Sanskrit\u00e7e Hint-Avrupa dil \u00e2ilesinin Hint-\u00c2r\u00ee koluna ba\u011fl\u0131 en eski\u00a0lisand\u0131r. Sanskrit, kelime olarak \u201ccil\u00e2lanm\u0131\u015f\u201d, \u201cd\u00fczenlenmi\u015f\u201d, \u201ckusursuzla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f\u201d m\u00e2n\u00e2lar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r.\u00a0T\u00e2rih\u00e7iler Sanskrit\u00e7eyi ilk konu\u015fanlar\u0131n Hindistan, Hazar Denizi ve Ortado\u011fu\u2019ya kadar yay\u0131lan \u00e7ok\u00a0geni\u015f bir topluluk oldu\u011funu \u00f6ne s\u00fcrerlerken; b\u00e2z\u0131lar\u0131 da bu lisan\u0131n hi\u00e7bir zaman d\u00een\u00ee ve ilm\u00ee \u00e7evre\u00a0s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015f\u0131p, halk taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddi\u00e2 etmektedirler.<\/p>\n
Sanskrit\u00e7eyi konu\u015fanlar\u0131n ilk vatanlar\u0131 Pencap (Yukar\u0131 \u0130ndus V\u00e2disi)t\u0131r. Burada Sanskrit\u00e7enin en eski
\n\u015fekli olan Veda lisan\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. M.\u00d6. 2. bin y\u0131l\u0131n ilk yar\u0131s\u0131na tekab\u00fcl eden d\u00f6nemde, Veda dili
\ngeli\u015fmi\u015f, esneklik kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. M.\u00d6. 1. bin y\u0131lda, Ganj V\u00e2disine kadar yay\u0131lan Hint-\u00c2r\u00ee toplulu\u011fu bu
\nlis\u00e2n\u0131 iyice benimsemi\u015f ve daha sonra da Prakit denilen dil ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu arada kom\u015fu
\nk\u00fclt\u00fcrlerden bir\u00e7ok kelime ve kullan\u0131l\u0131\u015f \u015fekli de Sanskrit\u00e7eye kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130lk gramer \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 ise M.\u00d6. 5. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n edip ve bilginleri yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, Sanskrit\u00e7eyi
\nhak\u00eeki zenginli\u011fine kavu\u015fturanlar\u0131n Panini adl\u0131 edebiyat bilgininin ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ekti\u011fi bir grup oldu\u011funda
\nittifak h\u00e2lindedirler. Ancak Panini\u2019nin kurdu\u011fu gramer kurallar\u0131 o devirde halk\u0131n hemen hemen
\ntam\u00e2m\u0131n\u0131n konu\u015ftu\u011fu Sanskrit\u00e7enin Veda ve Prakit kollar\u0131ndan bir\u00e7ok yerde ayr\u0131lan bir Sanskrit\u00e7eydi.
\nDevrin ayd\u0131nlar\u0131 \u00f6nlerine \u00e7\u0131kan bu intizaml\u0131 lisan\u0131 memnuniyetle kabullenmi\u015flerdir. Buna ra\u011fmen halk
\nhi\u00e7bir zaman Panini\u2019nin gramerini benimsememi\u015ftir. Sanskrit\u00e7e\u2019nin as\u0131l olarak ehemmiyet kazanmas\u0131
\nbu d\u00f6nemden sonra, Hint kutsal metinlerinin yaz\u0131lmas\u0131yla ba\u015flar. Genellikle devenegari harfleriyle
\nyaz\u0131lan bu metinlerin Brahmi ve Haro\u015fti harfleriyle yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olanlar\u0131 da vard\u0131r. Ancak hepsinde de lisan
\nolarak Sanskrit\u00e7e kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Sanskrit lis\u00e2n\u0131, yap\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan hem \u00e7ekime hem de eklemelere imk\u00e2n tan\u0131yan bir dildir. Bir\u00e7ok dilden
\nfarkl\u0131 olarak kelimelerin birbirlerine def\u00e2larca eklenmeleri m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Bu lis\u00e2nda kelime
\nkombinasyonlar\u0131 nih\u00e2yetsizdir. A kelimesi, B kelimesi ve C kelimesiyle ABC, AABC, BCA vb. \u015feklinde
\nt\u00fcretilebilecek y\u00fczbinlerce kelime vard\u0131r ve hepsinin m\u00e2n\u00e2lar\u0131 birbirinden farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden
\nSanskrit\u00e7e, kelime bak\u0131m\u0131ndan d\u00fcny\u00e2n\u0131n en zengin birka\u00e7 lis\u00e2n\u0131ndan biridir.<\/p>\n
Veda, Prakit ve Sanskrit\u00e7e\u2019nin di\u011fer leh\u00e7eleri yap\u0131 olarak Eski Yunanca ve L\u00e2tinceye \u00e7ok
\nbenzemektedirler. Bu benzerlik kelimelerde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi s\u0131fat, fiil, zamirlerde de mevcuttur. Yine
\n\u00e7o\u011fulland\u0131rma, cisimlerin tasnifi (feminine, masculine, n\u00f6tr); nominatiflik, akkusatiflik, vokatiflikte,
\nyard\u0131mc\u0131 fiillerde (pasif, aktif, kozatif, desideratif) ve zamanlarda da \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir paralellik
\ng\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n
Sanskrit\u00e7enin en son h\u00e2linde 15\u2019i \u00fcnl\u00fc, 37\u2019si \u00fcns\u00fcz olmak \u00fczere toplam 52 harf vard\u0131r. Bunlar da kendi
\naralar\u0131nda genizden \u00e7\u0131kma, b\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc vs. gibi b\u00f6l\u00fcmlere ayr\u0131lmaktad\u0131rlar.\u00a0G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde halk taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lmayan Sanskrit\u00e7eyi \u00f6\u011frenenler, bu lisandan Hint t\u00e2rih ve d\u00eenini\u00a0ara\u015ft\u0131rma alan\u0131nda faydalanmaktad\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Sanskrit\u00e7e Hint-Avrupa dil \u00e2ilesinin Hint-\u00c2r\u00ee koluna ba\u011fl\u0131 en eski\u00a0lisand\u0131r. Sanskrit, kelime olarak \u201ccil\u00e2lanm\u0131\u015f\u201d, \u201cd\u00fczenlenmi\u015f\u201d, \u201ckusursuzla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f\u201d m\u00e2n\u00e2lar\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131r.\u00a0T\u00e2rih\u00e7iler Sanskrit\u00e7eyi ilk konu\u015fanlar\u0131n Hindistan, Hazar Denizi ve Ortado\u011fu\u2019ya kadar yay\u0131lan \u00e7ok\u00a0geni\u015f bir topluluk…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[14],"tags":[2174],"class_list":["post-3677","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-egitim","tag-sanskritce"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3677"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3677"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3677\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6785,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3677\/revisions\/6785"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3677"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3677"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3677"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}