{"id":4545,"date":"2015-03-30T01:34:10","date_gmt":"2015-03-29T23:34:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=4545"},"modified":"2015-03-18T21:38:50","modified_gmt":"2015-03-18T19:38:50","slug":"naylon-corabi-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=4545","title":{"rendered":"Naylon \u00c7orab\u0131 kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

27 Ekim 1938’de Du Pont<\/strong> \u015firketi tekstilde kullan\u0131labilecek daha kuvvetli ve esnek, yeni sentetik bir maddenin, naylonun \u00fcretildi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Du Pontlar 1802’de Fransa’dan ABD’ye gelmi\u015fler, \u00fcnl\u00fc kimyager Antoine Laurent de Lavoisier’in yan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f olan Eleuthere Du Pont burada barut fabrikas\u0131 kurmu\u015f ve Amerikal\u0131lar \u0130ngiltere’ye kar\u015f\u0131 sava\u015fta bu barutu kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Birinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131’nda da ABD’nin barut ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 40’\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layan \u015firket, sava\u015ftan sonra kimya sanayiinde b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7 haline gelmi\u015f ve ara\u015ft\u0131rmalara b\u00fcy\u00fck kaynak ay\u0131rmaya, vernik, otomobil boyas\u0131 vb. imalat\u0131na ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.\u00a0Naylonun icad\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131yla sanayi, bir yandan ipek ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kurtulmaktan ho\u015fnut, bir yandan dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n artmas\u0131n\u0131n sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrece\u011finden tedirgindi.<\/p>\n

Naylon iplik 1939 D\u00fcnya Fuar\u0131’nda sergilendi ve naylon \u00e7oraplar\u0131n deneme giyimi yap\u0131ld\u0131. Du Pont’un \u00e7orap imalat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131na satt\u0131\u011f\u0131 iplikle \u00fcretilen ve ABD’nin b\u00fcy\u00fck sat\u0131\u015f noktalar\u0131na da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lan naylon \u00e7oraplar\u0131n “Naylon G\u00fcn\u00fc” ilan edilen 15 May\u0131s 1940’tan \u00f6nce sat\u0131\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmamas\u0131 kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. D\u00fczenlenen kampanyayla sat\u0131\u015f o g\u00fcn ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131 ve d\u00fckkanlar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde daha kepenkler a\u00e7\u0131lmadan kuyruklar olu\u015ftu, kad\u0131nlar saatlerce beklediler, piyasaya s\u00fcr\u00fclen \u00e7oraplar\u0131n tamam\u0131 ayn\u0131 g\u00fcn t\u00fckendi.<\/p>\n

Ne var ki \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f ve naylon; para\u015f\u00fct, \u00e7ad\u0131r, ip yap\u0131m\u0131na ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Naylon \u00e7orap karaborsaya d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc ve kad\u0131nlar bacaklar\u0131n\u0131 bej renge boyay\u0131p siyah diki\u015f \u00e7izgisi \u00e7izdiler. \u00dcretici Du Pont diki\u015fsiz naylon tasarlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131 ama sava\u015f ko\u015fullar\u0131 tabaka halinde naylon \u00fcretip sonradan dikmeyi gerektirmi\u015fti. Fakat bu \u00e7izgi \u00e7ok seksi bulunuyordu.<\/p>\n

Naylon ABD\u00a0de \u00fcretilmi\u015f ve Avrupa’ya ihra\u00e7 edilmeden \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u0130ngiltere’ye giden b\u00fct\u00fcn naylon, sava\u015f malzemeleri i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131yor, naylon \u00e7orap yaln\u0131zca ka\u00e7ak yollarla ve Amerikal\u0131lar, \u00f6zellikle de askerler taraf\u0131ndan \u00fclkeye sokuluyordu. Naylon \u00e7orap bulabilen \u0130ngiliz k\u0131zlar k\u0131skan\u0131l\u0131yordu. Bu k\u0131skan\u00e7l\u0131\u011f\u0131n naylon \u00e7orap edinmek i\u00e7in Amerikal\u0131 askerlerle ili\u015fki kurmaya kadar vard\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6yleniyordu. Naylo\u0131n \u00e7orab\u0131n hikmeti bu ki, k\u0131rk y\u0131l sonra Do\u011fu Bloku rejimlerini y\u0131kan nedenin de ayn\u0131 tutku oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenecekti. Etek boyuyla birlikte kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve rengiyle kad\u0131n\u0131n toplumsal stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc bildiren naylon \u00e7orap, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kad\u0131nlar ve \u00f6\u011frenci k\u0131zlar i\u00e7in y\u0131llarca bir yandan da ka\u00e7ma\u0131slyla sorun olu\u015fturduktan sonra, kalitelilerinin \u00fcretilmesi, pamuklular\u0131n ilgi g\u00f6rmesi, k\u00fclotlu \u00e7orab\u0131n yay-g\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131 ve sonunda tayt ve stre\u00e7 giymenin \u00e7ocuklardan ba\u015flayarak teyzelere kadar ola\u011fanla\u015fmas\u0131yla daha rahat g\u00fcnler ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Eteklerin k\u0131sal\u0131p sonunda dizin \u00fcst\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 jartiyer kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 olanaks\u0131z k\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve naylon \u00e7orap gittik\u00e7e uzayarak k\u00fclotlu \u00e7orap ve tayta d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. jartiyer Fransa’da 14. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan beri kullan\u0131lmaktayd\u0131. \u0130ngiltere’nin en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015f\u00f6valyelik ni\u015fan\u0131 1344’te verilmeye ba\u015flanan Order of Garter’d\u0131r (Dizba\u011f\u0131 Ni\u015fan\u0131). \u015eemseddin Sami’nin 1886’da dizba\u011f\u0131 diye \u00e7evirdi\u011fi jartiyer, orta\u00e7a\u011f sonlar\u0131na kadar erkek k\u0131yafetinin ayr\u0131lmaz par\u00e7as\u0131yd\u0131 ve kullan\u0131m\u0131 yak\u0131n y\u0131llara kadar devam etmi\u015fti. Naylon \u00e7orapla birlikte T\u00fcrkiye’de de \u00e7orap lasti\u011finin yan\u0131ndaki yerini alan jartiyer, bu geli\u015fmelerle tekrar \u00f6zel hayata \u00e7ekildi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

27 Ekim 1938’de Du Pont \u015firketi tekstilde kullan\u0131labilecek daha kuvvetli ve esnek, yeni sentetik bir maddenin, naylonun \u00fcretildi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. Du Pontlar 1802’de Fransa’dan ABD’ye gelmi\u015fler, \u00fcnl\u00fc kimyager Antoine Laurent de…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[1855,1858,1857,1856],"class_list":["post-4545","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-moda","tag-ince-corap","tag-jartiyer","tag-kulotlu-corap","tag-naylon-corap"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4545"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4545"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4545\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4553,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4545\/revisions\/4553"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4545"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4545"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4545"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}