\u0130nsan\u0131n davran\u0131\u015f ve uyum\u00a0bozukluklar\u0131n\u0131 inceleyen bilim dal\u0131. \u0130stenmeyen \u015fahsiyet problemlerinin sebeplerini, geli\u015fmesini ve\u00a0belirtilerini ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r ve bu bozukluklar\u0131n d\u00fczeltilmesini g\u00e2ye edinir. Ki\u015finin subjektif hay\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0bozulmas\u0131, di\u011fer ki\u015filer ve toplumla olan ili\u015fkilerinin aksamas\u0131na sebep olur.<\/p>\n
Eski \u00e7a\u011flarda akl\u00ee dengesizliklerin k\u00f6t\u00fc ruhlarla ilgili oldu\u011funa inan\u0131ld\u0131 ve ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc g\u00fc\u00e7lerin bir
\ncez\u00e2s\u0131 olarak akl\u00ee dengesizli\u011fin ki\u015fiye musallat oldu\u011fu inanc\u0131 kabul edildi. Bunlar\u0131n kontrol edilmesi i\u00e7in
\nb\u00fcy\u00fcler kullan\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131. Orta\u00e7a\u011fda Avrupa\u2019da ak\u0131l hastalar\u0131, umursamazl\u0131kla kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131, z\u00e2lim
\nmetodlarla ted\u00e2viye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131, \u015feytan\u0131n etkisi alt\u0131na girdiklerine inan\u0131larak \u00e7e\u015fitli i\u015fkencelere t\u00e2bi
\ntutuldular. Daha sonralar\u0131 akl\u00ee problemlerin ahl\u00e2k\u00ee \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 fikri kabul edilmeye
\nba\u015fland\u0131 ve mu\u00e2meleler biraz olsun ins\u00e2n\u00ee h\u00e2l ald\u0131. On sekiz ve on dokuzuncu y\u00fczy\u0131llarda doktorlar\u0131n
\ngenel inanc\u0131, akl\u00ee hastal\u0131klar\u0131n, beyin ve sinir sistemindeki bozukluklardan dolay\u0131 oldu\u011fu y\u00f6n\u00fcnde
\nde\u011fi\u015fti. Bunun sebebi a\u011f\u0131r metal zehirlenmelerinin beyinde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahrib\u00e2tlar ve frengiden dolay\u0131
\nortaya \u00e7\u0131kan r\u00fbh\u00ee bozukluk durumlar\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n
Bu s\u0131ralarda \u0130sl\u00e2m \u00e2leminde durum olduk\u00e7a farkl\u0131yd\u0131. Asya,Kuzey Afrika ve \u0130berya Yar\u0131madas\u0131nda 8 ve
\n13. as\u0131rlar aras\u0131nda, Osmanl\u0131 Devletinde 17. asra kadar bir t\u0131p okulu ve poliklini\u011fi olan, hastalara en
\nins\u00e2n\u00ee \u015fekilde yakla\u015fan, bah\u00e7eler ve havuzlarla \u00e7evrili rahat bir ortamda psikiyatrik ted\u00e2viler uygulayan
\nkurulu\u015flar vard\u0131. Bu hast\u00e2nelerin bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelli\u011fi zenginlerle fakirlerin ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde mu\u00e2meleye
\nt\u00e2bi tutulmalar\u0131yd\u0131. Bunlar aras\u0131nda, \u015eam, Ba\u011fdat, Halep, Kahire, Kayseri ve Edirne\u2019deki ak\u0131l
\nhast\u00e2neleri (\u015fif\u00e2\u00eeyeler) en \u00f6nemlileridir. \u0130lk esasl\u0131 ve te\u015fkil\u00e2tl\u0131 ak\u0131l hast\u00e2nesini F\u00e2tihSultan Mehmed Han
\nyapt\u0131rd\u0131. Daha sonra B\u00e2yez\u00eed Vel\u00ee Edirne\u2019de, Yavuz SultanSelim Han Manisa\u2019da,K\u00e2n\u00fbn\u00ee
\nSultanS\u00fcleyman Han \u0130stanbul\u2019da S\u00fcleym\u00e2niye B\u00eemarh\u00e2nesini yapt\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130kinci Selim Han\u0131n han\u0131m\u0131 N\u00fbr
\nB\u00e2nu Sultan, Topta\u015f\u0131 B\u00eemarh\u00e2nesini ve V\u00e2lideC\u00e2mii yan\u0131nda bir b\u00eemarh\u00e2ne daha in\u015f\u00e2 ettirdi ve
\nbirincisi erkekler, ikincisi kad\u0131nlar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ld\u0131. Topta\u015f\u0131 B\u00eemarh\u00e2nesi uzun y\u0131llar hizmet g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f olup,
\nCumh\u00fbriyetin ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda bug\u00fcnk\u00fc yerine, y\u00e2ni Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y\u2019e ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n
1900\u2019l\u00fc y\u0131llara yakla\u015f\u0131l\u0131rken Almanya\u2019da Emil Kraepelin <\/strong>Depresif psikoz ve \u015fizofreniyi t\u00e2rif ederek Histeri \u00fczerindeki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, psikoz olmayan ak\u0131l hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015finin g\u00fcnl\u00fck hay\u00e2t\u0131 ve 1938\u2019de elektro\u015fok, psikiyatrik ted\u00e2vi alan\u0131na girdi. Nas\u0131l etki etti\u011fi bilinmemesine ra\u011fmen, hastalar\u0131n G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde psikiyatrik hastal\u0131klar, \u00e7e\u015fitli metodlarla ted\u00e2viye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130l\u00e2\u00e7 ted\u00e2visi, psikoterapi, \u0130nsan\u0131n davran\u0131\u015f ve uyum\u00a0bozukluklar\u0131n\u0131 inceleyen bilim dal\u0131. \u0130stenmeyen \u015fahsiyet problemlerinin sebeplerini, geli\u015fmesini ve\u00a0belirtilerini ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r ve bu bozukluklar\u0131n d\u00fczeltilmesini g\u00e2ye edinir. Ki\u015finin subjektif hay\u00e2t\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0bozulmas\u0131, di\u011fer ki\u015filer ve toplumla olan ili\u015fkilerinin aksamas\u0131na…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[2202],"class_list":["post-3612","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-saglik","tag-psikiyatri"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3612"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3612"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3612\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7532,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3612\/revisions\/7532"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3612"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3612"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3612"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\npsikiyatride yeni ufuklar a\u00e7t\u0131. Hastal\u0131klar\u0131n psikolojik k\u00f6kenli olma teorisi y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda \u00f6nem
\nkazanarak n\u00f6rolojik problemlerle psikiyatrik problemlerin ayr\u0131m\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir ad\u0131m at\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
\nproblemlerinden kaynaklanabilece\u011fini g\u00f6sterdi. 1900\u2019\u00fcn ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda konu\u015fma ted\u00e2vileri, r\u00fbh\u00ee
\nhastal\u0131klar\u0131n ted\u00e2visinde giderek artan bir \u00f6nem kazanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n
\nbir k\u0131sm\u0131nda g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr iyile\u015fme sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fc\u015f\u00e2hede edildi. Daha sonra r\u00fbh\u00ee bozukluklar\u0131n il\u00e2\u00e7la
\nted\u00e2visine ge\u00e7ildi. 1950\u2019de ilk antipsikotik il\u00e2\u00e7 olan Klorpromazin (Largactil) \u015fizofrenik hastalarda
\nkullan\u0131ld\u0131 ve \u00e7ok etkili bir il\u00e2\u00e7 oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Kullan\u0131lan il\u00e2\u00e7lar\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131yla, depresyon, mani,
\n\u015fizofreni hastalar\u0131 ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere r\u00fbh\u00ee bozukluklar\u0131 olan hastalar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k merkezlerinde
\nted\u00e2vilerine ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n
\nelektro\u015fok ted\u00e2visi bunlar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda gelmektedir. R\u00fbh\u00ee bozukluklar, iki ana b\u00f6l\u00fcmde incelenir: Bunlar
\npsikotik rahats\u0131zl\u0131klar ve psikotik olmayan hastal\u0131klard\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"