S\u00fct\u00fcn laktik asit (s\u00fctasidi) k\u00fclt\u00fcrleriyle\u00a0mayalanmas\u0131 sonucunda elde edilen ek\u015fimsi aromal\u0131 peltele\u015fmi\u015f bir s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc. Mill\u00ee bir yiyece\u011fimiz\u00a0olan yo\u011furdun ilk def\u00e2 ne zaman ve nas\u0131l yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na d\u00e2ir eldeki bilgiler yetersizdir. Amerika\u2019da\u00a0yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak 45-50 y\u0131l \u00f6nce, Avrupa\u2019da da yirminci y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131ndan \u00eetib\u00e2ren tan\u0131nmaya ve\u00a0yap\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanan bu yiyece\u011fin en az\u0131ndan 1000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce T\u00fcrk \u00fclkelerinde yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve yendi\u011fi bir\u00a0ger\u00e7ektir. 1000 y\u0131l \u00f6nce Balasagunlu Hacip ve Ka\u015fgarl\u0131 Mahm\u00fbd taraf\u0131ndan yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan Kutadgu\u00a0Bilig ve Divan\u00fc L\u00fcg\u00e2ti\u2019t-T\u00fcrk adl\u0131 eserlerde yo\u011furda bug\u00fcnk\u00fc anlamda rastlan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Fransa\u2019ya yo\u011furt, 16. y\u00fczy\u0131lda, Birinci Fransuva\u2019y\u0131 ted\u00e2vi g\u00e2yesiyle T\u00fcrkler taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve o\u00a0t\u00e2rihte yo\u011furt Fransa\u2019da daha ziy\u00e2de il\u00e2\u00e7 olarak tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yo\u011furdun esas yay\u0131lmas\u0131 ve geni\u015f \u00e7apta\u00a0T\u00fcrk s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fmas\u0131 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131na rastlar.<\/p>\n
Yo\u011furdun yap\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ok\u00a0zor de\u011fildir. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00e7apta yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 zaman fazla \u00e2let ve ekipmana da ihtiya\u00e7\u00a0g\u00f6stermez. Hammadde, y\u00e2ni s\u00fct pi\u015firilip s\u0131cakl\u0131k 42-46\u00b0C\u2019ye getirildikten sonra yo\u011furt mayas\u0131 ile\u00a0a\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r. 3-4 saat b\u00f6yle b\u0131rak\u0131larak s\u00fct\u00fcn yo\u011furtla\u015fmas\u0131, y\u00e2ni ek\u015fimsi bir tatla, peltemsi bir yap\u0131 almas\u0131\u00a0sa\u011flan\u0131r. Yo\u011furt mayas\u0131 olarak genellikle bir g\u00fcn \u00f6nceki yo\u011furt kullan\u0131l\u0131r.\u00a0Yo\u011furt yap\u0131lacak s\u00fct\u00fcn se\u00e7imi \u00f6nemlidir. Yo\u011furt hemen her \u00e7e\u015fit s\u00fctten yap\u0131labilir. Ancak kaliteli ve\u00a0dayan\u0131kl\u0131 yo\u011furt yapmak i\u00e7in hammaddenin de ayn\u0131 \u00f6zellikte olmas\u0131 gereklidir. Yo\u011furt yap\u0131lacak s\u00fct\u00a0temiz, t\u00e2ze, normal ve hilesiz olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Hastal\u0131k yap\u0131c\u0131 fakt\u00f6rlerden ar\u0131nd\u0131rmak, fazla suyu u\u00e7urarak yo\u011furda daha iyi bir k\u0131vam kazand\u0131rmak,\u00a0oksijeni bertaraf etmek ve hammaddedeki ya\u011f\u0131 yumu\u015fatmak g\u00e2yesiyle s\u00fct \u0131s\u0131t\u0131l\u0131r. Is\u0131tma genel olarak\u00a085-90\u00b0C\u2019de 30 dakika s\u00fcreyle yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. S\u00fct\u00fcn \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u015fleminde g\u00f6z\u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken bir\u00a0husus da homojenlendirmedir. Ya\u011f\u0131n y\u00fczeyde toplanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcstte kaymakl\u0131, altta ya\u011fs\u0131z bir k\u0131s\u0131m\u00a0meydana gelmesini \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in homojenizasyon gerekli olmaktad\u0131r. Homojenizasyon genellikle\u00a0past\u00f6rize kazanlarda 60\u00b0C\u2019ye kadar s\u00fct\u00fcn \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131ndan sonra yap\u0131l\u0131r.\u00a0S\u00fct homojenizat\u00fcrden ge\u00e7irilir. Burada 200 kg\/cm2 bas\u0131n\u00e7 alt\u0131nda homojenize edilerek esas \u0131s\u0131tman\u0131n\u00a0yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 pastorize kazan\u0131na sevk edilir. Is\u0131tma sistemi tamamland\u0131ktan sonra so\u011futucularda
\nso\u011futulur.<\/p>\n
Yo\u011furt mayas\u0131<\/strong> s\u00fct\u00fcn asitli\u011fini geli\u015ftirerek onu p\u0131ht\u0131la\u015ft\u0131ran ve yo\u011furda has aroman\u0131n meydana\u00a0gelmesini sa\u011flayan bir bakteri k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr. Yo\u011furt mayas\u0131nda ba\u015fl\u0131ca iki bakteri bulunur. Bunlar\u00a0streptecoccus thermophilus ve loctobasillus bulgaricus\u2019tur.<\/p>\n Bir\u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fidi vard\u0131r. Ba\u015fl\u0131calar\u0131 \u00e2di yo\u011furt, aromal\u0131 yo\u011furt, silivri tipi yo\u011furt, dayan\u0131kl\u0131\u00a0yo\u011furt, reform yo\u011furt ve bioghurttur. Memleketimizde hatt\u00e2 di\u011fer \u00fclkelerde de en fazla yap\u0131lan yo\u011furt\u00a0\u00e7e\u015fidi \u00e2di yo\u011furttur. Bunlar normal olarak i\u015flenir, aroma maddeleri kat\u0131lmaz. Tabi\u00ee tad ve k\u0131vamda\u00a0t\u00fcketiciye sunulur.<\/p>\n Aromal\u0131 yo\u011furtlar bat\u0131 memleketlerinde fazlaca ilgi g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f \u00e7ok yayg\u0131nla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunlar iki gruba\u00a0ayr\u0131labilir. Meyveli yo\u011furtlar, \u015fekerli yo\u011furtlar. Meyveli yo\u011furtlar ilk \u00f6nce\u0130svi\u00e7re\u2019de yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7e\u015fitli\u00a0\u00fclkelerde de\u011fi\u015fik i\u015fleme us\u00fblleri vard\u0131r. \u00c7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli meyvelerden i\u015flenmektedir. En fazla yayg\u0131n olan\u0131 da\u00a0\u00e7ilekli yo\u011furttur.<\/p>\n Dayan\u0131kl\u0131 yo\u011furtlar\u0131 torba yo\u011furdu, past\u00f6rize yo\u011furt, k\u0131\u015f yo\u011furdu (pi\u015fmi\u015f yo\u011furt) ve kurut olmak \u00fczere\u00a0d\u00f6rt grupta toplanabilir.<\/p>\n Yo\u011furt hazm\u0131 \u00e7ok kolay olan bir besindir. Bunun sebebi \u015fu \u015fekilde izah\u00a0edilebilir: \u00c7ok yava\u015f asit te\u015fekk\u00fcl\u00fc s\u00fct asidi bakterileri ile s\u00fct\u00fc \u00e7ok ince zerrecikler h\u00e2linde p\u0131ht\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.\u00a0B\u00f6ylece m\u00eede barsak kanallar\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131m sular\u0131, proteine nisbi olarak \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir y\u00fczey \u00fczerinden\u00a0etki etmektedir. Di\u011fer taraftan yo\u011furt yap\u0131m\u0131nda mikroorganizmalar, proteini k\u0131smen peptitlere ve\u00a0serbest amino asitlerine kadar par\u00e7alamakta, b\u00f6ylece bir \u00e7e\u015fit \u00f6n haz\u0131m vuk\u00fb bulmaktad\u0131r.\u00a0Yo\u011furt kalsiyumdan yararlanmay\u0131 g\u0131d\u00e2daki laktozdan daha fazla d\u00fczeltmektedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc s\u00fct asidi il\u00e2ve\u00a0olarak kalsiyumun hazmolmas\u0131na yard\u0131m etmektedir. S\u0131hhatli insanlara herhangi bir rahats\u0131zl\u0131k\u00a0olmadan g\u00fcnl\u00fck bir litreye kadar yo\u011furt verilebilir.<\/p>\n Yo\u011furt, b\u00e2z\u0131 enterit ve kolit gibi gastro intestinal bozukluklarda diet olarak \u00e7ok\u00a0k\u0131ymetli g\u0131d\u00e2 maddesi say\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7e\u015fitli ya\u015ftaki insanlar\u0131n \u00f6zellikle s\u00fct \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n\u0131n ishallerinin\u00a0veya di\u011fer haz\u0131m bozukluklar\u0131n\u0131n ted\u00e2visinde \u00e7ok faydal\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n \u00c7ok say\u0131daki ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar neticesinde yo\u011furtta antibiyotik \u00f6zellikler tespit edilmi\u015ftir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bir\u00e7ok\u00a0bakteriye kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6nleyici bir etkisi tetkikler sonucu anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Antibiyotik etkili maddeler her\u015feyden\u00a0\u00f6nce gram negatif barsak bakterilerinin geli\u015fmesini, \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemektedir. Hayvanlar \u00fczerinde\u00a0yap\u0131lan denemelerde barsaklarda koli bakterileri tam\u00e2men yok edilmemekle ber\u00e2ber say\u0131lar\u0131 yo\u011furtta\u00a0iyice azalt\u0131labilmi\u015ftir. B\u00fcnyeye al\u0131nan patojen, y\u00e2ni hastal\u0131k yap\u0131c\u0131 koli bakterileri yo\u011furt al\u0131nmas\u0131yla\u00a0\u00e7ok \u00e7abuk d\u0131\u015far\u0131 at\u0131labilmektedir. Nisb\u00ee olarak k\u0131sa zaman i\u00e7inde \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclebilen mikroorganizmalara\u00a0kar\u015f\u0131 bakteriyostatik veya bakterisit etki g\u00f6sterir. \u015e\u00e2yet bu tip bakteriler ek\u015fi s\u00fcte bula\u015fm\u0131\u015flarsa,\u00a0mesel\u00e2 salmonellerin yo\u011furt i\u00e7erisinde ya\u015fama k\u00e2biliyeti \u00e7ok k\u0131sa s\u00fcrmektedir.\u00a0T\u00fcrberk\u00fclozlu hastalar \u00fczerinde de antibiyotik etki g\u00f6stermektedir. Yo\u011furt ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131\u00a0hastal\u0131klar\u0131n ted\u00e2visinde de olduk\u00e7a \u00f6neme s\u00e2hiptir. Ayr\u0131ca \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 karaci\u011fer iltih\u00e2b\u0131\u00a0(hepatit) hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n dietik ted\u00e2visinde yo\u011furt kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Yo\u011furdun bundan ba\u015fka radyoaktivitelerin\u00a0sebep oldu\u011fu hastal\u0131klarda, kalp rahats\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 hatt\u00e2 kanser ted\u00e2visinde bile faydal\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri\u00a0s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. B\u00e2z\u0131 zehirlenmelere kar\u015f\u0131 da yo\u011furt tavsiye edilmektedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" S\u00fct\u00fcn laktik asit (s\u00fctasidi) k\u00fclt\u00fcrleriyle\u00a0mayalanmas\u0131 sonucunda elde edilen ek\u015fimsi aromal\u0131 peltele\u015fmi\u015f bir s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc. Mill\u00ee bir yiyece\u011fimiz\u00a0olan yo\u011furdun ilk def\u00e2 ne zaman ve nas\u0131l yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na d\u00e2ir eldeki bilgiler yetersizdir. Amerika\u2019da\u00a0yakla\u015f\u0131k…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10129,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[1941],"class_list":["post-4164","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yiyecek-icecek","tag-yogurt"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4164"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4164"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4164\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6120,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4164\/revisions\/6120"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10129"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4164"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4164"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4164"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}Yo\u011furt \u00e7e\u015fitleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Sindirim \u00fczerinde etkileri<\/strong><\/h2>\n
Sa\u011fl\u0131k i\u00e7in \u00f6nemi<\/strong><\/h2>\n