Polimer zinciri i\u00e7inde ester grubu bulunan,\u00a0sentetik olarak elde edilen organik polimerler. Kullan\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00eetib\u00e2riyle s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman, poliester fiber\u00a0(elyaf) ve poliester pl\u00e2stik \u015feklinde olmak \u00fczere ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Poliester Amerika\u2019da ilk olarak dakron, yine\u00a0o t\u00e2rihlerde \u0130ngiltere\u2019de terilen ismi alt\u0131nda sat\u0131ld\u0131. Amerikan standartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re lifi meydana getirecek\u00a0poliesterin en az\u0131ndan a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k\u00e7a % 85 dihidrik alkol\u00fcn bir esteri ve tereftalik asit ihtiv\u00e2 etmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n
Poliester elyaf yapmak i\u00e7in standart i\u015flemde, dimetil tereftalat ve etilen glikol polimerize edilir, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\u00a0par\u00e7ac\u0131klara kesilir, eritilir (256\u00b0C de) bas\u0131n\u00e7 ile ince deliklerden ge\u00e7irilir ve b\u00f6ylece uzun elyaflar elde\u00a0edilir.<\/p>\n
Tereftalik asit yan\u0131nda ikinci bir dikarboksilli asit kullan\u0131l\u0131rsa kopoliester elde edilir. Tereftalik asit yerine
\nalifatik dikarboksilli asitler kullan\u0131larak elde edilen poliesterin erime noktas\u0131 100\u00b0C\u2019dir. Hem alkol\u00fc, hem
\nasidi aromatik olan tam aromatik poliesterler (polihidrokinon-tereftalat gibi) 400\u00b0C\u2019nin \u00fcst\u00fcnde erir.
\nPoliester elyaf 200\u00b0C\u2019ye dayan\u0131r. Kolay kopmaz. Fenoller d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kimy\u00e2sal maddelerin \u00e7o\u011funa, neme
\nve bakterilere kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r. Aside dayan\u0131kl\u0131 oldu\u011fu h\u00e2lde kuvvetli alkalilere (sabunla\u015fma
\nreaksiyonu oldu\u011fundan) dayan\u0131ks\u0131zd\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Pamuk-poliester kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 merserize elde edilebilir. Fakat\u00a0sa\u011flaml\u0131k azal\u0131r. Poliester, poliester-y\u00fcn veya pamuk kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan kuma\u015flar \u00fct\u00fc istemezler ve\u00a0verilen \u015fekiller y\u0131kama ile deforme olmazlar. Poliesterlerin tic\u00e2r\u00ee adlar\u0131 diolen, trevira, terilen, tergal,\u00a0terlonka, dakron, lavsan, teteron, frtrel ve avitron\u2019dur. Enkaterm modifiye edilmi\u015f bir poliester olup
\n1500\u00b0C s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Polimer zinciri i\u00e7inde ester grubu bulunan,\u00a0sentetik olarak elde edilen organik polimerler. Kullan\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00eetib\u00e2riyle s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman, poliester fiber\u00a0(elyaf) ve poliester pl\u00e2stik \u015feklinde olmak \u00fczere ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Poliester Amerika\u2019da ilk olarak dakron,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[317],"tags":[2251],"class_list":["post-3594","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-is-dunyasi","tag-polyester"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3594"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3594"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3594\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7259,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3594\/revisions\/7259"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3594"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3594"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3594"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}