya sentetik iplerden yap\u0131lan suni sa\u00e7t\u0131r. Tarihi tespitlere g\u00f6re peruklar ilk…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[1603,1604],"class_list":["post-3578","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-moda","tag-peruk","tag-peruka"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3578"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3578"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3578\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7399,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3578\/revisions\/7399"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3578"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3578"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3578"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}