{"id":4120,"date":"2010-07-04T03:47:19","date_gmt":"2010-07-04T01:47:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=4120"},"modified":"2018-02-25T19:37:40","modified_gmt":"2018-02-25T17:37:40","slug":"ureyi-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=4120","title":{"rendered":"\u00dcreyi kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u00dcre organik bir bile\u015fiktir. Form\u00fcl\u00fc H2N-CO-NH2\u2019dir.\u00a0Karbonik asidin diamidi olan \u00fcre ayn\u0131 zamanda karbamik asidin de amidi oldu\u011fundan \u201ckarbamid\u201d ad\u0131\u00a0ile de bilinir. \u00dcrenin ilk def\u00e2 1773 y\u0131l\u0131nda ke\u015ffedildi\u011fi bilinir. Ancak \u015f\u00fcpheden uzak kesin sentezi 1828\u2019de <strong>W\u00f6hler\u00a0<\/strong>taraf\u0131ndan ba\u015far\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ke\u015ffinden bu yana 50\u2019den fazla reaksiyonda \u00fcre bir \u00fcr\u00fcn olarak elde\u00a0edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Amonyum karbonat\u0131n 150-200\u00b0C\u2019ye kadar \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131ndan \u00fcre elde edilir ki bu teknik bir metoddur.<br \/>\nW\u00f6hler sentezi olarak bilinen reaksiyonda ise siyanik aside amonyak kat\u0131l\u0131r ve yanyana amonyum<br \/>\ntuzuyla alkali siyanat ihtiv\u00e2 eden bir \u00e7\u00f6zelti ele ge\u00e7er. Bunun kaynat\u0131lmas\u0131yla da \u00fcre elde edilir. \u00dcre<br \/>\n132\u00b0C\u2019de eriyen rombik prizmalar veya i\u011fne \u015feklinde renksiz kristaller verir. Su ve alkolde iyi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcr.<br \/>\nKloroform, eter veya etil asetatta \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnmez. 132\u00b0C\u2019nin \u00fcst\u00fcnde amonyak, siyan\u00fcr asidi vb. gibi \u00fcr\u00fcnler<br \/>\nvererek bozunur. Nitrat asidi, sodyum hipoklorit veya sodyum hipobromit gibi bile\u015fiklerin etkisiyle azot,<br \/>\nsu ve karbondiokside ayr\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Seyreltik asit veya alkalilerle \u0131s\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda amonyak ve karbondiokside<br \/>\nbozunur.<\/p>\n<p>En \u00e7ok g\u00fcbre ve hayvan yemi olarak kullan\u0131lan \u00fcreden il\u00e2\u00e7 ve plastik yap\u0131m\u0131nda da faydalan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00dcre<br \/>\nasit ve tuzlarla bir tak\u0131m kat\u0131lma bile\u015fikleri, b\u00e2z\u0131 asitlerle de kondensasyon \u00fcr\u00fcnleri veya \u00fcreidleri verir.<br \/>\nNaftalinin t\u00fcrevleriyle verdi\u011fi bile\u015fikleri terapide kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Boya \u00fcretiminde de kullan\u0131lan \u00fcre ayn\u0131<br \/>\nzamanda bitkiler i\u00e7in bir besin kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Fizyolojik \u00f6nemi: \u00dcre, fizyolojik \u00f6nemi bulunan bir bile\u015fiktir. Memelilerin v\u00fccudunda protein<br \/>\nmaddelerinin yak\u0131lmas\u0131 sonucu meydana gelen amonyak, karaci\u011ferde karbondioksitle \u00fcreye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr.<br \/>\nKana ge\u00e7en \u00fcre, idrarla d\u0131\u015far\u0131ya at\u0131l\u0131r. \u00dcre ayr\u0131ca az miktarda ter, s\u00fct ve g\u00f6zya\u015f\u0131nda da bulunur.<br \/>\nYeti\u015fkin bir insan g\u00fcnde 25-30 gram \u00fcreyi idrarla atar. \u0130nsan kan\u0131ndaki \u00fcre miktar\u0131 normalde % 50 mg<br \/>\nciv\u00e2r\u0131ndad\u0131r. % 50 mg\u2019\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fc anormaldir. Fakat v\u00fccut ya\u015fland\u0131k\u00e7a, b\u00f6breklerin \u00fcreyi v\u00fccuttan atma<br \/>\nk\u00e2biliyeti de her ge\u00e7en y\u0131l bir par\u00e7a daha azalacakt\u0131r. 40 ya\u015f\u0131ndan \u00eetib\u00e2ren, her y\u0131l b\u00f6breklerin s\u00fczme<br \/>\nk\u00e2biliyeti % 1 oran\u0131nda azalmaktad\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden 75-80 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki bir ki\u015fide kandaki \u00fcre miktar\u0131n\u0131n %<br \/>\n65-75 mg bulunmas\u0131n\u0131 normal olarak kabul etmek gerekir. Kandaki \u00fcre miktar\u0131n\u0131n beklenen normal<br \/>\nde\u011ferin \u00fczerinde olmas\u0131 h\u00e2line \u201c\u00fcremi\u201d ad\u0131 verilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00dcre organik bir bile\u015fiktir. Form\u00fcl\u00fc H2N-CO-NH2\u2019dir.\u00a0Karbonik asidin diamidi olan \u00fcre ayn\u0131 zamanda karbamik asidin de amidi oldu\u011fundan \u201ckarbamid\u201d ad\u0131\u00a0ile de bilinir. \u00dcrenin ilk def\u00e2 1773 y\u0131l\u0131nda ke\u015ffedildi\u011fi bilinir. Ancak \u015f\u00fcpheden&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[92],"tags":[2024],"class_list":["post-4120","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bilim","tag-ure"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4120"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4120"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4120\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10047,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4120\/revisions\/10047"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4120"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4120"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4120"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}