{"id":459,"date":"2016-11-11T21:11:11","date_gmt":"2016-11-11T19:11:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=459"},"modified":"2016-12-12T13:31:47","modified_gmt":"2016-12-12T11:31:47","slug":"takma-disi-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=459","title":{"rendered":"Takma di\u015fi kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u0130lk takma di\u015f<\/strong> protezinin milattan \u00f6nce 700 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130talya&#8217;da Etr\u00fcskler taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmektedir. \u00d6len insan veya hayvanlar\u0131n di\u015fleri kullan\u0131larak yap\u0131lan bu takma di\u015fler kolay bozulan yap\u0131s\u0131na ra\u011fmen yap\u0131lmas\u0131 kolay olmas\u0131 sebebiyle uzunca y\u0131llar 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortalar\u0131na kadar kullan\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bir di\u011fer kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 takma di\u015f protezi Japonya&#8217;da ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Japonya&#8217;n\u0131n Kii b\u00f6lgesinde bulunan ganjiyoji tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131nda Nakaoka Tei taraf\u0131ndan ah\u015fap kullan\u0131larak yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ah\u015fap takma di\u015f protezi, modern di\u015f protezlerin \u015fekliyle neredeyse ayn\u0131 \u015fekle sahipti. Ayn\u0131 zamanda her di\u015f kayb\u0131 durumunu da kapsam\u0131\u015f \u015fekildeydi. Takma ah\u015fap di\u015f protezleri, Meiji d\u00f6nemine kadar Japonya&#8217;da kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130svi\u00e7re&#8217;de bir tarlada yap\u0131lan bir kaz\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda, 15. y\u00fczy\u0131ldan kalma oldu\u011fu saptanan bir tak\u0131m takma di\u015f bulundu. Bu tak\u0131mda, hem alt, hem de \u00fcst di\u015fler vard\u0131. Kemikten oyularak yap\u0131lan takma di\u015fler, kiri\u015flerle birbirine tutturulmu\u015ftu. Bu takma di\u015fin, daha \u00e7ok estetik ama\u00e7larla yapt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve yemek saatlerinde \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 san\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u0130lk porselen takma di\u015f<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>1770 y\u0131l\u0131nda Parisli eczac\u0131 <strong>Alexis Duch\u00e2teau<\/strong> taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131ld\u0131. Duch\u00e2teau&#8217;nun ilk denemeleri ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131kla sonu\u00e7land\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc porselene ate\u015fte bi\u00e7im vermekte hayli zorlan\u0131yordu ve \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n etkisiyle porselenin hacmi de\u011fi\u015fti\u011finden, ilk \u00e7amurun miktar\u0131n\u0131 ayarlamakta g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck \u00e7ekiyordu. Sonunda bir \u00e7ift di\u015f yapmay\u0131 ba\u015fard\u0131. Bunlar, ger\u00e7ekten m\u00fckemmeldi. Parisli eczac\u0131, a\u011fz\u0131na takt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu di\u015fleri \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu kulland\u0131. Deney s\u0131ras\u0131nda Duch\u00e2teau&#8217;ya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan Parisli di\u015f\u00e7ilerden <strong>Nicholas Dubois de Chemant<\/strong>, yeni t\u00fcr takma di\u015flerin \u00fcretimine ba\u015flad\u0131. Paris T\u0131p Fak\u00fcltesi, bu di\u015fler \u00fczerinde yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 incelemelerden sonra, \u015fu raporu yay\u0131nlad\u0131: &#8220;G\u00fczelli\u011fi, dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve hijyenik yeterlili\u011fi m\u00fckemmel olan bu takma di\u015fler, di\u015fsiz insanlar i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ekten \u00e7ok yararl\u0131d\u0131r.&#8221;\u00a01791&#8217;de Nicholas Dubois De Chemant&#8217;e, &#8220;De Chemant&#8217;\u0131n Spesifikasyonu&#8221; ve\u00a0&#8220;Takma di\u015flerin tekli, \u00e7ift, s\u0131ral\u0131 ya da komple setler halinde yap\u0131lmas\u0131&#8221; adl\u0131 takma di\u015f protezi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u0130ngiltere&#8217;de patent verildi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130lk takma di\u015f protezinin milattan \u00f6nce 700 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130talya&#8217;da Etr\u00fcskler taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmektedir. \u00d6len insan veya hayvanlar\u0131n di\u015fleri kullan\u0131larak yap\u0131lan bu takma di\u015fler kolay bozulan yap\u0131s\u0131na ra\u011fmen yap\u0131lmas\u0131 kolay olmas\u0131&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5717,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[2337,1155,2340,2338,2339,1154],"class_list":["post-459","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-saglik","tag-alexis-duchateau","tag-dis","tag-dis-protezi","tag-nicholas-dubois-de-chemant","tag-protez-dis","tag-takma-dis"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/459"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=459"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/459\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5718,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/459\/revisions\/5718"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/5717"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=459"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=459"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=459"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}