{"id":364,"date":"2015-03-16T13:00:25","date_gmt":"2015-03-16T11:00:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=364"},"modified":"2018-02-28T13:44:45","modified_gmt":"2018-02-28T11:44:45","slug":"sakizi-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=364","title":{"rendered":"Sak\u0131z\u0131 kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sak\u0131z\u0131 kim icat etti<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Aztekler Meksika ormanlar\u0131nda yeti\u015fen “sapodilla” bitkisinin kurutup \u00e7i\u011fnedikleri \u00f6zsuyuna “\u00e7ictli” ad\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015flerdi. \u00a0“\u00c7ictli” \u00e7i\u011fneme al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan Meksikal\u0131 general Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna (John Wayne’in \u00fcnl\u00fc filmine konu olan Teksas’taki Alamo Kalesi’nde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen katliam\u0131n kahraman\u0131), emekli olduktan sonra New York a yerle\u015fti ve burada tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 mucit Thomas Adams<\/strong>‘a sak\u0131z\u0131\u00a0tan\u0131tt\u0131. Sak\u0131zdan\u00a0ucuz sentetik lastik \u00fcretme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olan Adams, o zaman pop\u00fcler olarak \u00e7i\u011fnenmekte olan parafin par\u00e7alar\u0131 yerine sak\u0131z\u0131\u00a0pazarlamaya karar verdi. Sak\u0131z\u00a01871’de Adams New York Sak\u0131z\u0131 ad\u0131yla sat\u0131\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Otomatik ayg\u0131tlarla ilk \u00e7iklet sat\u0131\u015f\u0131na ise 1888 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015fland\u0131. “Tutti-Frutti” marka \u00e7ikletleri satan otomatik makineler, New York’un \u00e7e\u015fitli y\u00f6relerindeki istasyonlara Adams Gum Co. adl\u0131 \u015firketten Thomas Adams<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan yerle\u015ftirildi.<\/p>\n

1875’te John Colgan<\/strong> sak\u0131za, o zamanlar \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck \u015furuplar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan ve G\u00fcney Amerika’dan getirtilen Myroxylon toluiferum a\u011fac\u0131n\u0131n aromal\u0131 re\u00e7inesini katt\u0131. \u0130lk naneli sak\u0131z\u00a01880’de \u00fcretildi, parayla sak\u0131z\u00a0sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 yapan ilk makine New York istasyonuna ayn\u0131 y\u0131llarda konuldu. 1890’lardan itibaren paketi, reklam\u0131, \u00e7e\u015fitli tatlar\u0131yla sak\u0131z\u00a0\u00fcretimi sanayile\u015fti.<\/p>\n

Anne babalar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131rsaklara yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00f6\u011fretmenlerin dikkati da\u011f\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131, doktorlar\u0131n t\u00fckr\u00fck bezlerini kuruttu\u011fu, \u00e7ok kimsenin kad\u0131ns\u0131 buldu\u011fu i\u00e7in kar\u015f\u0131 oldu\u011fu sak\u0131z\u0131\u00a0Amerikal\u0131lar \u00e7ok sevdi. Ve sak\u0131z, tats\u0131z, kokusuz sentetik bir polimer olan polivinil asetattan \u00fcretilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131.<\/p>\n

1910’da Henry Fleer<\/strong> gevrek, beyaz, \u015fekerli t\u00fcr\u00fc ve karde\u015fi Frank 1928’de eskisinden iki kat b\u00fcy\u00fck balon yap\u0131labilen “kuru” sak\u0131z\u0131\u00a0\u00fcretti.<\/p>\n

1960’larda sak\u0131z Amerikanc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6stergelerinden say\u0131ld\u0131.\u00a0Baycan sak\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcretimi Denizli \u00c7ivril’de 1965’te, Danimarka patentli Dandy’nin sak\u0131z \u00fcretimi ise 1973’te ba\u015flad\u0131. Kent, \u00dclker gibi \u015firketlerin \u00fcretimiyle y\u0131ll\u0131k 150 milyon paketi bulan \u00fcretim\u0131n bug\u00fcn 100 milyonu ihra\u00e7 ediliyor.<\/p>\n

\u00c7am a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131ndan s\u00fcz\u00fclen sak\u0131zla zifti ay\u0131rmak, mumu eriyip sak\u0131z olu\u015fana kadar a\u011f\u0131zda o nesneyi \u00e7i\u011fnemek T\u00fcrklerin \u00e7ok eski \u00e2deti olmal\u0131 ki, s\u00f6zc\u00fck Altaylara kadar ortak k\u00f6kle biliniyor. Osmanl\u0131 devletinde Sak\u0131z Adas\u0131 ‘ndan elde edilen re\u00e7ineyle bir \u00e7e\u015fit \u015feker yap\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131 ve bu sak\u0131z devlet tekelindeydi. 1640 tarihli narh defterinde de \u00fc\u00e7 \u00e7e\u015fit sak\u0131z g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Herhalde bu meyveli \u015fekerleme sak\u0131zlar 18. y\u00fczy\u0131la varamad\u0131 ki, haf\u0131zalarda yaln\u0131zca damlasak\u0131z\u0131 kald\u0131. \u015eehirlerde bilinen ve sat\u0131lan, kenger otunun sak\u0131z\u0131 olan kenger sak\u0131z\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sak\u0131z\u0131 kim icat etti Aztekler Meksika ormanlar\u0131nda yeti\u015fen “sapodilla” bitkisinin kurutup \u00e7i\u011fnedikleri \u00f6zsuyuna “\u00e7ictli” ad\u0131n\u0131 vermi\u015flerdi. \u00a0“\u00c7ictli” \u00e7i\u011fneme al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan Meksikal\u0131 general Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna (John Wayne’in \u00fcnl\u00fc…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10389,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,17],"tags":[1934,1936,1167,1935],"class_list":["post-364","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-eglence","category-yiyecek-icecek","tag-ciklet","tag-john-curtis","tag-sakiz","tag-thomas-adams"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/364"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=364"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/364\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10390,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/364\/revisions\/10390"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10389"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=364"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=364"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=364"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}