{"id":3720,"date":"2013-05-18T05:29:29","date_gmt":"2013-05-18T03:29:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=3720"},"modified":"2016-12-25T14:05:48","modified_gmt":"2016-12-25T12:05:48","slug":"seryumu-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=3720","title":{"rendered":"Seryum&#8217;u kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Seryum periyodik cetvelde n\u00e2dir toprak elementleri\u00a0(lantanitler) grubunda bulunan. Ce sembol\u00fcyle g\u00f6sterilen metalik bir elementtir.\u00a0Seryum, 1803\u2019te <strong>J. Berzelius<\/strong> ve <strong>Wilhelm<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan ke\u015ffedildi. Tabiatta en bol\u00a0bulunan n\u00e2dir toprak elementlerindendir. Bir\u00e7ok mineraller seryum ihtiv\u00e2 ederse de, tic\u00e2r\u00ee \u00f6nemi olan\u00a0seryum mineralleri monazit kumu, bestansit ve serit mineralleridir. Minerallerinde di\u011fer n\u00e2dir toprak<br \/>\nelementleri de bulunur.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6zellikleri: Atom numaras\u0131 58, atom a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 140,12\u2019dir. K\u00fctle numaralar\u0131 136,138,140 ve 142 olan<br \/>\nd\u00f6rt izotopu bilinmektedir. Kaynama noktas\u0131 3461\u00b0C, erime noktas\u0131 795\u00b0C, yo\u011funlu\u011fu 6,67 g\/cm3t\u00fcr.<br \/>\nSeryum 3+ ve 4+ oksidasyon say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 alabilir. Saf seryum gri parlak oldu\u011fu halde havada s\u00fcratle<br \/>\ndonukla\u015f\u0131r. Seryum-4 bile\u015fikleri zay\u0131f bir baz olan CeO2 bile\u015fi\u011finden t\u00fcrerler. Seryum -4 bile\u015fiklerinin<br \/>\n\u00e7o\u011fu sar\u0131 il\u00e2 k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 renktedir. CeO2 beyaz renkli olup s\u00fclfat asidinde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr. Saf seryum kalay gibi<br \/>\nyumu\u015fak olup, kolayca i\u015flenir. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc red\u00fcksiyon (indirgeme) v\u00e2s\u0131tas\u0131d\u0131r. Su ile so\u011fukta yava\u015f s\u0131cakta<br \/>\nh\u0131zla reaksiyon verir.<\/p>\n<p>Seryumu di\u011fer n\u00e2dir toprak metallerinden ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in seryum (4+) de\u011ferlikli h\u00e2le y\u00fckseltgenir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc seryum (3+) de\u011ferlikli haldeyken, di\u011fer ayn\u0131 grubun metallerinden zor ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Seryum -4 tuzlar\u0131 pH= 2,7 de \u00e7\u00f6kerken, di\u011fer 3+ de\u011ferlikli metallerin tuzlar\u0131 pH= 6,3-8,2 aras\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6ker.<\/p>\n<p>Kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 alanlar: Seryum ve bile\u015fiklerinin pek\u00e7ok kullan\u0131m alan\u0131 vard\u0131r. Seryum ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n en \u00f6nemlisi % 50 oran\u0131nda seryum ihtiv\u00e2 eden mi\u015fmetaldir.<\/p>\n<p>Bu metal \u00e7akmakta\u015f\u0131 olarak, ayr\u0131ca \u00e7e\u015fitli ala\u015f\u0131mlarda y\u00fckseltgenmeyi \u00f6nleyici ve vakum t\u00fcplerinde<br \/>\noksijen giderici getter olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Jet motorlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan, y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa dayan\u0131kl\u0131 ala\u015f\u0131mlar<br \/>\n% 3 oran\u0131nda seryum ihtiv\u00e2 ederler. Metal olarak, sinema, televizyon ve benzeri san\u00e2yilerde<br \/>\nayd\u0131nlatma maksad\u0131yla kullan\u0131lan karbonla doyurulmu\u015f ark lambalar\u0131nda da kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Seryumun 4+<br \/>\nde\u011ferlikli tuzlar\u0131ndan analitik kimy\u00e2da demir gibi oksitlenebilen maddeleri t\u00e2yin etmede, oksitleyici ajan<br \/>\nolarak istif\u00e2de edilir.<\/p>\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca seryum dioksitten optik san\u00e2yiinde cam\u0131n ince perdahlanmas\u0131nda; cam<br \/>\n\u00fcretiminde renk giderici olarak; porselen kaplamalarda saydams\u0131zl\u0131k verici olarak faydalan\u0131l\u0131r.<br \/>\nSeryum nitrat ise akkor gaz lambalar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6mleklerinde kullan\u0131l\u0131r; \u00f6b\u00fcr seryum tuzlar\u0131ndan da foto\u011fraf<br \/>\nve dokuma san\u00e2yilerinde faydalan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Seryum periyodik cetvelde n\u00e2dir toprak elementleri\u00a0(lantanitler) grubunda bulunan. Ce sembol\u00fcyle g\u00f6sterilen metalik bir elementtir.\u00a0Seryum, 1803\u2019te J. Berzelius ve Wilhelm taraf\u0131ndan ke\u015ffedildi. Tabiatta en bol\u00a0bulunan n\u00e2dir toprak elementlerindendir. Bir\u00e7ok mineraller seryum&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[92],"tags":[2197],"class_list":["post-3720","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bilim","tag-seryum"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3720"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3720"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3720\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6564,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3720\/revisions\/6564"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3720"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3720"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3720"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}