Yemek pi\u015firmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan aletler, \u0131s\u0131nma, enerji kayna\u011f\u0131 sorunundan ayr\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemez ve ocak, mangal, soban\u0131n geli\u015fimi pi\u015firme ve \u0131s\u0131nman\u0131n ortak \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in \u00fcretilmi\u015f t\u00fcrevleri g\u00f6sterir. \u00d6rne\u011fin tand\u0131r hem bir pi\u015firme tekni\u011fi hem de Do\u011fu Anadolu’dan Rusya’ya, Orta Asya’ya kadar tek \u0131s\u0131nma arac\u0131d\u0131r. Ocak, \u015f\u00f6mine mangal i\u00e7in de ayn\u0131 durum s\u00f6zkonusudur. Bunlardan farkl\u0131 \u0131s\u0131nma \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerinin \u00e7ok daha ge\u00e7 tarihlerde \u00fcretildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n
Bu alanda yap\u0131lan icatlar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmalar\u0131ndan g\u00fcnl\u00fck kullan\u0131ma girmelerine kadar aradan \u00e7ok uzun zamanlar ge\u00e7mi\u015f, elektrikli aletler \u00fcretilip elektrik yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra h\u0131zl\u0131 bir de\u011fi\u015fim ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00dcst\u00fc kapal\u0131 d\u00f6kme demir mutfak oca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n patentini 1802 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130ngiliz George Bodley ald\u0131. Ayn\u0131 y\u0131l Alman mucit Frederick Albert Winsor<\/strong> gazla \u0131s\u0131nan ilk mutfak oca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131. Fakat yeme\u011fin gazla pi\u015firilebilece\u011fini kan\u0131tlayan bu icat, yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 duman ve neden oldu\u011fu patlamalar nedeniyle kullan\u0131labilir durumda de\u011fildi.<\/p>\n Evlerde kullan\u0131labilen ocaklar 1860’lara kadar \u00fcretilemedi. Edison’un icad\u0131ndan sonra 1892’de R. E. Crompton<\/strong> ve J. H. Dowsing<\/strong> elektrikli oca\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131lar, fakat \u0131s\u0131 ayarlama yetene\u011finin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ve pahal\u0131 olu\u015fu nedeniyle bu icad\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 da ancak 1920’lerden itibaren m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye’de 1960’lara kadar \u015fehirlerde gazoca\u011f\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131yordu. Bakkallarda sat\u0131lan gazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ve t\u0131kand\u0131k\u00e7a i\u011fneyle a\u00e7\u0131lan gazoca\u011f\u0131, elektri\u011fin gelmesi ve ayd\u0131nlanmada kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flamas\u0131ndan sonra da bir s\u00fcre varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 devam ettirdi. \u00d6nce LPG, havagaz\u0131 veya elektrikle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ocaklar, daha sonra \u0131zgara f\u0131r\u0131nlar (Latince furnus yani s\u0131cak s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden) \u00fcretildi.<\/p>\n 1980’lerin ba\u015f\u0131nda Ko\u00e7 Holding’e ba\u011fl\u0131 Ardem ve T\u00fcrk Demird\u00f6k\u00fcm ile Auer ba\u015fl\u0131ca f\u0131r\u0131n \u00fcreticileriydi, fakat f\u0131r\u0131na talep esas olarak 1980’den sonra artt\u0131. F\u0131r\u0131nlar\u0131n zaman ve derece ayar\u0131 otomatikle\u015fip, bilgisayar sistemleriyle donat\u0131l\u0131rken, daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck aile b\u00fct\u00e7eleri i\u00e7in ocaklardan ayr\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli boylarda elektrikli f\u0131r\u0131nlar, f\u0131r\u0131zga ve silindir bi\u00e7iminde olanlar\u0131na verilen adla “davul”lar \u00fcretildi. Bir d\u00f6nem gazete kuponuyla da verilen bu f\u0131r\u0131nlar sayesinde \u00e7ocuklar evde haz\u0131rlanan malzemeyi mahalle f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcp \u00e7e\u015fitli tatl\u0131 ve pidelerin pi\u015firilmesi i\u00e7in beklemek zahmetinden kurtuldular.<\/p>\n Ekmek f\u0131r\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n yerini ekmek fabrikalar\u0131 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda pidecilerden ba\u015fka f\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 olan da kalmad\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Yemek pi\u015firmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan aletler, \u0131s\u0131nma, enerji kayna\u011f\u0131 sorunundan ayr\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemez ve ocak, mangal, soban\u0131n geli\u015fimi pi\u015firme ve \u0131s\u0131nman\u0131n ortak \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in \u00fcretilmi\u015f t\u00fcrevleri g\u00f6sterir. \u00d6rne\u011fin tand\u0131r hem bir pi\u015firme…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[1828,1829,1830],"class_list":["post-4474","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ev","tag-mutfak-ocagi","tag-ocak","tag-set-ustu-ocak"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4474"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4474"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4474\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4484,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4474\/revisions\/4484"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4474"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4474"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4474"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}