\u00d6nce ortada tek su kab\u0131 vard\u0131r, sonra da tek bardak. Herkesin ayr\u0131 barda\u011f\u0131 olmas\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131llar alacakt\u0131r. Avrupa’da bardak kullan\u0131m\u0131 16. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ba\u015flar. Barda\u011f\u0131n ge\u00e7 kal\u0131\u015f\u0131 dilde de kendisini g\u00f6sterir. Roma zaman\u0131nda \u00e7ivitotu (Latince vitrum) mavi-ye\u015fil cam\u0131n yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r ve ye\u015fil s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (Latince viridis, Frans\u0131zca “vert”, \u0130talyanca “verde”, \u0130spanyolca “verde”) ile cam s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc (\u0130talyanca “vetro”, Frans\u0131zca “verre”, \u0130spanyolca “vidrio”) ayn\u0131 k\u00f6kten \u00fcretil-mi\u015ftir. Bu dillerde bardakla cam birbiri yerine kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Germen dil-lerinde de durum ayn\u0131d\u0131r, cam ve bardak (Almanca “Glas”, Ingilizce ,, glass”) ayn\u0131 s\u00f6zc\u00fckt\u00fcr ve Gias eskiden amber anlam\u0131na gelirken, zamanla Kelt dillerinde ye\u015fil anlam\u0131na gelmi\u015ftir; cam ambere benzetilmi\u015fken, bardak cama denk g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. “Glas” s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden t\u00fcreyen di\u011fer anlamlar da parlakl\u0131k ifade eder (\u0130ngilizce “glaze” gibi).<\/p>\n
Bardak Slav topluluklara daha ge\u00e7 girmi\u015f ve cam bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in eskiden i\u00e7me kab\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lan, bardak gelince unutulan, ger\u00e7ekte ad\u0131n\u0131 Got\u00e7adan alm\u0131\u015f olan boynuzdan aletin, “stikill”in yerine ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. G\u00fcney Amerika dillerinde ise, bardak Portekizcede oldu\u011fu gi-bi “vaso”dur, Latince yas, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcltme hali vascellum’dan \u0130ngilizce “vessel” olmak \u00fczere, Avrupa dillerinde tabak, f\u0131\u00e7\u0131, \u015fi\u015fe, vazo, tekne, gemi anlamlar\u0131nda s\u00f6zc\u00fckler bulunur ve i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n
Endonezya, Banglade\u015f, Pakistan gibi \u00fclkelerde bardak “glass”tan al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Avrupa dillerinin su barda\u011f\u0131 konusundaki tembelli\u011fi, s\u00fcrahi ve kadehte de g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in, ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015fka bi\u00e7imlerde kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131klar\u0131ndan s\u00f6z etmek zor g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor. T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede standart kadeh s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bulundu\u011fu gibi, ayak, su\u011frak, dolu, kanya, piyale vb. gibi do\u011frudan i\u00e7ki barda\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlatan bir\u00e7ok s\u00f6zc\u00fck vard\u0131r.Oysa masa adab\u0131n\u0131n kurucusu Frans\u0131z k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc, i\u00e7ki t\u00fcrlerine ve bi\u00e7imlerine g\u00f6re \u00e7ok zengin olsa da (\u015fampanya, lik\u00f6r, brendi, \u015farap, kokteyl, bira vb. kadehleri farkl\u0131d\u0131r) Frans\u0131zcada kadeh kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ger\u00e7ekte yoktur; bu dilde yine s\u00f6zc\u00fckler “verre”, “coupe”, Ingilizcede “cup” ve “glass”tan ibarettir (\u0130ngilizce \u015fiir dilinde kalm\u0131\u015f olan ve ayin s\u0131ras\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan kadehe verilen ad “chalice” Latince calix’ den ve yine g\u00fcnl\u00fck dilde kullan\u0131m\u0131 olmayan “goblet” Latince cupa > cupellus’dan gelir)(bkz. Kap Kacak).<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede su i\u00e7ilen kap, ilgin\u00e7 bi\u00e7imde \u00e7ok eski tarihlerde bardak s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyle istikrar kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ka\u015fgarl\u0131 Mahmud bart s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc verdi\u011fi gibi, Eski K\u0131p\u00e7ak\u00e7ada k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcltme eki alm\u0131\u015f bug\u00fcnk\u00fc bi\u00e7imiyle olarak da bilinmektedir. Su, cam e\u015fyan\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ta\u015f bardak ve k\u0131rsal kesimde yak\u0131n zamana kadar Arap\u00e7adan al\u0131nan s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerle “tas”tan ve “ma\u015fraba”dan i\u00e7ilse, Anadolu halk a\u011f\u0131zlar\u0131nda, y\u00f6resine g\u00f6re ah\u015fap veya toprak bardak i\u00e7in bodu\u00e7, bocut gibi de\u011fi\u015f-ken bi\u00e7imleriyie ayr\u0131 bir s\u00f6zc\u00fck bulunsa da, “eski \u00e7amlar bardak oldu” deyiminin d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcyle barda\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi standart, \u00fcstelik s\u00fcrahi ile birlikte d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, ilgi \u00e7ekici bir durumdur.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u00d6nce ortada tek su kab\u0131 vard\u0131r, sonra da tek bardak. Herkesin ayr\u0131 barda\u011f\u0131 olmas\u0131 y\u00fczy\u0131llar alacakt\u0131r. Avrupa’da bardak kullan\u0131m\u0131 16. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ba\u015flar. Barda\u011f\u0131n ge\u00e7 kal\u0131\u015f\u0131 dilde de kendisini g\u00f6sterir. Roma…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10335,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[1833,1834],"class_list":["post-4463","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ev","tag-bardak","tag-kadeh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4463"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4463"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4463\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11604,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4463\/revisions\/11604"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10335"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4463"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4463"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4463"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}