Radyoaktivite baz\u0131 elementlerin \u00e7ekirdeklerinin \u0131\u015f\u0131n yayarak par\u00e7alanmas\u0131d\u0131r. D\u0131\u015f etki olmaks\u0131z\u0131n kendi kendine bir par\u00e7alanma sonucu durmadan \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u00a0ve radyasyon \u015feklinde enerji veren maddelere radyoaktif maddeler, ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan \u0131\u015f\u0131nlara\u00a0radyoaktif \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u00a0denir.<\/p>\n
Fizikokimy\u00e2 sahas\u0131nda en \u00f6nemli ke\u015fif olup, bu ke\u015fifle birlikte kimyev\u00ee\u00a0elementler hakk\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri temelinden de\u011fi\u015ftirdi. Ayn\u0131 zamanda atomun \u00e7ekirde\u011findeki\u00a0muazzam enerjinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131ld\u0131. Radyoaktivite<\/strong>, 24 \u015eubat 1896\u2019da Henri Becquerel<\/strong>\u00a0taraf\u0131ndan ke\u015ffedildi.<\/p>\n Radyoaktivite, fl\u00fcoresan k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015f maddelerin X \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 verip vermedikleri\u00a0ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rken bulundu. H. Becquerel, X \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 elde etmek maksad\u0131yla fl\u00fcoresan olan uranyum tuzlar\u0131\u00a0kulland\u0131. Siyah k\u00e2\u011f\u0131da sar\u0131l\u0131 foto\u011fraf plakas\u0131 \u00fczerine bir miktar potasyum uranyum s\u00fclfat \u00e7ift tuzu\u00a0K2UO2 (SO4)2.2H2O koyup, g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na tuttu. Sonunda foto\u011fraf pl\u00e2kas\u0131nda uranyum tuzlar\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0bulundu\u011fu b\u00f6lgeye rastgelen k\u0131s\u0131mlarda kararmalar g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Fakat sonradan bu tuzlar\u0131n \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa m\u00e2ruz\u00a0b\u0131rak\u0131lmadan, y\u00e2ni fl\u00fcoresan k\u0131l\u0131nmadan da bu i\u015fi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Daha sonra da uranyumun\u00a0fl\u00fcoresan olan ve olmayan b\u00fct\u00fcn tuzlar\u0131n\u0131n hatt\u00e2 uranyum metalinin bile foto\u011fraf pl\u00e2kas\u0131na tesir etti\u011fini\u00a0buldu. Becquerel daha sonra bu denemesini karanl\u0131kta yapt\u0131. Uranyum bile\u015fiklerini siyah k\u00e2\u011f\u0131da\u00a0sard\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u00e2lde foto\u011fraf pl\u00e2kalar\u0131na etki eden \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 buldu. Bu \u0131\u015f\u0131nlara uranik \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar dedi.<\/p>\n Bu\u00a0ke\u015fiften sonra, Fransa\u2019da Pierre Curie<\/a> ve Marie Curie<\/a><\/strong>, Almanya\u2019da G.Schmidt<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan, ayn\u0131 zamanda\u00a0yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda toryumun da ayn\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 verdi\u011fi bulundu. Bundan sonraki ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda\u00a0radyoaktif \u00f6zelliklere s\u00e2hip polonyum ve radyum elementleri ke\u015ffedildi.<\/p>\n Bir radyoaktif elementin \u00e7ekirde\u011finin, kendili\u011finden ba\u015fka \u00e7ekirde\u011fe de\u011fi\u015fmesi olay\u0131na Radyoaktivite baz\u0131 elementlerin \u00e7ekirdeklerinin \u0131\u015f\u0131n yayarak par\u00e7alanmas\u0131d\u0131r. D\u0131\u015f etki olmaks\u0131z\u0131n kendi kendine bir par\u00e7alanma sonucu durmadan \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u00a0ve radyasyon \u015feklinde enerji veren maddelere radyoaktif maddeler, ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan \u0131\u015f\u0131nlara\u00a0radyoaktif \u0131\u015f\u0131n\u00a0denir. Radyoaktifli\u011fin ke\u015ffi…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[92],"tags":[2716,2209],"class_list":["post-3623","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bilim","tag-henri-becquerel","tag-radyoaktivite"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3623"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3623"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3623\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12103,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3623\/revisions\/12103"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3623"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3623"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3623"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\ndezentegrasyon, yapma olarak bir \u00e7ekirdekten bir ba\u015fka \u00e7ekirde\u011fin elde edilmesi h\u00e2disesine de
\ntransm\u00fctasyon denir.\u00a0104 elementin yakla\u015f\u0131k 1200 izotopu vard\u0131r. Bu izotoplardan 284\u2019\u00fc kararl\u0131 \u00e7ekirde\u011fe; radyoaktif\u00a0elementler karars\u0131z \u00e7ekirde\u011fe s\u00e2hiptirler. Bunlar kararl\u0131 h\u00e2le ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli enerjiler yayarlar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"