{"id":4080,"date":"2012-12-04T02:55:20","date_gmt":"2012-12-04T00:55:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=4080"},"modified":"2016-12-25T14:58:17","modified_gmt":"2016-12-25T12:58:17","slug":"toryumu-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=4080","title":{"rendered":"Toryum’u kim buldu, kim ke\u015ffetti"},"content":{"rendered":"

Toryum radyoaktif, metalik bir elementtir. Th sembol\u00fcyle g\u00f6sterilir. 1829’da Norve\u00e7li rahip ve amat\u00f6r mineralojist Morten Thrane Esmark<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan ke\u015ffedildi ve \u0130sve\u00e7li kimyager J\u00f6ns Jacob Berzelius<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan tan\u0131mland\u0131 ve Norve\u00e7 g\u00f6k g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcs\u00fc tanr\u0131s\u0131 olan Thor’un ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi.<\/p>\n

Toryum, lantanoitlerle birlikte bulunur. Ayr\u0131ca torit (ThO2) h\u00e2linde de\u00a0tabiatta mevcuttur. Lantanoitler yan\u0131nda, monazit kumunda toryum da vard\u0131r. Monazit kumu s\u0131cak\u00a0s\u00fclfat asidiyle i\u015fleme sokulup so\u011futulduktan sonra, s\u00fclfat \u00e7\u00f6zeltisine oksalat asidi kat\u0131l\u0131rsa, toryum ve\u00a0b\u00fct\u00fcn lantanoitler oksalatlar\u0131 h\u00e2linde \u00e7\u00f6kerler. Fazla amonyum oksalat kat\u0131l\u0131rsa, toryum kompleks\u00a0vererek \u00e7\u00f6zeltiye ge\u00e7er. \u00c7\u00f6zelti s\u00fcz\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde toryum ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Kur\u015fun yumu\u015fakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve kolay i\u015flenebilen bir metaldir.<\/p>\n

Atom numaras\u0131 90, atom a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u00a0232,038\u2019dir. Th\u2019un en \u00e7ok kullan\u0131lan bile\u015fi\u011fi ThO2\u2019dir. Bu da toryum hidrooksit veya di\u011fer toryum\u00a0tuzlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla ele ge\u00e7er. ThO2\u2019nin k\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman ne\u015fretti\u011fi \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6nemli k\u0131sm\u0131 g\u00f6zle\u00a0g\u00f6r\u00fclebilen sahada oldu\u011fundan, toryum CeO2 ile birlikte ayd\u0131nlatma g\u00e2yesiyle kullan\u0131l\u0131r. 1800\u2019lerin\u00a0sonlar\u0131nda bu maksatla kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. O zamandan bu yana hem sokak lambalar\u0131nda hem\u00a0de elektriksiz mahallerde d\u00e2hil\u00ee ayd\u0131nlatmalarda kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Toryum-232 atom \u00e7ekirde\u011fi par\u00e7alanabilen metal olmamakla birlikte, n\u00f6tron absorbsiyonu ile
\nuranyum-233\u2019e d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclebildi\u011finden \u00f6nemli bir n\u00fckleer enerji kayna\u011f\u0131 olur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc tabiatta
\nuranyumdan daha yayg\u0131n olarak bulunur.<\/p>\n

Metalik toryum, vakum t\u00fcpleri i\u00e7in azot ve oksijen giderici olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Magnezyumla olan hafif ve
\ny\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa dayan\u0131kl\u0131 ala\u015f\u0131m\u0131 roket ve u\u00e7aklar\u0131n yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Toryum flor\u00fcr y\u00fcksek
\ns\u0131cakl\u0131k seramiklerinde, toryum oksit n\u00fckleer yak\u0131tlarda, t\u0131pta, seramik ve elektronik \u00e2let yap\u0131m\u0131nda
\nkullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Toryum tabiatta uranyumdan yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7 kat daha fazla bulunur. 2006<\/a> verilerine g\u00f6re D\u00fcnya’da bilinen toplam toryum rezervinin 2,5 milyon ton oldu\u011fu ve ortalama\u00a0% 6\u20137 civar\u0131nda toryum oksit i\u00e7erdi\u011fi s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Toryum radyoaktif, metalik bir elementtir. Th sembol\u00fcyle g\u00f6sterilir. 1829’da Norve\u00e7li rahip ve amat\u00f6r mineralojist Morten Thrane Esmark taraf\u0131ndan ke\u015ffedildi ve \u0130sve\u00e7li kimyager J\u00f6ns Jacob Berzelius taraf\u0131ndan tan\u0131mland\u0131 ve Norve\u00e7 g\u00f6k…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[92],"tags":[2733,2734,2123],"class_list":["post-4080","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bilim","tag-jons-jacob-berzelius","tag-morten-thrane-esmark","tag-toryum"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4080"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4080"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4080\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6588,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4080\/revisions\/6588"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4080"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4080"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4080"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}