{"id":4092,"date":"2012-12-04T03:07:43","date_gmt":"2012-12-04T01:07:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=4092"},"modified":"2016-12-26T00:34:28","modified_gmt":"2016-12-25T22:34:28","slug":"troleybusu-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=4092","title":{"rendered":"Troleyb\u00fcs&#8217;\u00fc kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Genellikle \u015fehiri\u00e7i ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan, <a title=\"Elektri\u011fi kim buldu\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/elektrik-kim-buldu\/\">elektrik <\/a>enerjisiyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan, lastik tekerlekli, iki kasal\u0131, otob\u00fcs benzeri ta\u015f\u0131t. \u0130lk zamanlarda \u201celektrikli otob\u00fcs\u201d olarak an\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130ki telli havai hattan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 beslemeli elektrikle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Havai hat\u00a0birbirine paralel olarak uzanan 60 cm aral\u0131kl\u0131 iki \u00e7\u0131plak telden ib\u00e2rettir. Troleyb\u00fcsten hatlara uzanan iki boynuz, bu tellere alttan s\u00fcrt\u00fcnerek elektrik enerjisini ta\u015f\u0131t\u0131n motoruna iletir. Boynuzlar a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yukar\u0131 ve sa\u011fa sola hareket edebildiklerinden, ta\u015f\u0131t ini\u015fli \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015fl\u0131 yollarda kullan\u0131labildi\u011fi gibi, belli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerde sa\u011fa ve sola da yana\u015fabilmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130lk troleyb\u00fcs denemesi 1882\u2019de <strong>Almanya<\/strong> Berlin\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti. 1900\u2019l\u00fc y\u0131llarda Almanya, Fransa, \u0130talya ve Orta Avrupa\u2019da tic\u00e2r\u00ee ama\u00e7larla\u00a0troleyb\u00fcs yap\u0131m\u0131na ba\u015fland\u0131. 1930\u2019larda bu \u00fclkelerde ve Amerika\u2019n\u0131n bir\u00e7ok \u015fehrinde \u015fehiri\u00e7i yolcu ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda troleyb\u00fcsler kullan\u0131ld\u0131. Daha sessiz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, eksoz duman\u0131 olmamas\u0131 ve daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ivmelenmesi gibi \u00f6zellikleri sebebiyle sonraki y\u0131llarda di\u011fer Avrupa \u00fclkelerinde de troleyb\u00fcs kullan\u0131m\u0131 yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u0130talya ve Fransa gibi \u00fclkelerin b\u00e2z\u0131 kasaba ve \u015fehirlerinde h\u00e2l\u00e2 troleyb\u00fcs i\u015fletmecili\u011fi dev\u00e2m etmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dclkemizde ilk troleyb\u00fcs hatt\u0131 1947\u2019de Ankara\u2019n\u0131n Ulus ve Bakanl\u0131klar semtleri aras\u0131nda tesis edildi. 1954\u2019te \u0130zmir, 1961\u2019de de \u0130stanbul\u2019da \u015fehiri\u00e7i yolcu ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kullan\u0131ld\u0131. Trafik yo\u011funlu\u011funun art\u0131\u015f\u0131 sebebiyle 1984\u2019te \u0130stanbul\u2019da, 1986\u2019da Ankara\u2019da tam\u00e2men ula\u015f\u0131mdan kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Troleyb\u00fcsler, garaja girip \u00e7\u0131kma, yol \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 sebebiyle hattan ayr\u0131lma gibi havai hatt\u0131n bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131sa mes\u00e2felerde yol almak i\u00e7in k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir elektrojen grupla veya bir batarya ile donat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu sistemle hats\u0131z olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir h\u0131zla hareket edebilmektedirler.<\/p>\n<p>1980\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok troleyb\u00fcs, yeni bir teknikle daha fazla geli\u015ftirildi. Bu s\u00e2yede ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak normal h\u0131zla seyredebilmektedir. Bu \u00f6zellikleri, havai hatta yol al\u0131rken dolan bir batarya veya dizel bir motor s\u00e2yesinde sa\u011flanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Genellikle \u015fehiri\u00e7i ula\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan, elektrik enerjisiyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan, lastik tekerlekli, iki kasal\u0131, otob\u00fcs benzeri ta\u015f\u0131t. \u0130lk zamanlarda \u201celektrikli otob\u00fcs\u201d olarak an\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130ki telli havai hattan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 beslemeli elektrikle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Havai hat\u00a0birbirine&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[24],"tags":[2120],"class_list":["post-4092","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-gezi","tag-troleybus"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4092"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4092"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4092\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7202,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4092\/revisions\/7202"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4092"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4092"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4092"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}