{"id":4543,"date":"2015-03-20T02:19:05","date_gmt":"2015-03-20T00:19:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=4543"},"modified":"2018-03-05T22:22:50","modified_gmt":"2018-03-05T20:22:50","slug":"corabi-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=4543","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7orab\u0131 kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c7orap kim icat etti?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u00c7orap<\/strong> Fars\u00e7a “gorab” s\u00f6z\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Arap\u00e7aya curab ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye \u00e7orap olarak ge\u00e7mi\u015f, T\u00fcrk\u00e7eden Balkan dillerine de girmi\u015ftir. Avrupa’da \u00e7orap bilinmezdi. Frans\u0131zca “chausette” (T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede \u015fo-set), \u0130talyanca “calza”, Yunanca “kaltsa”, Latince calcus ayakkab\u0131dan gelmektedir, Frans\u0131zcada “chausse” yani k\u0131sa pantolonun k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclt\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f bi\u00e7imidir. “Chausse” 1100’lerde, “chausette” 12. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr. Dilimizde soket bi\u00e7iminde kullan\u0131lan, \u0130ngilizce “sock” ve “stocking” s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerinin k\u00f6keni olan Latince soccus da al\u00e7ak topuklu hafif ayakkab\u0131d\u0131r. “Stocking” s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ingilizcede 16. y\u00fczy\u0131la kadar g\u00f6r\u00fclmez ve daha ge\u00e7mi\u015fe gidildi\u011finde \u00e7orap, giyilen de\u011fil baca\u011fa sar\u0131lan post, dolak veya kal\u00e7\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Eski Yunan kad\u0131nlar\u0131n giydikleri “sykhos” Roma’ya “soccus” olarak ge\u00e7ti ve Romal\u0131larca Britanya Adalar\u0131’na ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, \u00e7izmenin i\u00e7ine giyilerek ayaklar\u0131n korunabilece\u011fini g\u00f6ren Anglosaksonlarca benimsendi. Germenler ise 19. y\u00fczy\u0131la kadar “socc”u (Orta Almanca; \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f Almancas\u0131 “Socke”) ayakkab\u0131 olarak kulland\u0131lar. Kuzeyliler bacaklar\u0131n\u0131 dolar, g\u00fcneyde uzun \u00e7orap kad\u0131n i\u015f\u0131 kabul edilirken, 14. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Katolik Kilisesi beyaz ketenden diz \u00fcst\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kan \u00e7oraplar\u0131 papazlar\u0131n ibadet k\u0131yafeti olarak benimsedi. \u015e\u00f6valye filmlerinde g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz ve son y\u0131llarda komedi filmlerine konu olan taytl\u0131 (tight) erkekler 11. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar; 14. y\u00fczy\u0131lda iyice daralan ve pantolon yerine de ge\u00e7meye ba\u015flayan bu dar \u00e7oraplara kar\u015f\u0131 bu kez Kilise harekete ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n

William Lee<\/strong> 1589’da ilk \u00f6rg\u00fc makinesini yap\u0131nca Krali\u00e7e I. Elizabeth, dokunan kaba y\u00fcn \u00e7oraplar nedeniyle patent ba\u015fvurusunu geri \u00e7evirdi. Makinesini geli\u015ftiren Lee, krali\u00e7eye ipek \u00e7orapla ba\u015fvurdu\u011funda, elle \u00e7orap \u00f6renlerin \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131 ad\u0131na yine reddedildi. Fransa’da IV. Henry’den destek bulan Lee, kral\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 1610’a kadar burada \u00fcretimini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc. Lee’nin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra karde\u015fi \u0130ngiltere de, diren\u0131\u015flere ra\u011fmen \u00f6rg\u00fc sanayisini kurabildi.<\/p>\n

Frans\u0131z Ayd\u0131nlanmac\u0131lar\u0131n Ansiklopedi’sine g\u00f6re makine bir Frans\u0131z taraf\u0131ndan icat edilmi\u015f, mucit Paris’te oturma konusunda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcklerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131p Ingiltere’ye gitmi\u015f ve orada \u00f6d\u00fcllendirilmi\u015ftir. \u0130ngilizler icad\u0131 saklayarak \u00f6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131 tehdidiyle yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmas\u0131 ya da modelinin yabanc\u0131lara verilmesini yasaklam\u0131\u015flar ama yine de bir Frans\u0131z onu \u00fclkesine geri getirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

\u0130ngiltere Krali\u00e7esi Elizabeth ipekli \u00e7oraplar\u0131 \u00e7ok sevmi\u015f ve bir daha y\u00fcnl\u00fc \u00e7orap giymeyece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu nedenle olsa gerek, \u0130spanya el\u00e7isine, \u0130spanya krali\u00e7esine iletilmek \u00fczere t\u00f6renle ipek \u00e7orap verilmi\u015fti. Fakat \u0130spanya el\u00e7isi diklenerek, Hediyenizi geri al\u0131n ve \u015funu bilin ki, krali\u00e7emizin bacaklar\u0131 yoktur!” diye \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130ngiltere devleti belki de yeni \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131tmak istiyordu. Frans\u0131z ansiklopedistlerinin makinele\u015fmenin ve kapitalizmin motoru olan e\u011firme makinelerinin k\u00f6keni \u00fcst\u00fcne verdi\u011fi kavga, pazar m\u00fccadelesi ve tarih yaratma gayretinin ilk kapitalist \u00f6rneklerinden birini olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n

Sanayi \u00fcretimi, \u015fehirlerden ba\u015flayarak k\u00f6ylere do\u011fru evlerdeki dokuma, hal\u0131, \u00e7ar\u0131k \u00fcretimi gibi \u00e7orap \u00fcretimini de bitirip, eli a\u011f\u0131r\u015fakl\u0131 ve \u015fi\u015fli kad\u0131n manzaralar\u0131ndan sonra yamal\u0131 \u00e7orab\u0131 da ortadan kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, T\u00fcrkiye’de \u00e7orap \u00fcretimi 1980’lere kadar k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck at\u00f6lyelerde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiriliyordu, modernizasyon s\u00fcreci tamamland\u0131ktan sonra \u00fclke, ABD ve \u0130talya gibi d\u00fcnyan\u0131n say\u0131l\u0131 \u00e7orap \u00fcretici ve ihracat\u00e7\u0131 \u00fclkeleri aras\u0131na girdi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00c7orap kim icat etti? \u00c7orap Fars\u00e7a “gorab” s\u00f6z\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Arap\u00e7aya curab ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7eye \u00e7orap olarak ge\u00e7mi\u015f, T\u00fcrk\u00e7eden Balkan dillerine de girmi\u015ftir. Avrupa’da \u00e7orap bilinmezdi. Frans\u0131zca “chausette” (T\u00fcrk\u00e7ede \u015fo-set), \u0130talyanca “calza”, Yunanca…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10993,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[1854],"class_list":["post-4543","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-moda","tag-corap"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4543"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4543"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4543\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10994,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4543\/revisions\/10994"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10993"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4543"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4543"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4543"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}