{"id":4777,"date":"2015-03-17T00:42:58","date_gmt":"2015-03-16T22:42:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=4777"},"modified":"2018-03-08T15:47:29","modified_gmt":"2018-03-08T13:47:29","slug":"fotografi-kim-buldu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/?p=4777","title":{"rendered":"Foto\u011fraf\u0131 kim buldu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Foto\u011fraf\u0131 kim buldu, Foto\u011fraf\u0131 kim icat etti.<\/strong>\u00a0Her yetene\u011fe hitap eden makineleriyle yayg\u0131nla\u015fan foto\u011fraf<\/em> bug\u00fcn bilimden sanayiye, e\u011fitimden ileti\u015fime, belgecilikten sanata kadar her alanda \u00f6nemli i\u015flevler y\u00fcklenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Karanl\u0131k oda tekni\u011fi \u00e7ok eskidir. 11 y\u00fczy\u0131lda Arap bilginler, 15. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Leonardo da Vinci, 16. y\u00fczy\u0131lda Giovanni Battista della Porta karanl\u0131k oda denemeleri yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. 17. y\u00fczy\u0131lda ressamlar portre \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda karanl\u0131k oda sisteminden yararlanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. R\u00f6nesans’\u0131n geometri ve perspektifi ile 18. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n kimya ve fizi\u011fi, 19 y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda foto\u011fraf\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1826 y\u0131l\u0131nda Joseph Nicephore Niepce<\/strong> sekiz saat \u0131\u015f\u0131k alt\u0131nda ilk foto\u011fraf\u0131<\/strong> alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Joseph Petzval<\/strong>‘\u0131n 1839 y\u0131l\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131, s\u00fcreyi k\u0131saltan mercek altm\u0131\u015f y\u0131l kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00dc\u00e7 y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde objektif ve em\u00fclsiyonlar\u0131n geli\u015fmesiyle poz s\u00fcresi saatlerden saniyelere inmi\u015f, portre \u00e7ekilebilir olmu\u015ftur. 1841’de \u0130ngiliz mucit William Henry Fox<\/strong>‘un foto\u011fraf\u0131n negatifini elde eden aleti icat edince, negatiften pozitif elde etme yani foto\u011fraf\u0131 tekrar basarak \u00e7o\u011faltma imkan\u0131 foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011fa yeni bir anlam katt\u0131.\u00a01870’lerden sonra g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f brom\u00fcrl\u00fc jelatin em\u00fclsiyonlar, 1880 lerden sonra filmin geli\u015ftirilmesi foto\u011frafta s\u0131\u00e7rama yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

George Eastman<\/strong> 1883’te sar\u0131lan film Kodak<\/strong>‘\u0131 \u00fcretmi\u015f, 1889’da kutu kameran\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesiyle foto\u011fraf makinesinin ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 kolayla\u015fm\u0131\u015f, 1925’te Leica otuz alt\u0131 pozluk filmi \u00fcretmi\u015ftir. 1846’da Paris’te y\u0131lda iki bin foto\u011fraf makinesi sat\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. 1852’de \u0130ngiltere’de ilk foto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k derne\u011fi kurulmu\u015ftur. Matbaan\u0131n <\/a>kurulu\u015funda her konunun matbu ka\u011f\u0131da ge\u00e7irilmesi \u00e7abas\u0131n\u0131 yaratan heyecana benzer bi\u00e7imde her yerde her t\u00fcr foto\u011fraf \u00e7ekilmekte, sergiler a\u00e7\u0131lmakta, yar\u0131\u015fmalar d\u00fczenlenmekte ve foto\u011fraf sanat\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. 1885’lerden sonra dergi ve gazetelerde foto\u011fraf kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Foto\u011fraf<\/em>, okul ve b\u00fcrokratik i\u015flemlerdeki zorunlulu\u011fu d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda aile alb\u00fcmleriyle en k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck birime kadar girmi\u015ftir. \u00d6nemli g\u00fcn ve toplant\u0131lar, tatil g\u00fcnleri, \u00f6zel ya\u015fam\u0131n s\u00fcnnet, evlilik gibi duraklar\u0131 foto\u011frafla canland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 beklenen an\u0131lard\u0131r. “\u0130stanbul hat\u0131ras\u0131” \u00e7ekilen \u015fip\u015fak\u00e7\u0131lar, panay\u0131rlarda \u00e7e\u015fitli kost\u00fcmlerle veya Reagan gibi d\u00fcnya \u00fcnl\u00fcleriyle foto\u011fraf \u00e7ektirme f\u0131rsatlar\u0131, insan\u0131n biricikli\u011fini belgeleme arzusunun ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli bi\u00e7imlerden kaynaklan\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Foto\u011fraf\u0131 kim buldu, Foto\u011fraf\u0131 kim icat etti.\u00a0Her yetene\u011fe hitap eden makineleriyle yayg\u0131nla\u015fan foto\u011fraf bug\u00fcn bilimden sanayiye, e\u011fitimden ileti\u015fime, belgecilikten sanata kadar her alanda \u00f6nemli i\u015flevler y\u00fcklenmi\u015ftir. Karanl\u0131k oda tekni\u011fi \u00e7ok…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11160,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,1],"tags":[518,1988,1987,1989,1990],"class_list":["post-4777","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-eglence","category-teknoloji","tag-fotograf","tag-george-eastman","tag-joseph-nicephore-niepce","tag-kodak","tag-william-henry-fox"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4777"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4777"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4777\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11161,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4777\/revisions\/11161"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/11160"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4777"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4777"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ilkkimbuldu.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4777"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}